{"title":"Economic uncertainty and mental health: Global evidence, 1991 to 2019","authors":"Emre Sarı , Buse Şencan Karakuş , Ender Demir","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mental health has deteriorated globally due to COVID-19, climate crisis, economic policies, and regional conflicts, requiring immediate attention. This study aims to comprehend the relationship between economic uncertainty and the prevalence of anxiety disorders, major depressive disorder, and eating disorders across various demographics and countries. Using robust fixed-effect models, we analyzed the relationship between economic uncertainty and mental disorders in 110 countries from 1991 to 2019. Our analysis also explored whether this association varies across genders and age groups. Our analysis indicates that economic uncertainty is associated with higher prevalence rates of anxiety and major depressive disorders, though no similar association is observed for eating disorders. In the subgroup analyses, while females have a significant association exclusively with anxiety disorders, males have associations with anxiety and major depressive disorders. The age-specific analyses show that economic uncertainty is associated with anxiety disorders for almost all age groups above 15 years, except for ages between 40 and 54. For major depressive disorders, this association becomes significant after the 40–44 age group. However, we see no significant association among age groups for eating disorders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101691"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000922/pdfft?md5=156ab1248329f8b8fa036210824976c3&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000922-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141409372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maximilian Frentz-Göllnitz , Adrien Remund , Carel Harmsen , Lenny Stoeldraijer , Janine van der Toorn , Gabriele Doblhammer , Fanny Janssen
{"title":"Contributions of causes of death to differentials in life expectancy by internal migrant status in the Netherlands. A population register based study, 2015–2019","authors":"Maximilian Frentz-Göllnitz , Adrien Remund , Carel Harmsen , Lenny Stoeldraijer , Janine van der Toorn , Gabriele Doblhammer , Fanny Janssen","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Important health differences exist in the context of international migration and residential mobility. Less is known about health differences regarding the medium-distance level of internal migration. This study examines life expectancy gaps between internal movers and stayers in the Netherlands and their underlying processes by assessing the contribution of different causes of death by age and sex. It uses individually-linked death counts and population exposures extracted from population registers, covering the native Dutch population aged 10+ from 2015 to 2019. The pooled data were disaggregated by causes-of-death group (neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, lifestyle-related mortality, external causes, and other causes), internal migrant status (movers and stayers, based on past 10-year residence in the 40 NUTS-3 [Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics, level 3] regions), age, and sex. Comparing movers and stayers, we computed life expectancy at age 10 (e<sub>10</sub>), age- and cause-specific mortality risks, and applied decomposition methods to assess contributions of causes of death to e<sub>10</sub> gaps. In the Netherlands in 2015–2019, e<sub>10</sub> was lower for movers between NUTS-3 regions than stayers (males: 2.49 years; females: 3.51 years), due to excess mortality for movers at most ages. Movers only had a lower mortality than stayers at younger working ages (males: ages 20–44; females: ages 20–34). Mortality from neurodegenerative diseases and cardiovascular diseases were the largest contributors to the e<sub>10</sub> gap, especially at ages 75+ and for females. Mortality from lifestyle-related and external causes of death contributed less, with the largest contributions for females aged 75–89 and males aged 45–69. The lower e<sub>10</sub> of movers in the Netherlands is likely explained by health selection effects–in particular care-related moves as coping behaviour–rather than by causal effects through risk accumulation. Research focusing on regional or spatial heterogeneity of the mover-stayer health gap would be insightful to further understand these processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101690"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000910/pdfft?md5=0b47ad59a437af0009cbd48972cc7aa1&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000910-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141400005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Health insurance in the United States: A case of effectively maintained inequality?","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The theory of Effectively Maintained Inequality (EMI) (Lucas, 2001) posits that goods have both quantitative (how much?) and qualitative (what kind?) dimensions. Coupled with the hypothesized mechanisms of EMI, this simple observation greatly complicates research and policy development concerning inequality. First applied to explain educational inequality in the United States, evidence for the theory has been found in education systems in over 20 countries, including Chile, China, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Nigeria, South Africa, and South Korea. Yet, while EMI was proposed as a general theory of inequality, to date no research has assessed its applicability to domains outside education. This work uses nearly two decades of National Health Interview Survey data (N = 451,161) to provide the first effort to assess whether EMI illuminates <em>patterns</em> of inequality outside education, by taking up the issue of health insurance in the United States.