Journal of Public Health Management and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Public Health as Persuasion.","authors":"Karl Johnson","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002158","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002158","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"844-846"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Nutrition Literacy and Quality of Life in Adults With Chronic Diseases in Bengbu China.","authors":"Xiaoting Hu, Yuhui Sun, Xi Tian, Huaqing Liu","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002161","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Nutrition literacy (NL) reflects an individual's ability to make correct nutritional decisions, and nutrition is a factor influencing patients' quality of life (QOL).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the association between NL and QOL in adults with chronic diseases.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Chinese residents beginning in May 2023. Investigators, who were trained to follow standardized procedures, conducted individual, face-to-face interviews.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Bengbu City, Anhui Province, China.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A total of 1607 Chinese residents aged 18 and over.</p><p><strong>Main outcome and measures: </strong>A 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey was used to assess QOL and the short-form NL measurement tool to measure the NL. Ordinal logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between NL and QOL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1607 participants, compared to those in the first quartile of NL, individuals in the 4th quartile, characterized by higher NL, reported a significantly higher QOL, including physical component summary and mental component summary. For dimensions, nutrition knowledge, understanding, interactive, and critical skills were associated with QOL. Upon stratification, this association was evident exclusively in individuals with low monthly incomes, moderate to high physical activity levels, those living with others and 1 to 3 diseases. Additionally, there's synergistic association between NL and the number of diseases with QOL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings underscore that adequate NL is positively associated with better QOL in populations with chronic diseases, and the relationship varied by income, physical activity, living arrangements, and the number of diseases. Focusing on the NL of populations with chronic diseases might help provide a basis for dietary nutrition management and intervention to improve QOL in patients with chronic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"E303-E314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ABC of Life Expectancy.","authors":"Anthony Iton","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002159","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002159","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"856-858"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Health Investments: A Minimal Part of Nonprofit Hospital Community-Building Expenses.","authors":"Cory E Cronin, Kevin Chen, Catherine Chen, Cheyenne Fenstemaker, Elizabeth Cerceo","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002170","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Environmental impacts on human health are an urgent concern, requiring greater focus and action from health care organizations. Nonprofit hospitals can address community needs through investing in environmental improvement (EI) projects aimed at reducing harm to the community from environmental hazards. These expenditures provide a useful model for understanding how hospitals can respond to environmental influences on health, but national patterns of EI expenditures are under-researched.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess nationwide trends in nonprofit hospital EI spending from 2010 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Observational study using Internal Revenue Service tax data.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>US nonprofit hospitals.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>We assessed associations between reported EI spending and hospital organization and community characteristics (hospital revenue (quintiles); bed size (<50, 50-199, 200-399, 400 +); participation in group reporting (yes/no); teaching affiliation (yes/no); rurality status; geographic region (Northeast, Midwest, West, and South), and county poverty (quartile).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 36 093 nonprofit hospital-years included in our analysis. 10.4% of hospitals reported EI spending. EI spending was positively associated with higher revenue and being in the Midwest region and negatively associated with area poverty. The years 2020 and 2021 were significantly associated with a lower likelihood of spending relative to 2010. 40% of hospitals included utilized group reporting. Only 6% of independently reporting hospitals reported EI spending. Among hospital organizations with any reported community-building expenses, the percentage of their total operating budget dedicated to EI averaged 0.002% each year (0%-1.52%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Though EI investments are small relative to community-building spending, the characteristics of hospitals reporting these investments provide insight into EI trends over time and which hospitals are conducting these efforts. Future research should consider the specific gaps to stimulating EI, what environmental needs hospitals are equipped to fill, and their relevance to broader environmental health policies and initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"E258-E266"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144053355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organizational Leadership Competencies for Public Health System Governance: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Shinjini Mondal, Kian Rego, Garima Talwar Kapoor, Breanna K Wodnik, Madelyn P Law, Erica Di Ruggiero","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002169","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Organizational leadership is essential for adequate and stable financing, strong governance across jurisdictions and sectors, and a competent public health workforce for effective and resilient public health systems. While there have been some efforts to characterize leadership competencies at the individual level, more focus is needed to understand effective governance of public health organizations and systems through the lens of leadership competencies at the organizational level.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify organizational level leadership competencies for effective and equitable public health governance.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This scoping review included published academic literature from Scopus, Web of Science, Medline, and ProQuest and grey literature from Google Scholar, Canadian Government websites, Trove, FedSys, and Open Grey, published between 2004 and 2023. The search strategy focused on the concepts of governance, leadership, and pub-lic health organizations. An inductive-deductive approach informed the analysis using reflexive thematic analysis and a framework outlining the six functions of public health governance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 35 records were included for analysis; 22 academic and 13 grey literature records. This review identified 9 themes describing organizational leadership competencies for public health governance: 1) Systems thinking 2) Public policy development, implementation and evaluation, 3) Partnership and collaboration, 4) Equity and justice 5) Organizational learning, 6) Oversight, 7) Resource stewardship, 8) Legal authority, 9) Organizational ethics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This scoping review contributes to our understanding of the leadership competencies needed to enact and sustain effective governance at an organizational level. These identified themes and associated competencies can facilitate the creation of organizational culture and values that align with effective governance tenets in public health. Additional research is needed to further apply and contextualize these competencies in different countries and public health settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"795-805"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144276317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disability Inclusion in Local Public Health Community Health Assessments and Community Health Improvement Plans.","authors":"Haleigh Leslie, Kate Beatty, Dawn Rowe, Thomas Quade, Kailee Havrda, Casey P Balio","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002141","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To quantify and describe disability inclusion in community health assessments (CHAs) and community health improvement plans (CHIPs) at the local health department (LHD) level.