Journal of Public Health Management and Practice最新文献

{"title":"A Mixed Method Evaluation of Practitioners' Perspectives on Implementation Strategies for Healthy Eating and Active Living Policy, Systems, and Environmental Changes.","authors":"Bailey Houghtaling, Nila Pradhananga, Denise Holston, Melissa Cater, Laura Balis","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>The National Cooperative Extension System is a leader in delivering healthy eating and active living (HEAL) policy, systems, and environmental (PSE) changes; however, these interventions are challenging, and technical assistance efforts often misalign with implementation science concepts.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study objective was to understand the importance of implementation strategies and tailoring needs to support Louisiana Nutrition and Community Health (NCH) practitioners' delivery of rural HEAL PSE changes.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>An explanatory sequential mixed method study design was used, including a survey to rank the importance of implementation strategies for HEAL PSE changes and a follow-up interview. A review of available implementation strategies (practice activities/resources) for Louisiana HEAL PSE changes was also conducted.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>This study occurred within Louisiana and focused on NCH practitioners' ongoing HEAL PSE change efforts throughout the state, with emphasis on rural community settings.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>All NCH practitioners were eligible to participate. \"Practitioners\" included Extension NCH administrators and agents/educators directly delivering HEAL PSE changes.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes: </strong>The main quantitative outcome was the ranked importance of implementation strategies to support NCH practitioners' delivery of HEAL PSE changes. For explanatory interviews, perceptions of higher and lower ranked implementation strategies and tailoring opportunities were of interest. The alignment of available activities/resources with possible implementation strategies was also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Highly ranked implementation strategies focused on engaging dedicated community partners and community members and starting small to ensure success, generate buy-in, and demonstrate feasibility. Opportunities for capacity building in these areas were identified. A lower ranked implementation strategy, changing organizational structures, was considered less likely to occur but possibly necessary to improve job satisfaction, retention, and return on investment. Available activities/resources overlapped with a few available implementation strategies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified opportunities to use implementation science concepts to improve program support for NCH practitioners delivering complex HEAL PSE changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Taxes and Weight Outcomes Among US Adolescents.","authors":"Dinghe Cui, Christopher F Baum, Summer Sherburne Hawkins","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Given the recent implementation and preemption of sugar-sweetened beverage taxes across the United States, we aimed to evaluate the associations between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes and adolescent weight-related outcomes using data on 364,540 adolescents drawn from 1999 to 2021 district Youth Risk Behavior Surveys. We used difference-in-differences models to assess the associations and the potential mediating roles of SSBs, milk, and 100% fruit juice consumption. We found that a one cent per ounce increase in SSB taxes was associated with a 0.26 lower body mass index (P < .01), and a 2.19 (P < .01) and 1.68 (P < .01) percentage point decrease in the probability of being affected by overweight and obesity, respectively. SSB consumption had a mediating role, as tax increases were associated with a 2.45 (P < .01) percentage point decrease in adolescents' probability of drinking any SSB. Milk and 100% fruit juices likely also played a role, as we found changes in their consumption in response to tax increases.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incorporating Parcel-Based Housing Conditions to Increase the Precision of Identifying Children With Elevated Blood Lead.","authors":"Erika Rasnick Manning, Qing Duan, Cole Brokamp","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Area-level predictive models are commonly used to screen children for blood lead levels (BLLs) greater than the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) blood lead reference value (BLRV) of 3.5 µg/dL.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To increase screening accuracy and precision by creating a parcel-level model incorporating housing characteristics to predict parcels where children are at high risk.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Residential addresses associated with child blood lead tests were linked to neighborhood- and parcel-level characteristics and proximity to lead sources. Regression forests were fit using different predictor combinations and compared using cross-validated accuracy and decile-based agreement across all residential parcels.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Hamilton County, Ohio, United States.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Children less than 6 years of age with blood lead tests between January 2020 and April 2023.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure: </strong>Cross-validated model accuracy and decile-based agreement across residential parcels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>27,782 tests were matched to a residential parcel. Regression forests using Parcel + Source (70.8% AUC) and Neighborhood + Parcel + Source predictors (70.3% AUC) had the highest cross-validated accuracy for predicting BLLs >3.5 µg/dL. Parcel-level predictions revealed heterogeneity of risk across parcels within the same tract.