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101687"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141401927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of an Internet-based mental health promotion intervention among immigrant Chinese women: A quasi-experimental study","authors":"Yunjie Luo , Yasuhiko Ebina , Yoko Sato","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Owing to a lack of social support, child-rearing Chinese women in Japan experience mental health disorders, such as depression and parenting stress. Effective interventions to improve the mental health of these women are lacking. This study aimed to develop an Internet-based mental health promotion intervention for this subsection of the population and evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We used a quasi-experimental pre- and post-test design whereby the results of the intervention group were compared with those of a control group. Seventy-three child-rearing women were recruited from online groups of Chinese residents in Japan. In the Internet-based intervention, participants utilised an information provision application and attended online parenting workshops. The intervention group participated in the online workshops once a week for six weeks and accessed the application, whereas the control group did not. The outcome measures included the levels of mental health distress, depression, social support, and parenting stress. Data were collected from February to April 2022. Data analysis was performed using repeated-measures analysis of variance.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Mental health distress (F = 16.478, p < 0.001, η<sup>2</sup> = 0.210) and depression (F = 13.078, p = 0.001, η<sup>2</sup> = 0.174) were significantly affected in the intervention group compared with the control group. There were no significant differences in social support and parenting stress between the groups. The Internet-based mental health promotion intervention was highly appraised by the participants.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study developed an Internet-based mental health promotion intervention that involved an information provision application and parenting workshops. The intervention significantly reduced the mental health distress and depression of Chinese women in Japan but did not affect social support and parenting stress. The findings suggest that this intervention could be applied to foreign women with multicultural backgrounds in diverse settings to improve their psychological well-being.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101686"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000879/pdfft?md5=53426b4bc4c8f1ec40a45271f466de41&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000879-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141274527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cari Jo Clark , Irina Bergenfeld , Abbie Shervinskie , Erin R. Johnson , Yuk Fai Cheong , Nadine J. Kaslow , Kathryn M. Yount
{"title":"Validity of a common measure of intimate partner violence perpetration: Impact on study inference in trials in low- and middle-income countries","authors":"Cari Jo Clark , Irina Bergenfeld , Abbie Shervinskie , Erin R. Johnson , Yuk Fai Cheong , Nadine J. Kaslow , Kathryn M. Yount","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In lower-and middle-income countries (LMICs), studies of interventions to reduce intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration are expanding yet measurement equivalence of the construct has not been established. We assessed the measurement equivalence of physical and sexual IPV perpetration used in recent trials in LMICs and tested the impact of non-invariance on trial inference.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>With data from three recent intervention trials among men (sample size 505–1537 across studies), we calculated tetrachoric correlations among items and used multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis to assess invariance across arms and over time. We also assessed treatment effects adjusting for covariate imbalance and using inverse probability to treatment weights to assess concordance of invariant measures with published results, where warranted.</p></div><div><h3>Findings.</h3><p>The average correlation among items was high and increased over time with several items in two studies showing correlations ≥0.85 at endline. Increases in correlation for physical IPV were concentrated in the treatment arm in two of the studies. The increase in correlation in sexual IPV differed by arm across studies. Across all studies, a correlated two-factor solution was the best fitting model according to the EFAs and CFAs. One study demonstrated measurement invariance across arms and over time. In two of the studies, longitudinal measurement non-invariance was detected in the intervention arms. In post hoc testing, one study attained invariance with a one-factor model and study inference was concordant with published findings. The other study did not attain even partial invariance.