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study uses a cross-sectional design of the 2019 NACCHO Profile and Public Health Accreditation Board-accredited LHD CHAs and CHIPs to quantify and describe disability inclusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Less than 25% of LHDs included a CHIP goal, objective, or activity that specifically includes people with disabilities. Having a disability partner as part of CHA and CHIP steering committees was associated with greater odds of including a CHIP goal, objective, or activity that includes people with disabilities (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 3.2, P =<.01) as were CHAs and CHIPs conducted by mixed groups of community partners (but not an official coalition) (aOR = 5.04, P = .005).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Given the role of CHAs and CHIPs in informing the work of public health, being disability inclusive in such materials is likely to reflect the activities of LHDs. However, disability inclusion and representation in CHAs and CHIPs are limited. These findings may help inform CHA and CHIP development processes and tools to increase disability inclusion efforts in public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"E276-E285"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reorganizing HHS: Doing It the Right Way.","authors":"Ronald O Valdiserri","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002178","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002178","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"763-765"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144592677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of Postal Mail and Text Message-Based Childhood and Adolescent Immunization Recall in Minnesota.","authors":"Naomi J Jiter, Taylor Campbell, Sydney K Kuramoto, Rachel Favero, Holly Kidrowski","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002180","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Evaluate the effectiveness and estimate the costs of postal mail and text message immunization recall methods.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Minnesota residents targeted for recall based on data from the Minnesota Immunization Information Connection.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Children (2-year-olds) and adolescents (13-year-olds) in Minnesota who are overdue for the routinely recommended vaccines in their respective age groups.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Eligible individuals were randomized into 3 groups (postal mail, text message, control) and received up to 3 rounds of immunization recall throughout 2023.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Receipt of at least 1 of the study vaccines by the end of the program; being on track for all study vaccines by the end of the program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adolescents receiving postal mail or text message recall were more likely to receive at least 1 study vaccine and be on track by the end of the intervention compared to the control group. In the childhood cohort, vaccine uptake was higher in the postal mail and text message groups after the first round of recall, but no differences between the 3 groups were observed after rounds 2 or 3. The postal mail group was 1.08 times more likely than those receiving text messages to be on track for both ages, although the total texting program costs were only 5.6% of the total postal mailing costs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Immunization recall is effective in improving vaccine uptake, particularly for the HPV vaccine. Although there is some evidence suggesting that texting is slightly less effective than postal mail, the cost savings far outweigh this difference.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"859-869"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144592678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indirect Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Well-Child Visits in Low-Income Children in Oklahoma.","authors":"Jessica Beetch, Amanda Janitz, Laura A Beebe, Chao Xu, Mary Gowin, Katrin Gaardbo Kuhn","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002144","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>During the COVID-19 pandemic, well-child visits were widely delayed or missed. Delays in routine care are more likely for low-income individuals and families who already face barriers to attending visits. Studies in the literature indicate declines in well-child visits during the pandemic but few have focused on low-income children and none have examined children in Oklahoma.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate changes in well-child visit attendance during the COVID-19 pandemic in low-income children residing in Oklahoma.</p><p><strong>Design and setting: </strong>This retrospective cohort study used data from the Oklahoma Health Care Authority before COVID-19 emergence (March 1, 2017-July 31, 2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (March 1, 2020-July 31, 2022).</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>We studied children under 1 year of age attending well-child visits.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>We calculated percentage change in the total number of well-child visits before and during the pandemic, including different phases and months during the pandemic. Log-binomial regression was performed with unique children who attended 6 or more well-child visits or less than 6 well-child visits before COVID-19 emergence or during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analyzed 194 126 children under 1 year of age attending 778 483 well-child visits. There was a 10.43% decrease in the total number of well-child visits during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before it began, with a 5.18% decrease during the initial impact phase, 5.99% decrease during the initial recovery phase, 1.14% decrease during Delta variant predominance, and 13.79% decrease during Omicron variant predominance. Besides American Indian children, all other races were less likely to attend 6 or more well-child visits during the pandemic compared to before it began.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We observed declines in well-child visits during the COVID-19 pandemic with evident racial disparities. Catch-up efforts are essential to return to pre-pandemic levels of well-child visit attendance.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"737-745"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12279459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who Is Leaving the Emergency Medical Services Workforce?","authors":"Kyla F Woodward, Christopher S Hanson, Bianca K Frogner, Davis G Patterson","doi":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002175","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHH.0000000000002175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore sociodemographic characteristics, work characteristics, and job movements among the emergency medical services (EMS) workforce.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This cross-sectional retrospective study examined changes in the size and characteristics of the EMS workforce overall and among \"leavers\" (those who left the workforce) in the pre-pandemic (2018-2020) and post-pandemic (2021-2023) periods.</p><p><strong>Settings: </strong>United States labor force.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Respondents to the 2018-2023 Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure: </strong>Whether an individual stayed in or left an EMS occupation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among an annual average of 247 410 working EMS clinicians over the 6-year period, descriptive analyses showed an increase in leaver rates from 16.0% to 23.2%. American Indian/Alaska Native/Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, Asian, and Black EMS clinicians had significantly higher leaver rates than mixed race or White groups, as did clinicians who were not US-born citizens. In the regression analysis, race was the only significant predictor of leaving such that Asian and Black clinicians were significantly more likely to leave EMS jobs than clinicians of other racial backgrounds. A significantly increased number of clinicians exited the workforce altogether, and those that remained in the workforce in non-EMS occupations shifted from working in hospital or public administration settings to working in other health sectors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study shows a high rate of leavers in the EMS workforce with higher rates of leaving among diverse clinicians throughout the study period. Policies designed to mitigate turnover in the EMS workforce are needed, particularly those that support the retention of diverse EMS clinicians.</p>","PeriodicalId":47855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Management and Practice","volume":" ","pages":"818-827"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}