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Parcel characteristics improved the accuracy of predicting locations of children with BLLs >3.5 µg/dL and can help identify children at high risk living in low-risk areas. A parcel-level identification of housing-based lead hazards could guide and support action to prevent pediatric lead exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Pull of Tradition: The Restoration of a Department Structure in a School of Public Health.","authors":"Donna J Petersen","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002113","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoking and Risks Contributing to COVID-19 Hospitalization in Washoe County, Nevada, 2020-2021.","authors":"Danika M Williams, Minggen Lu, Ann M Weber, Daniel M Cook, Lingchen Wang, Wei Yang","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the association between smoking behavior and COVID-19 hospitalization, integrating individual and regional factors such as community resilience and social determinants of health (SDOH), addressing gaps in existing research.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study utilizing multilevel analytical methods to evaluate the effects of individual smoking status and regional SDOH on COVID-19 hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Washoe County, Nevada, during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (March 5, 2020, to April 30, 2021).</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>All reported laboratory-positive COVID-19-infected adult residents of Washoe County collected by the Washoe County Health District through mandated disease surveillance for which smoking status was recorded, totaling 10,215 cases after data cleaning.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure: </strong>Hospitalization among those with COVID-19 was the primary outcome measure, analyzed in relation to individual smoking status and zip code tabulation area (ZCTA)-level SDOH variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis found that individuals infected with COVID-19 who currently and formerly smoked had significantly higher odds of hospitalization compared to those who never had smoked, with odds ratios adjusted for demographics and comorbidities. An increased odds of hospitalization among those with COVID-19 were associated with higher local unemployment, a significant ZCTA-level factor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Smoking may have increased the odds of hospitalization among those infected with COVID-19, as well as the socioeconomic factor of unemployment. The integration of SDOH into the assessment of health outcomes underscores the need for targeted public health interventions that address both individual behaviors and community-level factors. Future research should continue to explore these factors to inform more effective public health strategies and policy decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Boards of Health Can Advance Public Health 3.0.","authors":"Karl Johnson","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telephonic Visits Program to Link Justice-Involved Individuals Diagnosed With HIV in Jail to Community HIV Care.","authors":"Harit Agroia, Kristin Walsh, Iliam Lopez, Rene Padilla","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Correctional facilities serve as a key location to identify and treat those with HIV given high rates of HIV seen in justice-involved individuals; however, substantial barriers exist to accessing HIV care in the community upon release. In response to restricted in-person activities due to COVID-19, the County of Santa Clara (SCC) Jail launched a telephonic visits program in January 2021 to link justice-involved individuals diagnosed with HIV to community HIV care following release. Telephonic visits were conducted by social workers from SCC Public Health Department; these visits entailed conducting an HIV needs assessment, providing education, and offering support services. Following release, individuals were contacted by phone to assist with scheduling appointments, refilling medications, and transportation to clinic appointments. Telephonic visits offered a new opportunity to support HIV linkage to care; connecting with individuals prior to release from jail may mitigate barriers in receiving ongoing HIV care in the community.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Medical-Legal Partnership Services and Cases.","authors":"Athena K Ramos, Maria Jose Sanchez Roman, Priscila Soto Prado, Karen Schmeits, Kerry Rodabaugh","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000002121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Medical-legal partnerships (MLPs) are innovative, promising models that integrate legal service providers and medical professionals to prevent, detect, and address legal, social, and economic needs arising from social inequities that may negatively impact health. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted health care systems across the United States. MLP workflows and legal services were also interrupted by COVID-19 infection prevention and control measures such as no-visitor policies, social distancing, and the cancellation of non-emergent or routine health care services.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We sought to describe the impact of COVID-19 on legal services provided by an MLP by exploring case types and services provided prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This is an examination of MLP services provided at a Midwestern academic medical center comparing data from three years prior to the pandemic (2017-2019) to three years during the pandemic (2020-2022).