Yang Liu , Xiaobei Zhou , Ning Ding , Shenzhi Song , Joel Gittelsohn , Nan Jiang , Samantha M. Sundermeir , Yanan Ma , Deliang Wen
{"title":"Obesity contagion among classmates: Children's relation with each other regarding weight status, physical activity, and dietary intake","authors":"Yang Liu , Xiaobei Zhou , Ning Ding , Shenzhi Song , Joel Gittelsohn , Nan Jiang , Samantha M. Sundermeir , Yanan Ma , Deliang Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A series of influential articles suggests that obesity may spread between couples, siblings, and close friends via an obesity contagion phenomenon. Classmates, as important structural equivalents in one's social network, may experience obesity contagion. However, this has rarely been examined. Anthropometric measurements, questionnaire surveys, and geographic information were collected from 3670 children from 26 schools in Northeast China. We found that classmates were positively related in terms of body mass index (BMI), body fat, physical activity, and intake of vegetables, fruits, fast food, snacks, and sugar-sweetened beverages. One standard deviation (SD) increase in classmates' mean BMI and percentage body fat was associated with 0.19 SD higher individual BMI (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.00, 0.39) and 0.31 SD higher percentage body fat (95% CI: 0.13, 0.48). Coefficients ranged from 0.48 to 0.76 in models for physical activity, and the dietary intake of vegetables, fruit, fast food, snacks, and sugar-sweetened beverages. Children's BMI and body fat were more strongly associated with the maximum and minimum body fat levels of their same-sex classmates than with those of their general classmates. Their dietary intake and physical activity were more strongly associated with the mean/median levels of their general classmates than with those of their same-sex classmates. This study suggests that children's BMI, body fat, physical activity, and dietary intake may be related to those of their classmates. Modeling healthy behaviors in the classroom may help children develop habits that support achieving and maintaining a healthy weight. Future interventions should consider the inclusion of classmates as a social network strategy for obesity prevention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101636"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000363/pdfft?md5=dc5ee30328c73755ade06dddd1468048&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000363-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140123178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accumulating burden: Exposure to interpersonal discrimination based on multiple attributes and allostatic load","authors":"Carlyn Graham","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exposure to interpersonal discrimination is an acute type of social stressor. Extant evidence suggests a positive association exists between experiencing interpersonal discrimination and physiological dysregulation measured by allostatic load. However, research to date has overlooked the role of exposure to interpersonal discrimination based on multiple attributes. This is an important oversight because individuals who confront discrimination often accredit the experiences to more than one attribute, which may be associated with increased stress and adverse physiological functioning. Using data from the Wave V biomarker subsample of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), I investigate the relationship between reports of interpersonal discrimination based on multiple attributes and allostatic load among adults ages 33–44. I also consider the roles of frequency of exposure to discrimination and perceived stress in this relationship through moderation and mediation analyses. Results reveal a positive association between the number of forms of discrimination that individuals report and allostatic load. However, frequency of exposure to discrimination does not moderate this association. Moreover, frequency of discrimination did not mediate the association between the number of forms of discrimination and perceived stress only marginally mediated it. This study offers novel and important insight into the role of exposure to more than one form of discrimination and allostatic load. Given that heightened allostatic load is a precursor to the development of chronic conditions and a strong risk factor for mortality, efforts to reduce discrimination among Americans adults will work to improve physical health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101639"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000399/pdfft?md5=22f6bca9c6a7e66bba10ed5f5a70cd44&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000399-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140134929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mental and physical health among ‘sandwich’ generation working-age adults in the United States: Not all sandwiches are made equal","authors":"Kent Jason Go Cheng , Alexis Rául Santos-Lozada","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This research examined mental and physical health differences by (1) potential upward and downward care recipients and (2) heterogenous time and money transfer arrangements among working-age adults aged 35–64 in the U.S. who are considered to belong to the ‘sandwich generation’.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data for this study came from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics 2013 Family File and Rosters and Transfers module (n = 4609). For the second study objective, we restricted the analytic sample to individuals with at least one living parent/parent-in-law and at least one child (n = 2228). We varied the sandwich generation experience by whether upward (i.e., to parent), downward (i.e., to children), or transfers at both directions occurred. We then fit a series of logistic regression models to study psychological distress and self-rated health status differences among various classifications of sandwich generation, controlling for basic sociodemographic factors and living arrangements. For both samples, we ran separate models for those without underaged coresident children.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Compared to respondents without potential care recipients, sandwiched individuals do not differ concerning severe psychological distress or poor/fair health. Conditional on being sandwiched between parents/parents-in-law and adult children, providers of both upward and downward time transfers have almost twice the odds of having severe psychological distress while money providers to parents/parents-in-law have about 1.6 times higher odds of reporting poor/fair health status.