Ssm-Population Health最新文献

{"title":"Pathways explaining racial/ethnic and socio-economic disparities in brain white matter integrity outcomes in the UK Biobank study","authors":"Jordan Weiss ,&nbsp;May A. Beydoun ,&nbsp;Hind A. Beydoun ,&nbsp;Michael F. Georgescu ,&nbsp;Yi-Han Hu ,&nbsp;Nicole Noren Hooten ,&nbsp;Sri Banerjee ,&nbsp;Lenore J. Launer ,&nbsp;Michele K. Evans ,&nbsp;Alan B. Zonderman","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pathways explaining racial/ethnic and socio-economic status (SES) disparities in white matter integrity (WMI) reflecting brain health, remain underexplored, particularly in the UK population. We examined racial/ethnic and SES disparities in diffusion tensor brain magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) markers, namely global and tract-specific mean fractional anisotropy (FA), and tested total, direct and indirect effects through lifestyle, health-related and cognition factors using a structural equations modeling approach among 36,184 UK Biobank participants aged 40–70 y at baseline assessment (47% men). Multiple linear regression models were conducted, testing independent associations of race/ethnicity, socio-economic and other downstream factors in relation to global mean FA, while stratifying by Alzheimer’s Disease polygenic Risk Score (AD PRS) tertiles. Race (Non-White vs. White) and lower SES predicted poorer WMI (i.e. lower global mean FA) at follow-up, with racial/ethnic disparities in FA_mean involving multiple pathways and SES playing a central role in those pathways. Mediational patterns differed across tract-specific FA outcomes, with SES-FA_mean total effect being partially mediated (41% of total effect = indirect effect). Furthermore, the association of poor cognition with FA_mean was markedly stronger in the two uppermost AD PRS tertiles compared to the lower tertile (T₂ and T₃: β±SE: −0.0009 ± 0.0001 vs. T₁: β±SE: −0.0005 ± 0.0001, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), independently of potentially confounding factors. Race and lower SES were generally important determinants of adverse WMI outcomes, with partial mediation of socio-economic disparities in global mean FA through lifestyle, health-related and cognition factors. The association of poor cognition with lower global mean FA was stronger at higher AD polygenic risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101655"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000557/pdfft?md5=3d2b60e90cfd61622022e0c3f4ef2c13&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000557-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140209160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the number of new takeaway food outlets associated with adoption of management zones around schools: A natural experimental evaluation in England","authors":"John Rahilly ,&nbsp;Ben Amies-Cull ,&nbsp;Michael Chang ,&nbsp;Steven Cummins ,&nbsp;Daniel Derbyshire ,&nbsp;Suzan Hassan ,&nbsp;Yuru Huang ,&nbsp;Matthew Keeble ,&nbsp;Bochu Liu ,&nbsp;Antonieta Medina-Lara ,&nbsp;Oliver Mytton ,&nbsp;Nina Rogers ,&nbsp;Bea Savory ,&nbsp;Annie Schiff ,&nbsp;Stephen J. Sharp ,&nbsp;Richard Smith ,&nbsp;Claire Thompson ,&nbsp;Martin White ,&nbsp;Jean Adams ,&nbsp;Thomas Burgoine","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>By the end of 2017, 35 local authorities (LAs) across England had adopted takeaway management zones (or “exclusion zones”) around schools as a means to curb proliferation of new takeaways. In this nationwide, natural experimental study, we evaluated the impact of management zones on takeaway retail, including unintended displacement of takeaways to areas immediately beyond management zones, and impacts on chain fast-food outlets. We used uncontrolled interrupted time series analyses to estimate changes from up to six years pre- and post-adoption of takeaway management zones around schools. We evaluated three outcomes: mean number of new takeaways within management zones (and by three identified sub-types: full management, town centre exempt and time management zones); mean number on the periphery of management zones (i.e. within an additional 100 m of the edge of zones); and presence of new chain fast-food outlets within management zones. For 26 LAs, we observed an overall decrease in the number of new takeaways opening within management zones. Six years post-intervention, we observed 0.83 (95% CI -0.30, −1.03) fewer new outlets opening per LA than would have been expected in absence of the intervention, equivalent to an 81.0% (95% CI -29.1, −100) reduction in the number of new outlets. Cumulatively, 12 (54%) fewer new takeaways opened than would have been expected over the six-year post-intervention period. When stratified by policy type, effects were most prominent for full management zones and town centre exempt zones. Estimates of intervention effects on numbers of new takeaways on the periphery of management zones, and on the presence of new chain fast-food outlets within management zones, did not meet statistical significance. Our findings suggest that management zone policies were able to demonstrably curb the proliferation of new takeaways. Modelling studies are required to measure the possible population health impacts associated with this change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101646"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000466/pdfft?md5=9d016a3f193270992db66cfc1421e917&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000466-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"County-level political group density, partisan polarization, and individual-level mortality among adults in the United States: A lagged multilevel study","authors":"Sameera S. Nayak ,&nbsp;Timothy Fraser ,&nbsp;Daniel P. Aldrich ,&nbsp;Costas Panagopoulos ,&nbsp;Daniel Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate the associations between county-level political group density, partisan polarization, and individual-level mortality from all causes and from coronary heart disease (CHD) in the United States.