</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The MLP is a collaboration between the University of Nebraska Medical Center/Nebraska Medicine (an academic medical center) and Legal Aid of Nebraska and Iowa Legal Aid (legal service providers).</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Case data was drawn from individuals who were MLP patient-clients between 2017 and 2022.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>The main outcome measures were the number of cases and categories and types of legal services provided by the MLP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Consistent across time, we found that on average 494 cases were closed each year. Consumer/finance cases decreased significantly from pre-COVID-19 to during the pandemic, while family cases increased significantly during the pandemic. Cases related to income maintenance increased across time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Through the COVID-19 pandemic experience and understanding the case mix, MLPs and health care champions can be better prepared to understand some of the challenges that may occur and changes that may be necessary to better serve patient-clients during a public health emergency.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Test and Protect Program: A Data-Driven, Community-Engaged Approach to COVID-19 Testing Site Localization.","authors":"Andrew F Beck, Tiffany Mattingly, Cole Brokamp, Rashmi Sahay, Erika R Manning, Stuart Taylor, Pierce Kuhnell, Brian Kegley, Kiana Trabue, Peter A Margolis, Robert S Kahn, David M Hartley","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000001993","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000001993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the COVID-19 pandemic progressed, reliable, accessible, and equitable community-based testing strategies were sought that did not flood already overburdened hospitals and emergency departments. In Hamilton County, Ohio, home to ~800 000 people across urban, suburban, and rural areas, we sought to develop and optimize an accessible, equitable county-wide COVID-19 testing program. Using Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act funding, multidisciplinary, multiorganization partners created the test and protect program to deliver safe, reliable testing in neighborhoods and organizations needing it most. Our approach involved: (1) use of geospatial analytics to identify testing locations positioned to optimize access; (2) community engagement to ensure sites were in trusted places; and (3) tracking of data over time to facilitate ongoing improvement. Between August 2020 and December 2021, more than 65 000 tests were completed for nearly 46 000 individuals at community-based testing sites. These methods could have application beyond COVID-19 and our region.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"61-64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142337052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful Collaborations that Resulted in Increased U.S. Diagnostic Testing During the 2022 Mpox Outbreak.","authors":"Christina L Hutson, Julie Villanueva, Timothy Stenzel, Victoria A Olson, Noel Gerald, Rebecca McNall, Sean Courtney, Tricia Aden, Stacy Rager, Christina Egan, Patricia Blevins, Wendi Kuhnert, Whitni Davidson, Theodora Khan, Nicolle Baird, Chantal Kling, Susan Van Meter, Jasmine Chaitram, Reynolds M Salerno","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002024","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>The first case of mpox was detected in the United States in a Laboratory Response Network (LRN) laboratory at the Massachusetts Department of Public Health on May 17, 2022. Through previous years of smallpox preparedness efforts by the United States government, testing capacity in LRN laboratories across the United States utilizing the FDA-cleared Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Non-variola orthopoxvirus (NVO) test was approximately 6000 tests weekly across the nation prior to the mpox outbreak. By early June 2022, the LRN laboratories had capacity to perform up to 8000 tests per week. As the outbreak expanded, cases were identified in every United States state, peaking at ~3000 cases per week nationally in August 2022.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Although NVO testing capacity in LRN laboratories exceeded national mpox testing demand overall, LRN testing access in some areas was challenged and test expansion was necessary.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>CDC engaged with partners and select commercial laboratories early to increase diagnostic testing access by allowing these commercial laboratories to utilize the NVO test.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The expansion of testing to commercial laboratories increased testing availability, capacity, and volume nationwide. This was the first time that CDC shared an FDA 510k-cleared molecular test with commercial laboratories to support a public health emergency.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Extensive efforts were made to ensure the CDC NVO test was used appropriately in the private sector and that the transfer process met regulatory requirements.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures, results, conclusions: </strong>These novel methods to expand NVO testing to commercial laboratories increased national testing capacity to 80 000 mpox tests/week. Test volumes among these laboratories never exceeded this expanded capacity. The rapid increase in the nation's testing capacity, in conjunction and coordination with other public and private health efforts, helped to detect cases rapidly. These actions demonstrated the importance of highly functional and efficient public health and private sector partnerships for responding to public health emergencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"E1-E5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}