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Numbers on the Visigothic Slates: A Cognitive Approach. 西哥特石板上的数字：一种认知方法。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Topics in Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1111/tops.70014
Nerea Fernández Cadenas
{"title":"Numbers on the Visigothic Slates: A Cognitive Approach.","authors":"Nerea Fernández Cadenas","doi":"10.1111/tops.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Numerical notation found on multiple slates from Early Medieval Visigothic Iberia remains undeciphered. Previous studies have proposed that they simply represent Roman numerals. However, the comparative study of the numbers on the written and numerical slates suggests that they do not in fact represent the same graphic code. This paper analyzes the use of the numbers on these slates through the lens of human cognitive architecture and cognitive extension. The results of the study suggest that the Roman numerals on the written slates coexist alongside the notational system used on the numerical slates rather than that both types belonging to the same system. Whereas written slates worked as asynchronous code to facilitate dual communication, numerical slates could be used as a memory aid to assist with individual cognition. These results shed important light on who was using numerals in early medieval Iberia and for what purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47822,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Cognitive Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Toward a Deeper Lexical Semantics. 走向更深层次的词汇语义。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Topics in Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1111/tops.70013
Ray S Jackendoff, Katrin E Erk
{"title":"Toward a Deeper Lexical Semantics.","authors":"Ray S Jackendoff, Katrin E Erk","doi":"10.1111/tops.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A recurrent problem in lexical semantics is how \"deep\" the analysis of words and phrases should be. We argue for a deeper analysis of lexical meanings and for relatively rich representations. In particular, we argue that meanings do not form a homogeneous class of mental representations. Rather, they draw on intricate combinations of material from a number of independent domains, each with its own computational affordances. Also, many words can only be characterized in terms of larger frames of knowledge. Frames often encode cultural conventions, as in the case of shortstop, which can only be understood in the context of the frame of the description of a baseball game. In other words, the system of word meanings is heterogeneous in two ways: in terms of domains and in terms of the forms of representation.</p>","PeriodicalId":47822,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Cognitive Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
"Is This Edible Anyway?" The Impact of Culture on the Evolution (and Devolution) of Mushroom Knowledge. “这到底能不能吃？”文化对蘑菇知识进化（和转移）的影响。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Topics in Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1111/tops.70011
Andrea Bender, Åge Oterhals
{"title":"\"Is This Edible Anyway?\" The Impact of Culture on the Evolution (and Devolution) of Mushroom Knowledge.","authors":"Andrea Bender, Åge Oterhals","doi":"10.1111/tops.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mushrooms are a ubiquitous and essential component in our biological environment and have been of interest to humans around the globe for millennia. Knowledge about mushrooms represents a prime example of cumulative culture, one of the key processes in human evolution. Based on a review of available research, we argue that the cognitive mechanisms of cultural transmission impact this knowledge in a twofold manner. First and foremost, they secure the accumulation of (folk-)mycological knowledge, with the principal objective to capture reliable information on edibility and means for safe distinction. However, they also shape attitudes toward mushrooms, practices involved in foraging and consumption, and appraisals of edibility in distinct ways, with even regression and eventual loss of knowledge as one possible outcome. In using the domain of mushrooms as an example for expounding this dual role that culture plays during knowledge transmission, our paper contributes to theoretical debates around the cognitive and cultural mechanisms involved in human evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":47822,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Cognitive Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Open-Ended Technological Evolution: The Co-Evolution of Invention and Cognitive Technologies. 开放式技术进化：发明与认知技术的共同进化。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Topics in Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1111/tops.70012
Mathieu Charbonneau
