Ssm-Population Health最新文献

{"title":"Associations of objective and subjective relative deprivation with health, happiness, and life satisfaction","authors":"Chun-Tung Kuo ,&nbsp;Duan-Rung Chen ,&nbsp;Pei-Shan Liao ,&nbsp;Ichiro Kawachi","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Relative deprivation is a critical mechanism for understanding how income inequality affects mental health. However, few studies have compared the effects of objective and subjective relative deprivation on health outcomes. This study compared how objective and subjective relative deprivation and their interaction relate to human flourishing measures, including health, happiness, life satisfaction, social relationships, and financial stability.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 1592 adults in Taiwan. The objective and subjective relative deprivation were measured using the Yitzhaki Index and the Personal Relative Deprivation Scale-Revised (PRDS-R), respectively. We conducted least-squares regression models to investigate the associations between these relative deprivation measures and human flourishing outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The correlation between the Yitzhaki Index and PRDS-R was 0.16 (p &lt; 0.001). After controlling for absolute income and covariates, the regression models showed that objective and subjective relative deprivation was negatively associated with all six human flourishing outcomes. Notably, subjective relative deprivation is strongly associated with outcomes than objective relative deprivation. Also, the Yitzhaki Index remained adversely associated with all human flourishing outcomes after accounting for the PRDS-R. Furthermore, the interaction between the Yitzhaki Index and PRDS-R was associated with additional risks to well-being, particularly affecting health, happiness, life satisfaction, and financial stability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Both objective and subjective relative deprivation were negatively associated with multiple dimensions of human flourishing. Policies aimed at addressing relative deprivation and reducing income inequality could contribute to higher levels of health, happiness, life satisfaction, social relationships, and economic stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101727"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross national patterns in educational inequalities in functional limitations among middle aged and older adults at two time points","authors":"Rachel Z. Wilkie ,&nbsp;Eun Young Choi ,&nbsp;Mateo P. Farina ,&nbsp;Jinkook Lee ,&nbsp;Jennifer A. Ailshire","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>In recent decades, the global population has aged rapidly while socioeconomic inequalities in health have widened, with older adults who are most disadvantaged experiencing the poorest health. Functional limitations are key predictors of disability and quality of life and are therefore considered an important measure of how well individuals and populations are aging. We determine if educational inequalities in functioning have widened over time and across countries.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used data from five nationally representative surveys of aging, covering 14 high- and middle-income countries, with harmonized measures of functional limitations. We examined change over time in the number of functional limitations among adults aged 50–64 and 65 and older in each country as well as changes in educational inequality in functional limitations over time for both age groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In most high-income countries, the number of functional limitations decreased over time, but they increased in China and Mexico, with the largest increases occurring among adults 65 and older. Educational inequality in functional limitations among those aged 65 and older widened for several countries in our study, but for different reasons. In some countries, it widened due to increased limitations among the least-educated, while in others it widened due to declines in limitations among the most-educated.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Growing educational inequality in functional limitations for older adults in several high- and middle-income countries suggests that, despite improvements in health and mortality, socioeconomic differences in functional health among older adults are widening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101725"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Against the grain: International migrants, the children of migrants and national life expectancy in Sweden, 1990–2019","authors":"Matthew Wallace ,&nbsp;Sven Drefahl","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>International migrants and their children represent increasing shares of the populations of major host countries and have growing potential to affect estimates of national mortality. Yet, while many studies have observed mortality differences between migrants, their children, and the majority population, few have progressed beyond this point to quantify the actual impact of these differences upon national life expectancy levels. Studies that have, reveal that migrants increasingly enhance national life expectancy, but do not progress beyond a single average generational effect. Here, using established demographic methods, we aim to quantify and unpack the impact of migrants and the children of migrants on national life expectancy in Sweden, with emphasis on potential differences by age, generations, and migration background. Going “against the grain” relative to other countries, we reveal an initial negative effect of first-generation migrants on national life expectancy levels in Sweden, followed by a gradual waning and disappearance of this effect over time. This change is attributable to the transformation in origin composition of Sweden's migrant population from migrants born in Nordic countries (that have higher mortality than the majority population) to migrants born in non-Western countries (that have lower mortality than the majority population), particularly at working ages. For children of migrants, nearly all ages and migrant backgrounds contribute to an increasingly negative effect on national life expectancy over time. The unique and disparate mortality risks of migrants, the children of migrants, and the majority population suggest a need to monitor their mortality separately so as to maximise potential future gains in national life expectancy in Sweden.