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study dispels the notion that being part of the sandwich generation is automatically deleterious to mental and physical health. Rather, it is the provision of certain transfers whilst being sandwiched that is associated with worse health outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101650"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000508/pdfft?md5=248701dbbffaa2c26f505f0433930dfa&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000508-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140113028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Downgraded dreams: Labor market outcomes and mental health in undocumented migration","authors":"Carlo Devillanova , Cristina Franco , Anna Spada","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Undocumented immigrant workers are particularly exposed to mental health risk factors, including occupational downgrading – i.e. the loss in occupational status upon arrival. This study breaks new ground by examining the relationship between occupational downgrading and mental health among this hard-to-reach population, offering the first-ever investigation of its kind. Leveraging a unique dataset collected by a primary care outpatient clinic in Milan, Italy, which combines medical evaluations with detailed occupational information, we construct a direct measure of occupational downgrading, which adds to the literature. We employ logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for mental and behavioral disorders. The study also offers fresh evidence on the socioeconomic and health status of a sizable sample of undocumented migrants.</p><p>The study sample consists of 1738 individuals that had their first medical examination in 2017–18. Prevalence of mental health conditions is 5.58%. Data also highlight poor labor market integration: one third of individuals in the sample is employed, mostly in elementary occupations; 66.63% of immigrant workers experienced occupational downgrading. Regression results show that undocumented immigrants who undergo occupational downgrading are at considerably higher risk of mental disorders. ORs range from 1.729 (95% CI 1.071–2.793), when the model only includes individual characteristics determined prior to migration, to 2.659 (CI 1.342–5.271), when it accounts for all the available controls.</p><p>From a policy perspective, our study underscores the need to consider the broader impact of policies, including restrictive entry and integration policies, on migrant health. Additionally, ensuring access to primary care for all immigrants is crucial for early detection and treatment of mental health conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101652"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000521/pdfft?md5=51f30aac534e347e4e9db339b5e0d0c7&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000521-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140076160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yun-Jung Eom , Hyejun Chi , Sohee Jung , Jinseo Kim , Joshua Jeong , S.V. Subramanian , Rockli Kim
{"title":"Women’s empowerment and child anthropometric failures across 28 sub-Saharan African countries: A cross-level interaction by Gender Inequality Index","authors":"Yun-Jung Eom , Hyejun Chi , Sohee Jung , Jinseo Kim , Joshua Jeong , S.V. Subramanian , Rockli Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Child undernutrition remains a major global health issue, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Given the important role mothers play in early childhood health and development, we examined how individual-level women’s empowerment and country-level Gender Inequality Index (GII) are jointly related with child undernutrition in SSA.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We pooled recent Demographic and Health Surveys from 28 SSA countries. For 137,699 children <5 years old, undernutrition was defined using anthropometric failures (stunting, underweight, wasting). Women’s empowerment was assessed using three domains of Survey-based Women’s EmPowERment (SWPER) index: attitude to violence, social independence, and decision-making; and country-level gender inequality was measured using GII from United Nations Development Programme. Three-level logistic regression was conducted to examine the joint associations of SWPER and GII as well as their interactions with child anthropometric failures, after adjusting for sociodemographic covariates.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Overall, 32.85% of children were stunted, 17.63% were underweight, and 6.68% had wasting. Children of mothers with low-level of empowerment for all domains of SWPER had higher odds of stunting (attitude to violence: OR=1.15; 95% CI, 1.11-1.19; social independence: OR=1.21; 95% CI, 1.17-1.25; decision-making: OR=1.16; 95% CI, 1.12-1.20), and consistent results were found for underweight and wasting. Independent of women’s empowerment, country-level GII increased the probability of underweight (ranging ORs=1.46; 95% CI, 1.15-1.85 to 1.50; 95% CI, 1.18-1.90) and wasting (ranging ORs=1.56; 95% CI, 1.24-1.97 to 1.61; 95% CI, 1.27-2.03). Significant interaction was found between women’s empowerment and country-level GII for stunting and underweight (p<0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In SSA countries with greater gender inequality, improving women’s social independence and decision-making power in particular can reduce their children’s risk of anthropometric failures. Policies and interventions targeted at strengthening women's empowerment should consider the degree of gender inequality in each country.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101651"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235282732400051X/pdfft?md5=5dfcf4644891b52498875097fbffb2c9&pid=1-s2.0-S235282732400051X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140072868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yan Gao , Lu Chen , Zhihao Jia , Liangyu Zhao , Yuke Yang , Chenchen Liu
{"title":"Social participation and health in middle-aged and older empty nesters: A study on gender differences","authors":"Yan Gao , Lu Chen , Zhihao Jia , Liangyu Zhao , Yuke Yang , Chenchen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The growing population of middle-aged and older empty nesters is characterized by poorer health, and social participation (SP) has been shown to improve this situation. However, few studies have investigated specific performance and gender differences between SP and health. The present study aims to address these issues.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 1207 middle-aged and older empty nesters over 45 years old were selected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2011–2018). Random-effects analyses were used to explore the association between changes in SP (diversity, frequency, type) and changes in health status. Health status include physical health, mental health, self-reported health (SRH).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Female middle-aged and olderly empty nesters have significantly poorer health and participate in SP more frequently. The higher the diversity of SP, the better the health of middle-aged and olderly empty nesters, while higher frequency is beneficial to SRH. Female's participation in sports and Internet had better mental health and SRH, and mahjong helped female's mental health. Clubs are helpful for male's SRH.