{"title":"Open-Ended Technological Evolution: The Co-Evolution of Invention and Cognitive Technologies.","authors":"Mathieu Charbonneau","doi":"10.1111/tops.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cumulative evolution of technology has proven central to our species' ecological success, allowing for cultural rather than biological adaptation to environmental challenges. While cumulative improvement explains how specific technological traditions can get increasingly better at solving pre-existing adaptive problems, it remains fundamentally an optimization process, one which halts when an optimal solution is found. Yet, humans are also capable of open-ended or evolvable technological change, that is, we have the capacity for generating novel and useful technological solutions for an ever-expanding set of increasingly complex problems. How novel problems of increasing complexity are accessed, however, remains an open issue. Here, I argue that human open-ended technological evolution emerges from the cultural evolutionary bootstrapping of our inventive capabilities through cognitive technologies. By inventing technologies that enhance our cognitive capabilities, we become able to invent technologies that would have been impossible to design using only our core (noncultural) cognitive abilities. These inventions include further empowering cognitive technologies, creating a feedback loop through which inventors become increasingly capable of making themselves even more capable inventors. I propose a model for how the cultural evolution of increasingly sophisticated cognitive technologies enables access to previously unreachable invention problems, driving open-ended technological change. This process differs from cumulative optimization as it involves expanding the range of problems that can be solved (evolvability) rather than optimizing solutions to existing problems (adaptation). This paper contributes to our understanding of human technological uniqueness by identifying a mechanism enabling open-ended cultural evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":47822,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Cognitive Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Knowledge Spillover, Trust, Effort, and Error Exposure in Peer-Assisted Learning. 同伴辅助学习中的知识溢出、信任、努力与错误暴露。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Topics in Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-05-20 DOI: 10.1111/tops.70009
Ion Juvina, Jarean Carson, Preston Menke, Peter Crowe, Chi Hang Wong, Hannah McNett
{"title":"Knowledge Spillover, Trust, Effort, and Error Exposure in Peer-Assisted Learning.","authors":"Ion Juvina, Jarean Carson, Preston Menke, Peter Crowe, Chi Hang Wong, Hannah McNett","doi":"10.1111/tops.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peer-assisted learning has the potential to improve learning in academic settings and beyond. However, the cognitive and motivational mechanisms of learning through interaction with other learners are not fully understood. Here, we present an empirical study in which we compare a peer-assisted learning condition with two individual learning conditions. The empirical findings suggest that both positive and negative peer effects occurred. On the positive side, learners placed in a peer-assisted learning condition allocated more time to practice and they benefited from selectively interacting with the more knowledgeable peers. On the negative side, error exposure and increased cognitive load may have hindered learning in the peer-assisted learning condition. A computational cognitive model developed in the ACT-R cognitive architecture is presented and used to explain the mechanisms of knowledge spillover, trust, and error exposure. This research has implications for designing collaborative learning protocols to increase human collective intelligence and designing artificial intelligence systems that can support human-machine teaming.</p>","PeriodicalId":47822,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Cognitive Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Parallel Architecture: From Problems and Mysteries to Solutions and Explanations. 并行架构：从问题和谜团到解决方案和解释。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Topics in Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-05-20 DOI: 10.1111/tops.70010
Peter W Culicover, Giuseppe Varaschin
{"title":"Parallel Architecture: From Problems and Mysteries to Solutions and Explanations.","authors":"Peter W Culicover, Giuseppe Varaschin","doi":"10.1111/tops.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We argue that Jackendoff's Parallel Architecture (PA) is the right way to think about the architecture of the language faculty. The critical property of this architecture is that it allows for genuine explanation by allocating different aspects of linguistic phenomena to appropriate corresponding representations and capacities. The PA forms the basis of a minimalist explanatory program for linguistic theory in the form of Simpler Syntax, emphasizing its constructional approach to syntax and the independence of semantics, phonology, and nonlinguistic cognitive systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":47822,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Cognitive Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Living in the Mycelial World: A global cross-cultural ethnomycological review. 生活在菌丝世界：全球跨文化人种学回顾。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Topics in Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1111/tops.70003
Roope O Kaaronen
{"title":"Living in the Mycelial World: A global cross-cultural ethnomycological review.","authors":"Roope O Kaaronen","doi":"10.1111/tops.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This manuscript documents a systematic ethnomycological analysis of ethnographic archives. Focusing on texts describing human-fungi interactions, I conduct a global, cross-cultural review of mushroom use, covering 193 societies worldwide. The study reveals diverse mushroom-related cultural practices, emphasizing the significance of fungi beyond culinary value to include domains such as rituals, medicine, folklore, and fire-making. Special attention is given to exploring how mushrooms and their foraging involve human cognition. The findings also expose a lack of detail in descriptions of human-mushroom relations. Ethnomycology continues to receive limited attention, largely due to Western mycophobic biases. This highlights the need for expanded ethnomycological research to enrich our understanding of past and present human encounters with the fungal kingdom.</p>","PeriodicalId":47822,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Cognitive Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Time Tools. 时间的工具。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Topics in Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1111/tops.70005
