Journal of Public Health Management and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Validation of a Simplified Laboratory-Based HCV Clearance Definition Using New York City Hepatitis C Program and Surveillance Data.","authors":"Christina S Hwang, Martha P Montgomery, Diana I Diaz Munoz, Shaoman Yin, Eyasu H Teshale, Angelica Bocour","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002077","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Laboratory-based hepatitis C virus (HCV) clearance cascades are an important tool for health departments to track progress toward HCV elimination, but a laboratory-based definition of HCV clearance has not yet been validated.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare agreement between a laboratory-based HCV clearance definition with a clinical cure definition.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Observational.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene HCV surveillance system data and New York City hepatitis C linkage-to-care program data.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Linkage-to-care program participants who were diagnosed with hepatitis C and enrolled in the linkage-to-care program from July 1, 2016, through June 30, 2020.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure: </strong>Percent agreement between a laboratory-based HCV clearance definition (surveillance system) and a clinical cure definition (program data).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 591 program participants with known treatment outcome, the laboratory-based HCV clearance definition and clinical cure definition were concordant in 573 cases (97%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A laboratory-based HCV clearance definition based on public health surveillance data can be a reliable source for monitoring HCV elimination.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"360-367"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932781/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Availability of a Continuity of Operations Plan Toolkit for Public Health Mycobacteriology Laboratories.","authors":"Monica E Youngblood, Stephanie P Johnston","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interruption of service events may result in a temporary inability to use equipment or laboratory space, compromise staffing and infrastructure, preclude maintenance or calibration of equipment, and prevent or require extensive disinfection and decontamination. A continuity of operations plan allows a mycobacteriology laboratory to shift efficiently from its regular structure to one that enables timely continuation of testing services. The Continuity of Operations Plan Toolkit for Public Health Mycobacteriology Laboratories was developed to aid continuity of operations planning for mycobacteriology laboratories that offer testing services for diagnosing tuberculosis. The toolkit includes processes for creating, modifying, or implementing mycobacteriology continuity of operations plans, including considerations for leveraging partnerships. Available within the toolkit are various templates and checklists which can be adapted to meet specific local needs. While intended for public health laboratories, the toolkit is applicable for clinical, commercial, and other laboratory types that may perform tuberculosis testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated With Unsuccessful Rabies Tests in Utah, 2014-2023.","authors":"Clarissa N Keisling, Will Boyd, Hannah Rettler, Heather Oltjen, Kacy Nowak, Kaona Ayres, Kim Kinnick-Hansen, Jesse Harbour, William A Lanier","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Testing potentially rabid animals is crucial for providing accurate recommendations to prevent rabies infection. When a test of the animal is unsuccessful, (ie, does not produce a positive or negative result) after a potential exposure, health officials cannot rule out rabies and must recommend rabies postexposure prophylaxis, presenting an economic burden to patients and health care systems.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To better understand factors associated with unsuccessful rabies tests to inform interventions that would reduce preventable unsuccessful testing.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We performed tests of independence between unsuccessful test rates and frequently submitted animal and submitter types. We used Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel (CMH) tests to assess the significance of the association between unsuccessful tests and animal type and submitter type, while controlling for the effects of each. Stratified bivariate analyses identified specific factors driving significant CMH results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2 806 specimens submitted for rabies testing during January 2014-March 2023, 113 (4%) were unsuccessful. Bats, raccoons, and skunks each had higher unsuccessful test rates compared to dogs or cats (Ps < .001-.003) and together comprised 87 (77%) of the 113 unsuccessful tests. Submissions by citizens had a higher proportion of unsuccessful tests than submissions by animal control (P < .001); animal control had the lowest unsuccessful test rate of all submitter types. Unsuccessful test rates differed when controlling for submitter type (P < .001) and animal type (P = .01). Submissions of bats by citizens had a significantly greater proportion of unsuccessful tests than submissions of bats by animal control (P < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>More than three-quarters of unsuccessful tests were attributed to bats, skunks, and raccoons, emphasizing the need to improve submission quality for these animals. We recommend training Utah rabies response partners on proper specimen handling and submission. Efforts should also focus on educating citizens to route submissions through trained rabies responders. Conducting focus groups with specific entities that have the lowest unsuccessful test rates could yield model submission practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Health as Persuasion.","authors":"Karl Johnson","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002158","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Nutrition Literacy and Quality of Life in Adults With Chronic Diseases in Bengbu China.","authors":"Xiaoting Hu, Yuhui Sun, Xi Tian, Huaqing Liu","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Nutrition literacy (NL) reflects an individual's ability to make correct nutritional decisions, and nutrition is a factor influencing patients' quality of life (QOL).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the association between NL and QOL in adults with chronic diseases.