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study reveals the specifics of the association between SP and health status of middle-aged and older empty nesters. Therefore, all aspects of SP and gender differences should be taken into account when predicting and improving the health status. Help the government to better formulate policies to better cope with the increasing empty nest phenomenon and build a harmonious and stable society.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101641"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000417/pdfft?md5=fa1c1919db902465bf18a2398fad9fb3&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000417-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139999148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intergenerational reproduction and self-assessed mental health in adulthood in China","authors":"Xueqing Zhang, Gerry Veenstra","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Physical and mental health disparities by socioeconomic status in China are well documented but the effects of the intergenerational reproduction in socioeconomic status on adult mental health have received little attention to date. We utilized cross-sectional data from the 2017 Chinese General Social Survey to examine the significance of intergenerational socioeconomic reproduction for differences in self-assessed mental health in a national sample of Chinese adults between the ages of 23 and 65. We documented substantial elasticities between the socioeconomic status of the survey respondents and their parents: father's education, mother's education and childhood social class were all associated with both respondent education and respondent household income. We also found that associations between parental socioeconomic status and their adult children's self-assessed mental health were partly explained by the children's own socioeconomic status. However, these pathways were noticeably moderated by age cohort. Among younger people, associations between parental socioeconomic status and mental health were mostly explained by educational attainment whereas among older people associations between parental socioeconomic status and mental health were mostly explained by household income. In general, parental socioeconomic status appear to have a greater influence on the mental health of people who grew up after the Chinese economic reform of the 1970s.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101645"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000454/pdfft?md5=47124a318275a51f44b2d1d34af5b61e&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000454-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140014190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Increased number of live births by migrant mothers shows areal inequality in Japan: A descriptive study","authors":"Kimihiro Nishino, Souphalak Inthaphatha, Eiko Yamamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Japan has not implemented policy of accepting many migrants, and the proportion of migrants in the total population is much smaller than that in other economically developed countries. Therefore, issues regarding the health status of migrants, especially migrant mothers and their children, have not been discussed enthusiastically in Japan. In the present study, we aimed to describe trends and spatial patterns (time trend of the number, areal distribution, and frequency of maternal nationality of newborn births) of live births by migrant mothers in Japan, which contributes to the administration of medical policies on the perinatal care of migrant mothers. This study used data from the vital statistics reported by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) of Japan and from foreign resident statistics reported by Immigration Services Agency (ISA) of Japan. To show areal inequality in the number of live births by migrant mothers, we applied the Gini coefficient. This study demonstrated that the number of live births by migrant mothers increased from 16,154 (1.31% of the total) in 1990 to 26,517 (3.08%) in 2020. It also showed stronger areal inequality at prefecture level by Japanese mothers (Gini coefficient; 0.64 vs 0.46 in 2020), and this areal inequality has increased during the last decade. This study also illustrated that the frequency of maternal nationality of newborns from migrant mothers has been altered in the last decade, especially in the composition of Asian countries. In conclusion, the number of live births by migrant mothers in Japan has been progressively increasing; however, this trend is excessively concentrated in specific areas in Japan. These tendencies are expected to become more prominent in the future, and their possible impacts on medical institutions and administrative agencies in specific areas that treat migrant mothers should be investigated and discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101532"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827323001970/pdfft?md5=f61fa42ad66c169526fa60cca26d084c&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827323001970-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135963312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leigh M. Vanderloo , Kendall Saravanamuttoo , Brianne A. Bruijns , Matthew Bourke , Shiran Zhong , Monika Szpunar , Jason Gilliland , Shauna M. Burke , Jennifer D. Irwin , Stephanie Truelove , Patricia Tucker
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Parents' attitudes regarding their children's play during COVID-19: Impact of socioeconomic status and urbanicity”. [SSM - Popul. Health. (24) (2023) 101-549]","authors":"Leigh M. Vanderloo , Kendall Saravanamuttoo , Brianne A. Bruijns , Matthew Bourke , Shiran Zhong , Monika Szpunar , Jason Gilliland , Shauna M. Burke , Jennifer D. Irwin , Stephanie Truelove , Patricia Tucker","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101628","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101628"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000284/pdfft?md5=e5ab2ecbd15f8d622fb7951f3ec15876&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000284-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139878590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Erratum to “Increased number of live births by migrant mothers shows areal inequality in Japan: A descriptive study” [SSM - Population Health 23 (2023) 101447]","authors":"Kimihiro Nishino, Souphalak Inthaphatha, Eiko Yamamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101531","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 101531"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827323001969/pdfft?md5=4d0befea61df349cfa477396139fabad&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827323001969-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139325765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}