Kensy Cooperrider
{"title":"Time Tools.","authors":"Kensy Cooperrider","doi":"10.1111/tops.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many core human activities require an understanding of time. To coordinate rituals, plan harvests and hunts, recall histories, keep appointments, and follow recipes, we need to grapple with invisible temporal structures like durations, sequences, and cycles. No other species seems to do this. But it is not a capacity we humans have because we developed special neural equipment over biological evolution. We have it because we developed concepts, practices, and artifacts to help us-in short, because we developed time tools. The overarching function of such tools is that they render time more concrete: they identify structure in the flow of experience and make that structure available to the senses. By concretizing time in this way, these tools serve a range of practical purposes, from tallying and measuring, to coordinating and predicting, to remembering and reasoning. Beyond their practical utility, time tools have further consequences, too: they reverberate through cognition and culture, and ultimately reshape our understanding of what time is.</p>","PeriodicalId":47822,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Cognitive Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cosmovision as Cognitive Technology: The Case of Mesoamerican Medicinal Knowledge. 作为认知技术的宇宙观：以中美洲医学知识为例。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Topics in Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1111/tops.70008
Johan De Smedt, Helen De Cruz
{"title":"Cosmovision as Cognitive Technology: The Case of Mesoamerican Medicinal Knowledge.","authors":"Johan De Smedt, Helen De Cruz","doi":"10.1111/tops.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We examine the use of cognitive technologies in the acquisition and retention of botanical and medicinal knowledge. We focus on the Cruz-Badianus codex, a 16th-century Nahua (Aztec) herbarium which discusses the use of plants for a range of illnesses. We show how the codex reflects the Mesoamerican cosmovision, in particular, the association of the human body and cosmos, and the polarity and balance of hot and cold. We hypothesize that the cosmological and philosophical ideas that underlie the medicinal uses prescribed in the codex are not incidental, but rather help to scaffold knowledge, retain in memory successful remedies, and aid the transmission of information.</p>","PeriodicalId":47822,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Cognitive Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
COHUMAIN: Building the Socio-Cognitive Architecture of Collective Human-Machine Intelligence. 构建集体人机智能的社会认知架构。
IF 2.9 2区 心理学
Topics in Cognitive Science Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-18 DOI: 10.1111/tops.12673
Cleotilde Gonzalez, Henny Admoni, Scott Brown, Anita Williams Woolley
{"title":"COHUMAIN: Building the Socio-Cognitive Architecture of Collective Human-Machine Intelligence.","authors":"Cleotilde Gonzalez, Henny Admoni, Scott Brown, Anita Williams Woolley","doi":"10.1111/tops.12673","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tops.12673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, we have experienced rapid development of advanced technology, machine learning, and artificial intelligence (AI), intended to interact with and augment the abilities of humans in practically every area of life. With the rapid growth of new capabilities, such as those enabled by generative AI (e.g., ChatGPT), AI is increasingly at the center of human communication and collaboration, resulting in a growing recognition of the need to understand how humans and AI can integrate their inputs in collaborative teams. However, there are many unanswered questions regarding how human-AI collective intelligence will emerge and what the barriers might be. Truly integrated collaboration between humans and intelligent agents may result in a different way of working that looks nothing like what we know now, and it is important to keep the essential goal of human societal well-being and prosperity a priority. In this special issue, we begin to scope out the underpinnings of a socio-cognitive architecture for Collective HUman-MAchine INtelligence (COHUMAIN), which is the study of the capability of an integrated human and machine (i.e., intelligent technology) system to achieve goals in a wide range of environments. This topic consists of nine papers including a description of the conceptual foundation for a socio-cognitive architecture for COHUMAIN, empirical tests of some aspects of this architecture, research on proposed representations of intelligent agents that can jointly interact with humans, empirical tests of human-human and human-machine interactions, and philosophical and ethical issues to consider as we develop these systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":47822,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Cognitive Science","volume":" ","pages":"180-188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9661585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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