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Chinese residents beginning in May 2023. Investigators, who were trained to follow standardized procedures, conducted individual, face-to-face interviews.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Bengbu City, Anhui Province, China.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A total of 1607 Chinese residents aged 18 and over.</p><p><strong>Main outcome and measures: </strong>A 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey was used to assess QOL and the short-form NL measurement tool to measure the NL. Ordinal logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between NL and QOL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1607 participants, compared to those in the first quartile of NL, individuals in the 4th quartile, characterized by higher NL, reported a significantly higher QOL, including physical component summary and mental component summary. For dimensions, nutrition knowledge, understanding, interactive, and critical skills were associated with QOL. Upon stratification, this association was evident exclusively in individuals with low monthly incomes, moderate to high physical activity levels, those living with others and 1 to 3 diseases. Additionally, there's synergistic association between NL and the number of diseases with QOL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings underscore that adequate NL is positively associated with better QOL in populations with chronic diseases, and the relationship varied by income, physical activity, living arrangements, and the number of diseases. Focusing on the NL of populations with chronic diseases might help provide a basis for dietary nutrition management and intervention to improve QOL in patients with chronic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building Adaptive Leaders: A Formative Evaluation of the Region V Public Health Leadership Institute Using Ripple Effect Mapping and Focus Groups.","authors":"Harshada Karnik, Julieta Barbiero, Danielle J Zemmel, Nicole M Weiss, Phoebe K G Kulik, Laura E Power, Jonathon P Leider","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The Region V Public Health Training Center implemented an inaugural Leadership Institute (RVPHLI) from January to June 2023. This paper outlines a formative evaluation of the program to qualitatively assess its potential outcomes and influence on participants' leadership capacity.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>Thirty-eight public health and primary care professionals participated in 40 hours of online learning activities focused on adaptive leadership themes.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure: </strong>We conducted ripple effect mapping (REM) exercises and focus group discussions with 32 participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>REM analysis using the Community Capitals Framework suggested benefits to participants' cultural, social, and human capital. The following themes emerged as takeaways from the focus groups: leaders as collaborators, new approaches to work and leadership, better understanding of individual leadership qualities and skills, current challenges, and validated existing definitions of leadership.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>REM analysis showed participants gaining confidence and skills. They identified beneficiaries beyond themselves and shared challenges and resources. Findings will shape future RVPHLI iterations and potentially enhance development of other leadership programs in both the public health and primary care sectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Connecting the Dots: Facilitating Resource Access for Health and Wellness in Chicago Public Schools (CPS) Through the Healthy CPS Network Specialist.","authors":"Elizabeth Jarpe-Ratner, Sabrina Arancibia, Maddie Offstein, Cassidy Malner, Julien Leider, Jamie F Chriqui","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>To comply with local, state, and federal health and wellness policies, districts and schools must connect students with needed services and resources (eg, mobile medical units and community health educators). Yet, schools struggle to navigate fragmented service landscapes. In Chicago Public Schools (CPS), the Healthy CPS Network Specialist position was created to help connect schools to such resources and services.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study explores how the Specialist connects schools to resources and services and describes the experiences of schools working with the Specialist.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This mixed-methods study includes key informant interviews and survey data.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The study was conducted in one of CPS's geographic networks, serving roughly 2 dozen schools on the district's West side.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Interviews with the Specialist and interviews and surveys with school-level staff served by the Specialist were conducted from 2021 through 2023.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Interviews and surveys measured participants' reported experiences working with the Specialist to get connected to 12 needed health and wellness resources and services.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 50% of schools reported being connected to resources and services by working with the Specialist. The most common supports were connections to sexual health education supports (75%), nutrition education supports (71%), and supports for LGBTQ+ students (68%). Interviewees reported that the Specialist makes connections internally, between schools and district-level staff, as well as externally across the city. Connections are made both through planning conversations and in response to school requests. Interviewees saw value in these connections, noting the Specialist addresses gaps in schools' knowledge, helps them plan for resource use, eases burdens, builds trusting relationships, and ensures follow-through.