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using data from five survey waves (1998–2006) of the General Social Survey-National Death Index dataset and the County Presidential Election Return 2000 dataset, we fit weighted Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the associations between (1) political group density and (2) partisan polarization measured at the county level in 2000 (n = 313 counties) categorized into quartiles with individual-level mortality (n = 14,983 participants) from all causes and CHD, controlling for individual- and county-level factors. Maximum follow-up was from one year after the survey up until 2014. We conducted these analyses using two separate measures based on county-level vote share differences and party affiliation ideological extremes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the overall sample, we found no evidence of associations between county-level political group density and individual-level mortality from all causes. There was evidence of a 13% higher risk of dying from heart disease in the highest quartile of county-level polarization (hazards ratio, HR = 1.13; 95% CI = 0.74–1.71). We observed heterogeneity of effects based on individual-level political affiliation. Among those identifying as Democrats, residing in counties with high (vs. low) levels of polarization appeared to be protective against mortality, with an associated 18% lower risk of dying from all causes (HR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.71–0.94). This association was strongest in areas with the highest concentrations of Democrats.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Among all study participants, political group density and polarization at the county level in 2000 were not linked to individual-level mortality. At the same time, we found that Democratic party affiliation may be protective against the adverse effects of high polarization, particularly in counties with high concentrations of Democrats. Future research should further explore these associations to potentially identify new structural interventions to address political determinants of population health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101662"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000636/pdfft?md5=04bc4dfd3147f5e3d43c30cf50f9583d&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000636-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of individual deprivation and community-level deprivation on suicidal behaviors: Insights from the UK Biobank study","authors":"Kwanghyun Kim ,&nbsp;Doo Woong Lee ,&nbsp;Sun Jae Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>This study aimed to investigate the impact of individual- and community-level deprivation on suicidal behaviors among community members.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data from 350,884 UK Biobank participants were employed to construct an individual deprivation index. Absolute poverty was defined as a pre-tax annual household income below ₤18,000. Predictors for absolute poverty incorporated variables such as sex, ethnicity, type of accommodation, tenure status, number of vehicles owned, educational qualifications, current employment status, and subjective health rating. The individual deprivation index was constructed using a logistic regression model to predict absolute poverty. Townsend Deprivation Index (TDI) was employed to represent community-level deprivation. The associations between the individual deprivation index, TDI, and suicidal behaviors were examined through multivariate linear regression. Interaction analyses were conducted to investigate effect modification.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The logistic regression model demonstrated high predictive accuracy for absolute poverty (area under the receiver operating curve = 0.840). The associations between individual deprivation index and suicidal behaviors were observed to be more substantial than those between TDI and suicidal behaviors. A positive interaction between the individual deprivation index and TDI was detected, indicating an amplifying effect of community-level deprivation on the impact of individual-level deprivation on suicidal behaviors.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our study successfully constructed a comprehensive individual deprivation index that could be applied widely to measure individual-level deprivation. Our findings revealed that individual-level deprivation and community-level deprivation have a synergistic effect on suicidal behaviors, underscoring the importance of multilevel interventions in suicide prevention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101654"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000545/pdfft?md5=f26623ecce3cbc750abc4fb7ada489fa&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000545-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140163260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How does empowering men affect intimate partner violence? Evidence from Bangladesh","authors":"Andrew Francis-Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper investigates the relationship between women's and men's empowerment and intimate partner violence (IPV). To do so, it uses a sample of 4548 households with a husband and a wife who are present in two or three rounds of the Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey (BIHS). Measures of empowerment are constructed separately and symmetrically for husbands and wives. Conditional fixed-effects logistic regressions are employed to examine the statistical association between measures of empowerment and intimate partner violence. Findings indicate that IPV is widespread in rural Bangladesh, as 67.6% and 22.4% of households report experiencing verbal and physical IPV, respectively, in at least one round. Husbands tend to be more empowered than their wives in most, but not all, dimensions. Yet, even in dimensions of empowerment dominated by men on average, the percentage of households in which individual wives are more empowered than their husbands is notable. In regressions, some measures of men's empowerment (e.g., ownership of assets) are negatively associated with verbal and any IPV. Some measures of women's empowerment (e.g., community influence) are associated with verbal, physical, and any IPV, but the signs are mixed. All in all, the findings suggest that men's empowerment may be a determinant of intimate partner violence in rural Bangladesh, and they also underscore the need to extend theories of