Sven M. Kasser, Kevin N. Lala, Laura Fortunato, Marcus W. Feldman
{"title":"Not by Selection Alone: Expanding the Scope of Gene-Culture Coevolution","authors":"Sven M. Kasser, Kevin N. Lala, Laura Fortunato, Marcus W. Feldman","doi":"10.1002/evan.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gene-culture coevolution (GCC)—an ambitious synthesis of biological and social sciences is often used to explain the evolution of key human traits. Despite the framework's broad conceptual appeal however, empirical evidence is often perceived as limited to a few key examples like lactase persistence. We argue this apparent gap between theoretical appeal and empirical evidence stems from conceptual ambiguities regarding the scope of relevant gene-culture interactions. Drawing on recent work in animal gene-culture coevolution and human genomics, we propose a “broad” approach that formally incorporates drift and migration alongside natural selection. This builds upon and subsumes the existing “narrow” framework focused on selection. Through case studies of skin pigmentation evolution and gift-exchange network influences on genetic variation in Melanesia, we demonstrate how cultural factors shape both adaptive and neutral genetic variation and population structure. This integrative perspective accommodates diverse empirical findings while opening new avenues for research in human evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":47849,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Anthropology","volume":"34 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/evan.70007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptive Responses to Adversity Drive Innovation in Human Evolutionary History","authors":"Nicole M. Herzog, Kathryn Demps","doi":"10.1002/evan.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thinking is costly. Nonetheless, humans develop novel solutions to problems and share that knowledge prosocially. We propose that adversity, not prosperity, created a dependence on innovation in our ancestors who were forced through fitness valleys to develop new behaviors, which shaped our life history characteristics and a new evolutionary trajectory. Driven by competitive exclusion into novel habitats, and unable to reduce costs associated with finding appropriate food sources once there, our Pliocene ancestors adopted a diet different from our forest-dwelling great ape cousins. In a reimagining of classic foraging models we outline how those individuals, pushed into an ecotone with lower fitness, climbed out of the fitness valley by shifting to a diet dependent on extractive foraging. By reducing handling costs through gregarious foraging and emergent technology, our ancestors would have been able to find new optima on the fitness landscape, decreasing mortality by reducing risk and increasing returns, leading to extended life cycles and social reliance.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47849,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Anthropology","volume":"34 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144606613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cultural Incentive Learning: How Culture Shapes Acquisition of Values","authors":"Francesco Rigoli, Jack Lennon","doi":"10.1002/evan.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although research on human values is abundant, it has so far neglected a crucial question: what are the psychological mechanisms whereby culture shapes people's values? To address this, the manuscript introduces a framework examining how culture shapes the acquisition of values, a process referred to as <i>cultural incentive learning</i>. The proposal is that cultural incentive learning mediates the influence exerted by the structure of society upon people's values. According to the framework, when the social structure changes, certain forms of learning (i.e., conditioned reinforcement) are elicited which promote value change. Simultaneously, other forms of learning, which are based on imitating other people's behavior, pull toward the preservation of previous values, ensuring that value change is not too precipitous and that group cooperation is maintained. Applying these principles to cultural evolution, the paper develops a theory of how values evolve over history, a process we label <i>Value Evolution</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":47849,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Anthropology","volume":"34 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/evan.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alex Tsompanidis, Graham J. Burton, Simon Baron-Cohen, Robin I. M. Dunbar
{"title":"The Placental Steroid Hypothesis of Human Brain Evolution","authors":"Alex Tsompanidis, Graham J. Burton, Simon Baron-Cohen, Robin I. M. Dunbar","doi":"10.1002/evan.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The evolution of the human brain has long been framed in terms of sexual selection, with an emphasis on consistent but small on-average volumetric differences between males and females. In this review, we present new molecular, genetic and clinical findings regarding neurodevelopment, cortical expansion and the production of sex steroid hormones, such as testosterone and oestradiol, by the placenta during pregnancy. We discuss converging evidence that on-average sex differences are relevant for human evolution but are characterised by significant overlap between the sexes and more adaptations in female, rather than male, physiology. We also consider recent accounts and modelling of evolutionary pressures in large social groups, regarding competition and fertility. Finally, we bring these findings together and present a novel hypothesis for understanding human brain development and evolution, which emphasises the role of sex steroid hormones, their prenatal production by the placenta and their roles in regulating physiology, fertility and cognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":47849,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Anthropology","volume":"34 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/evan.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144323605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to “Targeting the Hunting Hypothesis: Review of Evidence From the Hadza”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/evan.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>O'Connell, J. F., K. Hawkes, and N. B. Jones, “Targeting the Hunting Hypothesis: Review of Evidence From the Hadza,” <i>Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews</i> 34 (2025): e70002, http://doi.org/10.1002/evan.70002.</p><p>In the published version of this article, the departmental affiliations of authors were incorrect.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":47849,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Anthropology","volume":"34 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/evan.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144281623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
James F. O'Connell, Kristen Hawkes, Nicholas Blurton Jones