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Common measures of physical and sexual IPV perpetration cannot be used for valid effect estimation without further refinement. The study highlights the need for an expanded item set, content validity assessments, further measurement invariance testing, and then consistent use of the item sets in future intervention trials to support accurate inference on the effectiveness of <span>IPV</span> perpetration prevention interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101683"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000843/pdfft?md5=326e99dc4433434b5e30f636f6a5ff7e&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000843-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141196565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aarón Salinas-Rodríguez , Maylen Liseth Rojas-Botero , Ana Rivera-Almaraz , Julián Alfredo Fernández-Niño , Julio César Montañez-Hernández , Betty Manrique-Espinoza
{"title":"Long-term inequalities in health among older Mexican adults: An outcome-wide analysis","authors":"Aarón Salinas-Rodríguez , Maylen Liseth Rojas-Botero , Ana Rivera-Almaraz , Julián Alfredo Fernández-Niño , Julio César Montañez-Hernández , Betty Manrique-Espinoza","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The relationship between socioeconomic level and health outcomes in older people has been widely studied, but less information about health inequalities associated with gender and place of residence exists. Also, there is scarce evidence of longitudinal inequalities, particularly in countries from the global south. This study aimed to describe the longitudinal patterns of health inequalities associated with wealth, gender, and residence area among older Mexican adults. We used data from two longitudinal studies in Mexico: The Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE) and the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS). Three domains to characterize health inequities were used: wealth, gender, and rurality. We conducted an outcome-wide analysis with nine health indicators assessing older adults' physical and cognitive function. The Slope Index of Inequality and the Relative Index of Inequality were used as inequality measurements. Our results indicate that the greatest inequalities are observed in relation to wealth and gender. Older adults with lower socioeconomic status demonstrated higher rates of depression, sarcopenia, falls, and limitations in both basic and instrumental activities of daily living compared to their wealthier counterparts, with increasing trends in physical functionality over time. Furthermore, women experienced higher rates of depression, sarcopenia, frailty, and physical limitations compared to men. The only significant difference related to rurality was a lower rate of frailty among rural older adults. Longitudinal trajectories revealed an increase in the gap of inequality for various health indicators, especially in terms of wealth and gender. Health inequalities in old age are one of the greatest challenges facing health systems globally. Actions like universal coverage of health services for older people and the empowerment of individuals and their communities to have control over their lives and circumstances must be guaranteed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101684"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000855/pdfft?md5=05ff4a243a29449e72a48de5bb8821f2&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000855-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141137155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The potential of early years’ childcare to reduce mental health inequalities of school age children in Scotland","authors":"Elaine Robertson, Alastair Leyland, Anna Pearce","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Preschool childcare is considered an important policy for reducing inequalities in children's cognitive and socio-emotional development, although the population-level benefits for children under three years, is less clear. We examined the potential for childcare across the whole early years' period to benefit mental health and reduce inequalities, under different hypothetical policy scenarios, in the Growing Up in Scotland study.</p><p>Marginal structural logistic regression models estimated odds ratios (ORs) to quantify inequalities in mental health and consider how these would be altered under different hypothetical scenarios. Mental health (the outcome) was measured using the total Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire score at the start of primary school. Socioeconomic circumstances (the exposure) were represented by maternal educational measured in infancy. Sequence analysis identified common patterns of childcare usage from 10 months to four years (the mediator). Confounders were adjusted for using inverse probability of treatment weights and analyses accounted for sampling design and attrition (complete case sample, <em>n</em> = 3205).</p><p>With virtually universal uptake of government-funded childcare at 3–4 years, most variation was seen before age three. Four groups were identified: ‘Parents, family & friends’ (35.8%), ‘Grandparents’ (32.7%), ‘Private group childcare’ (e.g. nurseries 23.5%), ‘Single professional care’ (e.g. childminders 8.1%). Children whose mothers had low, compared to high, educational qualifications were 3.18 times more likely to have mental health problems (95% CI: 1.88–5.37). In a hypothetical scenario where everyone received private group childcare, inequalities increased slightly to 3.78 (95%CI: 1.46–9.76). In an alternative scenario, where everyone received single professional childcare, inequalities in mental health reduced to 2.42 (95% CI: 0.20–28.76), albeit with wide confidence intervals.