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101726"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers to child vaccination: The role of international sanctions","authors":"Jeremy Ko ,&nbsp;Chun Kai Leung ,&nbsp;Harry Fung Lee ,&nbsp;Wai Kit Ming","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>International sanctions are often imposed with the aim of influencing the political behavior of target states, but they may have unintended consequences on public health. This study empirically examines the impact of international sanctions on child immunization rates in developing countries. Utilizing panel data from 76 developing countries between 2000 and 2019, the analysis explores how different types of sanctions, including those from the US, EU, and UN, as well as economic and unilateral sanctions, affect the immunization rates for DPT, Hepatitis B, and Measles vaccines. The findings indicate that sanctions, particularly those imposed by the US and EU, significantly reduce vaccination rates, with economic and unilateral sanctions showing the most substantial negative impact. Additionally, the study highlights the moderating role of health spending, revealing that increased healthcare investment can mitigate some of the adverse effects of sanctions. Poorer developing countries are disproportionately affected compared to their more affluent counterparts. The results underscore the need for policymakers to consider the broader public health implications of sanctions and for international efforts to ensure that essential medical resources remain accessible in sanctioned countries. This study contributes to the literature by providing comprehensive empirical evidence on the detrimental effects of international sanctions on child immunization, advocating for a balanced approach that protects public health while achieving geopolitical objectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101723"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bereavement due to child loss, divorce, and depressive mood in older age across European welfare regimes","authors":"Enrico Ripamonti ,&nbsp;Mikael Rostila ,&nbsp;Jan Saarela","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While bereavement, particularly the loss of a child, is a well-known risk factor for mental health in the short term, its long-term consequences on depressive mood in old age and across different welfare regimes have been investigated less. This study focused on the combined role of child loss and divorce on depressive symptoms, measured using the EURO-D scale in Central, Nordic, Southern, and Eastern European countries. We used data from the European SHARE project, covering 22,959 participants aged 50+ over a 16-year period. Using OLS regressions, we found that, compared to no child loss and no divorce, the association between depressive symptoms and child loss was significant (<span><math><mrow><mi>β</mi></mrow></math></span> = 0.22, 95% C.I. = [0.13, 0.30]), among both women and men. The absolute increase was even stronger when the mutual effect of child loss and divorce was considered (<span><math><mrow><mi>β</mi></mrow></math></span> = 0.34, 95% C.I. = [0.18, 0.48]). Employing Generalized Estimating Equations, we found that depressive symptoms related to divorce did not increase over time, regardless of past bereavement. Compared with people in the Nordic countries, those living in Southern Europe experienced more depressive symptoms related to child loss and no divorce, but fewer depressive symptoms related to the combined effect of child loss and divorce. In sum, our findings indicate that bereavement due to child loss may lead to more depressive symptoms among both women and men in old age, especially in combination with divorce. In the latter case, we posit that participants living in Southern European countries may be protected by higher levels of social support through family ties or informal social networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101721"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smartphone use, gender, and adolescent mental health: Longitudinal evidence from South Korea","authors":"Robert Rudolf ,&nbsp;Najung Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101722","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101722"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local crime and substance use disorders: A comparison of midlife adults in the 1990s and 2000s","authors":"Jennifer W. Robinette ,&nbsp;Jason D. Boardman ,&nbsp;Kathleen Mullan Harris","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated how sociopolitical changes in the United States between the 1990s and 2000s may explain the increase in substance use disorders and reduced longevity in more recent cohorts of US midlife adults. The 2008 recession which drastically increased unemployment rates across the country may have had negative implications for downstream contextual and individual processes, including both local crime rates and substance use disorders. The Midlife in the United States Survey cohort (1995; <em>n</em> = 6148; 20–75 years) and the MIDUS Refresher cohort (2011; <em>n</em> = 3543; 23–76 years) reported on substance use disorders. These data were linked to Uniform Crime Reporting violent crime rates to determine whether associations between local crime and substance use disorders changed among two separate cohorts of US midlife adults assessed before or after the 2008 recession. In 1995, despite higher local crime rates, substance use disorders were not associated with local crime. The comparatively lower crime rates of 2011, however, associated with greater prevalence of substance use disorders. Considering unemployment rates from the Decennial Census and American Community Survey, which were substantially higher in 2011 relative to 1995, completely diminished the local crime rate-substance use disorder association. The increased prevalence of substance use disorders observed in the more recent cohort of midlife adults assessed in the current study may represent maladaptive coping to local crime after the 2008 recession.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101719"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between snack intake behaviors of children and neighboring women: A population-based cross-sectional analysis with spatial regionalization","authors":"Emiko Yamamoto,&nbsp;Daisuke Takagi,&nbsp;Hideki Hashimoto","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Accumulated evidence indicates that neighborhood environments affect children's health behaviors. However, measuring neighborhood environments remains challenging because there exist strengths and weaknesses both in objective and perceived environment measures. Drawing on a recent conceptual model of how environment, perception, and behavior interact, we hypothesized that neighbors' behavioral similarities indicate the combined influence of physical and social environmental opportunities on specific behaviors. We then examined how these similarities (i.e. the behavioral tendencies of children's adult neighbors) relate to children's obesogenic dietary behaviors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used data for 2275 women and 821 elementary schoolchildren from a 2012–2013 population-based survey in greater Tokyo, Japan. Snack intake was defined as the total consumption of various types of snacks, estimated using a validated self-administered diet history questionnaire. Spatial regionalization, a type of spatial clustering, was used to empirically identify segments that could effectively differentiate regional variation in women's snack intake behaviors. We conducted multiple regression analysis to assess the cross-sectional association between children's snack intake and the mean snack intake of neighborhood women, adjusting for mother's intake.