{"title":"Targeting the Hunting Hypothesis: Review of Evidence From the Hadza","authors":"James F. O'Connell, Kristen Hawkes, Nicholas Blurton Jones","doi":"10.1002/evan.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The <i>hunting hypothesis</i> holds that ancestral human males favored their own mates and children in sharing meat gained from big game hunting, a practice said to have led to the origin of nuclear families and related changes in life history. Data from East African Hadza hunter-gatherers operating in an environment like that prevalent when and where <i>Homo</i> evolved contradict key elements of this idea. An alternative model, the <i>grandmother hypothesis</i>, holds that senior women's foraging and food sharing led to life history changes that favored mate guarding, not paternal provisioning, in the formation of nuclear family-like social units. Relevant data and theory are reviewed and evaluated.</p>","PeriodicalId":47849,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Anthropology","volume":"34 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/evan.70002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mathilde Lequin, Thomas Colard, Antony Colombo, Adeline Le Cabec, Floriane Remy, Alexandra Schuh
{"title":"Investigating Development in Human Evolution: Specificities, Challenges, and Opportunities","authors":"Mathilde Lequin, Thomas Colard, Antony Colombo, Adeline Le Cabec, Floriane Remy, Alexandra Schuh","doi":"10.1002/evan.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Unlike developmental biologists, paleoanthropologists primarily investigate development using skeletal remains, specifically fossilized and already-formed bones and teeth. Focusing on peri- and/or postnatal growth, they reconstruct development from fragmented “snapshots” of individual trajectories at various ontogenetic stages. These constraints prompt a discussion of what defines development versus growth, and its boundaries in studies of hominin evolution. We explore how paleoanthropologists address the limitations of the fossil record by using diverse methodological and theoretical frameworks to identify developmental markers despite missing data. Finally, we discuss the potential of the “Extended Evolutionary Synthesis,” which calls for a greater focus on developmental processes in interpreting phenotypic variation in the fossil record.</p>","PeriodicalId":47849,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Anthropology","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/evan.70001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrea B. Taylor, Megan A. Holmes, Myra F. Laird, Claire E. Terhune
{"title":"Jaw-Muscle Structure and Function in Primates: Insights Into Muscle Performance and Feeding-System Behaviors","authors":"Andrea B. Taylor, Megan A. Holmes, Myra F. Laird, Claire E. Terhune","doi":"10.1002/evan.22053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.22053","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The jaw-adductor muscles drive the movements and forces associated with primate feeding behaviors such as biting and chewing as well as social signaling behaviors such as wide-mouth canine display. The past several decades have seen a rise in research aimed at the anatomy and physiology of primate chewing muscles to better understand the functional and evolutionary significance of the primate masticatory apparatus. This review summarizes variation in jaw-adductor fiber types and muscle architecture in primates, focusing on physiological, architectural, and behavioral performance variables such as specific tension, fatigue resistance, muscle and bite force, and muscle stretch and gape. <i>Paranthropu</i>s and <i>Australopithecus</i> are used as one paleontological example to showcase the importance of these data for addressing paleobiological questions. The high degree of morphological variation related to sex, age, muscle, and species suggests future research should bracket ranges of performance variables rather than focus on single estimates of performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":47849,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Anthropology","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/evan.22053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Birth of Paranthropus","authors":"Bernard Wood, Daniel Biggs","doi":"10.1002/evan.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Robert Broom, who is best known among vertebrate paleontologists for his research on mammal-like reptiles, was drawn into paleoanthropology because of his defense of Raymond Dart's interpretation of the Taung infant skull. Our contribution documents Robert Broom's background, his life and career, and how he became directly involved with human origins research in South Africa in the second and third decades of the 20thC. It focuses on the circumstances surrounding Broom's interest in what was being recovered at Sterkfontein, how Broom “discovered” the site of Kromdraai, and the fossil evidence that led to his 1938 paper announcing the discovery of a new hominin genus and species, <i>Paranthropus robustus</i>. It also summarizes subsequent discoveries assigned to <i>P. robustus</i>, and developments in interpretations of its evolutionary history. Broom was a complex character who combined remarkably “modern” interpretations of the early hominin fossil record, with decidedly idiosyncratic views about science and evolution, and attitudes to modern human variation that were overtly racist.</p>","PeriodicalId":47849,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Anthropology","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/evan.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Isabel August, Pascal Gagneux, Katerina Semendeferi, Maria Carolina Marchetto
{"title":"Evolution of Human Susceptibility to Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of Hypotheses and Comparative Evidence","authors":"Isabel August, Pascal Gagneux, Katerina Semendeferi, Maria Carolina Marchetto","doi":"10.1002/evan.22054","DOIUrl":"10.1002/evan.22054","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Primates rely on memory to navigate both physical and social environments and in humans, loss of memory function leads to devastating consequences. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease which begins by impacting memory functioning and is ultimately fatal. AD is common across human populations and its prevalence is predicted to rise with increases in the aging population. Despite this, the full AD phenotype has not been observed in any other nonhuman primate species. While a significant amount of research has been devoted to understanding the immediate mechanisms involved in AD pathogenesis in humans, less research has focused on why humans are particularly vulnerable to neurodegenerative diseases like AD. Here we explore hypotheses on the evolution of distinct human susceptibility to AD and place these in the context of findings from comparative neuroanatomical and molecular studies and discuss recent evidence for evolutionary changes protective against AD in the primate lineage.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47849,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Anthropology","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}