empowerment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101656"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000569/pdfft?md5=05eb236dedfc82312728cc6646830e5a&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000569-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140160947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the impact of Co-residence with a daughter-in-law on older adult health in China: Evidence from a frailty index-based study","authors":"Juan Luo,&nbsp;Ben Li,&nbsp;Jiarong Li,&nbsp;Zhenpeng Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The increasing geriatric population and variation in the disease spectrum among older adults in China contribute to a growing demand for more aged adult care in Chinese society. Relevant studies have shown that living arrangements with various family members have variable impacts on the older adult's health. This study employs the Frailty Index as a unified measurement standard to assess the overall health levels, integrating the specific “in-law relationships” into the research on living arrangements and the health of older adults.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study used data from the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey 2016–2018. OLS and Quantile Regression were used to investigate the in-law relationship on older adult health and whether this impact is homogeneous across older individuals with varying infirmity levels. The study used a lag model and propensity score matching to compensate for potential endogeneity concerns.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study found that residing with a daughter-in-law (20.22%) had a significant positive correlation with the frailty index (β=0.0088, P＜0.001), indicating that the relationship between parents-in-law and daughters-in-law can influence the health of the older adult. This impact is nonlinear and non-homogeneous for older adult people with various levels of frailty, exhibiting an approximately decreasing and then increasing U-shaped distribution, which denotes that older adult people with different health conditions have distinct demands for intergenerational care. In addition, this impact varies among older adult groups of disparate genders, urban and rural areas, and age groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study investigates the impact of “in-law relationships” within living arrangements on the health of older adults. It shows that co-residing with a daughter-in-law has adverse effects on the health of older adults. Therefore, the study suggests that when the health and economic conditions of the elderly permit, a “live-near-but-not-with” living arrangement with their children can be considered.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101649"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000491/pdfft?md5=2d04f8d0e2f06983f8a3a05c5e96e17d&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000491-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140123138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity contagion among classmates: Children's relation with each other regarding weight status, physical activity, and dietary intake","authors":"Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaobei Zhou ,&nbsp;Ning Ding ,&nbsp;Shenzhi Song ,&nbsp;Joel Gittelsohn ,&nbsp;Nan Jiang ,&nbsp;Samantha M. Sundermeir ,&nbsp;Yanan Ma ,&nbsp;Deliang Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A series of influential articles suggests that obesity may spread between couples, siblings, and close friends via an obesity contagion phenomenon. Classmates, as important structural equivalents in one's social network, may experience obesity contagion. However, this has rarely been examined. Anthropometric measurements, questionnaire surveys, and geographic information were collected from 3670 children from 26 schools in Northeast China. We found that classmates were positively related in terms of body mass index (BMI), body fat, physical activity, and intake of vegetables, fruits, fast food, snacks, and sugar-sweetened beverages. One standard deviation (SD) increase in classmates' mean BMI and percentage body fat was associated with 0.19 SD higher individual BMI (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.00, 0.39) and 0.31 SD higher percentage body fat (95% CI: 0.13, 0.48). Coefficients ranged from 0.48 to 0.76 in models for physical activity, and the dietary intake of vegetables, fruit, fast food, snacks, and sugar-sweetened beverages. Children's BMI and body fat were more strongly associated with the maximum and minimum body fat levels of their same-sex classmates than with those of their general classmates. Their dietary intake and physical activity were more strongly associated with the mean/median levels of their general classmates than with those of their same-sex classmates. This study suggests that children's BMI, body fat, physical activity, and dietary intake may be related to those of their classmates. Modeling healthy behaviors in the classroom may help children develop habits that support achieving and maintaining a healthy weight. Future interventions should consider the inclusion of classmates as a social network strategy for obesity prevention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101636"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000363/pdfft?md5=dc5ee30328c73755ade06dddd1468048&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000363-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140123178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accumulating burden: Exposure to interpersonal discrimination based on multiple attributes and allostatic load","authors":"Carlyn Graham","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exposure to interpersonal discrimination is an acute type of social stressor. Extant evidence suggests a positive association exists between experiencing interpersonal discrimination and physiological dysregulation measured by allostatic load. However, research to date has overlooked the role of exposure to interpersonal discrimination based on multiple attributes. This is an important oversight because individuals who confront discrimination often accredit the experiences to more than one attribute, which may be associated with increased stress and adverse physiological functioning. Using data from the Wave V biomarker subsample