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A 1-g increase in the mean snack intake of neighborhood women was associated with a 0.23-g (95% confidence interval: 0.00–0.45) increase in children's intake, while a 1-g increase in mother's intake was associated with a 0.34-g (95% confidence interval: 0.26–0.41) increase in children's intake.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The results suggest that the out-of-home physical and social neighborhood environments may have non-ignorable associations with children's dietary behaviors by offering behavioral opportunities in addition to maternal influence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101720"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using a causal decomposition approach to estimate the contribution of employment to differences in mental health profiles between men and women","authors":"Christa Orchard ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Lin ,&nbsp;Laura Rosella ,&nbsp;Peter M. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mental health disorders are known to manifest differently in men and women, however our understanding of how gender interacts with mental health and well-being as a broader construct remains limited. Employment is a key determinant of mental health and there are historical differences in occupational roles among men and women that continue to influence working lives (Bonde, 2008; Cabezas-Rodríguez, Utzet, &amp; Bacigalupe, 2021; Drolet, 2022; Gedikli, Miraglia, Connolly, Bryan, &amp; Watson, 2023; Moyser, 2017; Niedhammer, Bertrais, &amp; Witt, 2021; Stier &amp; Yaish, 2014; Van der Doef &amp; Maes, 1999). This study aims to explore differences in multidimensional mental health between men and women, and to quantify how these differences may change if women had the same employment characteristics as men.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Working-age adults (25–64) were identified through a household survey in Ontario, Canada during 2012. We created multifaceted measures of employment to capture both employment and job quality, as well as multidimensional mental health profiles that capture mental health disorders and well-being using survey data. A causal decomposition approach with Monte Carlo simulation methods estimated the change in differences in mental health profiles between men and women, if women had the same employment characteristics as men.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 2458 eligible respondents, women were more likely to exhibit clinical mood disorders compared to men, with men more likely to exhibit absence of flourishing without a diagnosable disorder. Among those who were flourishing, women more often expressed at least some life stress compared to men. When women were assigned men's employment characteristics, which amounted to an increase in employment and higher quality employment, some of the gender differences in risk of clinical mood disorder decreased. However, differences between men and women in the remaining mental health profiles increased.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study provided an estimate of the contribution of employment to the observed differences in multidimensional mental health between men and women. This adds to the literature by including a broader range of mental health indicators than disorders alone, and by formalizing the causal framework used to study these relationships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101718"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Education, urbanicity of residence, and cardiometabolic biomarkers among middle-aged and older populations in the US, Mexico, China, and India","authors":"Chihua Li ,&nbsp;Yuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Grace Noppert ,&nbsp;Adina Zeki Al Hazzouri ,&nbsp;Alden Gross ,&nbsp;Lindsay Kobayashi","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101716","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The relationship between education and cardiometabolic biomarkers is contextually dependent on both inter-country and intra-country factors. This study aimed to examine educational differences in cardiometabolic biomarkers among middle-aged and older adults in the US, Mexico, China, and India, and whether this relationship is modified by urbanicity of residence.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Data were from contemporary cross-sectional waves of the US Health and Retirement Study (HRS; 2016/17, n = 19,608), the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS; 2015, n = 12,356), the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS; 2015/16, n = 13,268), and the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI; 2017/19, n = 47,838). To account for substantial variations in educational distribution across the four countries, we measured education attainment in two ways: by categorizing education levels into binary classifications (‘lower education: lower secondary education or below' vs. 'higher education: upper secondary education or above') to assess absolute education attainment, and by using within-country percentile ranks to capture relative education attainment. We assessed educational differences in four cardiometabolic biomarkers: body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and total cholesterol. We tested whether urbanicity of residence modified the relationship between education and these cardiometabolic biomarkers.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The proportion of individuals with higher education was 82.6% in the US, 15.6% in Mexico, 10.6% in China, and 16.8% in India. In the US, higher education was associated with lower SBP (−2.74 mmHg, 95% CI: −3.62, −1.86) and HbA1c (−0.14%, 95% CI: −0.20, −0.08), but higher total cholesterol (3.33 mg/dL, 95% CI: 1.41, 5.25). In Mexico, higher education was associated with lower BMI only (−0.51 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, 95% CI: −0.76, −0.26). In China, higher education was not associated with any biomarker. In India, higher education was associated with higher BMI (1.61 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, 95% CI: 1.49, 1.73), SBP (1.67 mmHg, 95% CI: 1.16, 2.18), and HbA1c (0.35%, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.51). The association between education and cardiometabolic biomarkers was modified by urbanicity in China and India but not in the US or Mexico. In both China and India, relationships between education and cardiometabolic biomarkers were stronger among rural residents compared to those among urban residents. Results based on relative education attainment showed similar patterns in terms of the direction of the effect estimates, despite some discrepancies in statistical significance.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Interpretation&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;There is a complex relationship between education and cardiometabolic biomarkers across countries and by urbanicity of residence. This complexity underscores the importance of accounting for contextual factors when devising strategies to enhance car","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101716"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}