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Specialist position serves as a model for how to help schools build capacity to achieve health and wellness policy compliance through the connections made in a fragmented service landscape, ensuring services meet students' needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143736221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Project HCV Connect: Using a County Surveillance Registry to Link Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Residents to Cure-Los Angeles County, April 2023 to March 2024.","authors":"Chrysovalantis Stafylis, Cassidy Hernandez-Tamayo, Lokesh Bhardwaj, Riya Shah, Tatiana Becerra, Dara Bruce, Roopkamal Saini, Natalie Saremi, Immanuel Thomas, Krzel Manansala-Tan, Arjun P Vij, Alison Li, Nathan Sudeep, Jacob Gizamba, Bijan Hosseini, Sabrina Navarro, Sofia Ufret-Rivera, Mirna Ponce Jewell, Prabhu Gounder, Jeffrey D Klausner","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Los Angeles County has a high prevalence of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, but resources and infrastructure to notify and increase treatment uptake among county residents are absent. Through an innovative academic-public partnership, we developed a linkage-to-cure program utilizing the Department of Public Health's HCV surveillance registry. Case workers contacted reported cases via phone, to offer education, and treatment referral. Three months after the initial communication, individuals that reported that they were untreated were recontacted to evaluate treatment status. Between April 2023 and March 2024, a total of 639 individuals with HCV were interviewed; 84% of them were aware of their infection status, and 70% were untreated. Among those interviewed three months after initial communication (n = 260), 22% started or completed treatment and 30% were under evaluation for treatment. Leveraging existing resources and new partnerships Public Health Departments could mobilize individuals to seek medical care and lead the effort towards elimination of HCV.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategic and Performance Planning in US Local Health Departments: A Comparative Analysis of Strategic, Community Health Improvement, and Quality Improvement Plans.","authors":"Jacquelyn Jacobs, Britney Smart, Maureen Benjamins, Jesus Valencia, Anna Clayton, Krishna Patel, Joi Lee, Tim McCall, Ashley Edmiston","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Local health departments (LHDs) are a critical component of the US public health infrastructure. To guide their work and evaluate progress, LHDs develop and maintain a range of planning documents, including strategic plans (SPs), community health improvement plans (CHIPs), and quality improvement plans (QIPs).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The goal of this study was to provide information on current LHD practices related to strategic planning and performance improvement.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The study used an environmental scan and document analysis of a sample of 93 plans from 31 LHDs to explore commonalities and differences within the strategies, goals, and priorities of SPs, CHIPs, and QIPs. Framework analysis was used, involving initial document review, development of a coding framework, and applying this framework to all documents iteratively. To ensure reliability, 19% of documents were double-coded, with discrepancies resolved through team discussions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 31 LHDs included in this analysis, most were urban (89.7%) and medium-sized (64.5%), with a large percentage from the Midwest (41.9%). The analysis revealed that most LHDs used established frameworks to develop plans and identify priority areas. Frequently listed priority areas included behavioral health, social determinants of health, access to care, chronic disease, and nutrition and physical activity. Frequently listed strategies to improve priority areas included building collaborations and partnerships, advocating for policy change, increasing access to services and resources, and increasing awareness of issues. While CHIPs frequently incorporated social determinants of health as part of a guiding framework, QIPs focused on fostering continuous quality improvement. Differences were documented based on jurisdiction size, degree of rurality, and region.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study identified a widespread commitment to develop plans using established frameworks, community engagement, and data-driven decision-making, while also highlighting the diverse needs and capacities of LHDs in addressing public health challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in Preventive Care Utilization at the Intersection of Socioeconomic and Demographic Characteristics: A Survival Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake in the United States.","authors":"Biplab Kumar Datta, Santu Ghosh, Jennifer E Jaremski, Benjamin E Ansa, K M Monirul Islam, J Aaron Johnson","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Vaccination coverage against COVID-19 varied across populations. While previous studies primarily documented disparities at a point of time, how uptake rates evolved over time across categories of socioeconomic status (SES) is less visited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study utilizing timing (month and year) of the first dose of COVID-19 vaccination, assessed the differences in vaccination progress by different categories of SES across demographic groups in the United States (US).</p><p><strong>Design/setting/participants: </strong>Using data from the 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System for 135 730 individuals aged 18+ years, living in 29 US states, we estimated Kaplan-Meier failure functions and stratified Cox proportional hazard models for the event of first vaccination.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>We assessed how monthly survival probabilities, from December 2020 to December 2022, varied across categories of SES represented by educational attainment and household income in the full sample and in sub-samples of demographic characteristics including age groups, sex, and race and ethnicity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Estimates of the K-M failure functions suggested a SES gradient of COVID-19 vaccination uptake rates, which were highest among adults with a college degree and income of ≥400% of Federal Poverty Level (FPL), and lowest among adults with educational attainment of less than high school diploma and income of <100% of FPL. Compared to college graduates, adults without a high school diploma were 0.50 (95% confidence interval: 0.48-0.52) times, and compared to adults with income of ≥400% of FPL, adults with income of <100% of FPL were 0.60 times as likely to receive the first dose of vaccination. The hazard ratios of vaccination were 0.61 and 0.70 for adults with high school diploma and some college education, and 0.69 and 0.80 for adults with income of 100% to 199% and 200% to 399% of FPL, respectively. The differences between high and low SES categories were qualitatively similar, though differed by magnitudes across the demographic groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight a significant difference in the trends of COVID-19 vaccination uptake between individuals from high and low SES backgrounds and may offer insights for designing policies aimed at equitable vaccination coverage.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}