of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), I investigate the relationship between reports of interpersonal discrimination based on multiple attributes and allostatic load among adults ages 33–44. I also consider the roles of frequency of exposure to discrimination and perceived stress in this relationship through moderation and mediation analyses. Results reveal a positive association between the number of forms of discrimination that individuals report and allostatic load. However, frequency of exposure to discrimination does not moderate this association. Moreover, frequency of discrimination did not mediate the association between the number of forms of discrimination and perceived stress only marginally mediated it. This study offers novel and important insight into the role of exposure to more than one form of discrimination and allostatic load. Given that heightened allostatic load is a precursor to the development of chronic conditions and a strong risk factor for mortality, efforts to reduce discrimination among Americans adults will work to improve physical health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101639"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000399/pdfft?md5=22f6bca9c6a7e66bba10ed5f5a70cd44&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000399-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140134929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental and physical health among ‘sandwich’ generation working-age adults in the United States: Not all sandwiches are made equal","authors":"Kent Jason Go Cheng ,&nbsp;Alexis Rául Santos-Lozada","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This research examined mental and physical health differences by (1) potential upward and downward care recipients and (2) heterogenous time and money transfer arrangements among working-age adults aged 35–64 in the U.S. who are considered to belong to the ‘sandwich generation’.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data for this study came from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics 2013 Family File and Rosters and Transfers module (n = 4609). For the second study objective, we restricted the analytic sample to individuals with at least one living parent/parent-in-law and at least one child (n = 2228). We varied the sandwich generation experience by whether upward (i.e., to parent), downward (i.e., to children), or transfers at both directions occurred. We then fit a series of logistic regression models to study psychological distress and self-rated health status differences among various classifications of sandwich generation, controlling for basic sociodemographic factors and living arrangements. For both samples, we ran separate models for those without underaged coresident children.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Compared to respondents without potential care recipients, sandwiched individuals do not differ concerning severe psychological distress or poor/fair health. Conditional on being sandwiched between parents/parents-in-law and adult children, providers of both upward and downward time transfers have almost twice the odds of having severe psychological distress while money providers to parents/parents-in-law have about 1.6 times higher odds of reporting poor/fair health status.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study dispels the notion that being part of the sandwich generation is automatically deleterious to mental and physical health. Rather, it is the provision of certain transfers whilst being sandwiched that is associated with worse health outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101650"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000508/pdfft?md5=248701dbbffaa2c26f505f0433930dfa&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000508-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140113028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Downgraded dreams: Labor market outcomes and mental health in undocumented migration","authors":"Carlo Devillanova ,&nbsp;Cristina Franco ,&nbsp;Anna Spada","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Undocumented immigrant workers are particularly exposed to mental health risk factors, including occupational downgrading – i.e. the loss in occupational status upon arrival. This study breaks new ground by examining the relationship between occupational downgrading and mental health among this hard-to-reach population, offering the first-ever investigation of its kind. Leveraging a unique dataset collected by a primary care outpatient clinic in Milan, Italy, which combines medical evaluations with detailed occupational information, we construct a direct measure of occupational downgrading, which adds to the literature. We employ logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for mental and behavioral disorders. The study also offers fresh evidence on the socioeconomic and health status of a sizable sample of undocumented migrants.</p><p>The study sample consists of 1738 individuals that had their first medical examination in 2017–18. Prevalence of mental health conditions is 5.58%. Data also highlight poor labor market integration: one third of individuals in the sample is employed, mostly in elementary occupations; 66.63% of immigrant workers experienced occupational downgrading. Regression results show that undocumented immigrants who undergo occupational downgrading are at considerably higher risk of mental disorders. ORs range from 1.729 (95% CI 1.071–2.793), when the model only includes individual characteristics determined prior to migration, to 2.659 (CI 1.342–5.271), when it accounts for all the available controls.</p><p>From a policy perspective, our study underscores the need to consider the broader impact of policies, including restrictive entry and integration policies, on migrant health. Additionally, ensuring access to primary care for all immigrants is crucial for early detection and treatment of mental health conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101652"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000521/pdfft?md5=51f30aac534e347e4e9db339b5e0d0c7&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000521-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140076160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}