</p><p>Universal childcare provision before three years may widen or narrow socioeconomic inequalities in children's mental health, depending on the childcare type provided. Further research is required to understand the role of childcare quality, which we were unable to account for.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101682"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000831/pdfft?md5=9e0439bf2d9dcc37be2ba111655cc795&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000831-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141130845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Angela D'Adamo , Alina Schnake-Mahl , Pricila H. Mullachery , Mariana Lazo , Ana V. Diez Roux , Usama Bilal
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Health disparities in past influenza pandemics: A scoping review of the literature” [SSM – Population Health (2023) 21C 101314]","authors":"Angela D'Adamo , Alina Schnake-Mahl , Pricila H. Mullachery , Mariana Lazo , Ana V. Diez Roux , Usama Bilal","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101516","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101516"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827323001817/pdfft?md5=32925f0d6ad909e7f6c50b67ea8a3398&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827323001817-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135347606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An evolution of socioeconomic inequalities in self-rated health in Korea: Evidence from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 1998–2018","authors":"Daseul Moon , Roman Pabayo , Jongnam Hwang","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Reducing socioeconomic inequalities in health has become an important health policy agenda. This study aimed to measure socioeconomic inequalities in health in Korea over the past two decades and identify the contributing factors to the observed inequalities. Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 1998 to 2016/2018 were utilized. The concentration index (CI) was calculated to measure health inequalities, and decomposition analysis was applied to identify and quantify the contributing factors to the observed inequalities in health. The results indicated that health inequalities exist, suggesting that poor health was consistently more concentrated among Korean adults with lower income (1998: −0.154; 2016/2018: −0.152). Gender-stratified analyses also showed that poor health was more concentrated in lower income women and men, with the degree of inequalities slightly more pronounced among women. The decomposition approach revealed that income and educational attainment were the largest contributors to the observed health inequalities as higher income and education associated with better self-rated health. These findings suggest the importance of considering socioeconomic determinants, such as income and education, in efforts to tackling health inequalities, particularly considering that self-rated health is a predictor of future mortality and morbidity. Furthermore, it is essential to implement more egalitarian social, labour market, and health policies in order to eliminate the existing socioeconomic inequalities in health in Korea.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101689"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000909/pdfft?md5=e2139052f4e5713606bd2a0649e5e17b&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000909-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141302584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The association between parenthood and health: A comparison of people in same-sex and different-sex relationships","authors":"Yuxuan Jin , Deni Mazrekaj","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding social inequalities in parental health is crucial for family functioning and child development. Theoretically, the double burden of parenting and minority stress may lead to the negative association between parenthood and health outcomes being stronger for people in same-sex relationships. Moreover, drawn from the social control process and the compensation mechanism, the negative association between parenthood and health risk behaviors may become stronger for people in same-sex relationships. Yet, empirical evidence on parental health disparities between parents in same- and different-sex relationships is limited. Using linear and logistic regression models, coarsened exact matching, and entropy balancing on Dutch data between 2008 and 2021 (196 people in same-sex relationships and 6948 people in different-sex relationships), we investigate the relationship between parenthood and three health outcomes (self-rated health, physical health, and mental health) and two health risk behaviors (smoking and heavy episodic drinking). We find that parents on average are less likely to experience heavy episodic drinking than non-parents. The association between parenthood and health does not differ between people in same-sex and different-sex relationships.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47780,"journal":{"name":"Ssm-Population Health","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 101685"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827324000867/pdfft?md5=68bab0b17f8e56b1f0cb7a573b14e773&pid=1-s2.0-S2352827324000867-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141244008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}