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A New Approach to Modeling the Cure Rate in the Presence of Interval Censored Data. 在存在区间剔除数据的情况下建立治愈率模型的新方法》（A New Approach to Modeling the Cure Rate in Presence of Interval Censored Data.
IF 1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-15 DOI: 10.1007/s00180-023-01389-7
Suvra Pal, Yingwei Peng, Wisdom Aselisewine
{"title":"A New Approach to Modeling the Cure Rate in the Presence of Interval Censored Data.","authors":"Suvra Pal, Yingwei Peng, Wisdom Aselisewine","doi":"10.1007/s00180-023-01389-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00180-023-01389-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We consider interval censored data with a cured subgroup that arises from longitudinal followup studies with a heterogeneous population where a certain proportion of subjects is not susceptible to the event of interest. We propose a two component mixture cure model, where the first component describing the probability of cure is modeled by a support vector machine-based approach and the second component describing the survival distribution of the uncured group is modeled by a proportional hazard structure. Our proposed model provides flexibility in capturing complex effects of covariates on the probability of cure unlike the traditional models that rely on modeling the cure probability using a generalized linear model with a known link function. For the estimation of model parameters, we develop an expectation maximization-based estimation algorithm. We conduct simulation studies and show that our proposed model performs better in capturing complex effects of covariates on the cure probability when compared to the traditional logit link-based two component mixture cure model. This results in more accurate (smaller bias) and precise (smaller mean square error) estimates of the cure probabilities, which in-turn improves the predictive accuracy of the latent cured status. We further show that our model's ability to capture complex covariate effects also improves the estimation results corresponding to the survival distribution of the uncured. Finally, we apply the proposed model and estimation procedure to an interval censored data on smoking cessation.</p>","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":"7 1","pages":"2743-2769"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79026133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Trade liberalization and the choice of pollution abatement 贸易自由化与减少污染的选择
IF 2.1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1017/s1355770x24000068
Takumi Haibara
{"title":"Trade liberalization and the choice of pollution abatement","authors":"Takumi Haibara","doi":"10.1017/s1355770x24000068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x24000068","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is well known that a consumer price-neutral reform of consumption taxes and import tariffs is welfare-improving. This paper shows that such price controls are inferior to quantity controls in terms of welfare improvement. The paper next turns to a comparison of different abatement strategies. Whether or not policy changes should fix private abatement or public abatement relates to the level of earmarking, and depends on the relationship between private production and public abatement. There are cases in which increased public abatement <span>only</span> improves welfare by more than both increased private and public abatement together. The paper recommends that environmental earmarking in the form of public abatement should be delivered to cushion price hikes and sustain private energy consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140584402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
With or without the European Union: the convention for the protection of the Black Sea against pollution 有没有欧洲联盟：保护黑海免受污染公约
IF 2.1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1017/s1355770x24000056
Basak Bayramoglu, Corina Haita-Falah
{"title":"With or without the European Union: the convention for the protection of the Black Sea against pollution","authors":"Basak Bayramoglu, Corina Haita-Falah","doi":"10.1017/s1355770x24000056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x24000056","url":null,"abstract":"The Black Sea is an enclosed sea surrounded by six coastal countries, of which Bulgaria and Romania are EU Member States. The Convention for the Protection of the Black Sea Against Pollution was ratified in 1994 by all coastal countries. This Convention is the only European regional sea convention to which the EU is not a Party. While Romania and Bulgaria are in favor of EU accession to the Convention, Turkey, Russia and Ukraine thus far have blocked accession. In this paper, we develop a negotiation model with endogenous enforcement and exogenous fraud to analyze the different positions of groups of coastal countries relative to EU accession to the Convention. Our model contributes to defining a proposal that the EU could make to the opposing states such that they accept the EU as a Party to the Convention. In that context we investigate also whether Romania and Bulgaria might be better off delegating their decision power to the EU, rather than retaining their individual voting rights.","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140205506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Institutions' quality and environmental pollution in Africa 非洲机构的质量与环境污染
IF 2.1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1017/s1355770x24000044
Dieudonné Mignamissi, Hervé William Mougnol A. Ekoula, Thierno Thioune
{"title":"Institutions' quality and environmental pollution in Africa","authors":"Dieudonné Mignamissi, Hervé William Mougnol A. Ekoula, Thierno Thioune","doi":"10.1017/s1355770x24000044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x24000044","url":null,"abstract":"This paper tests the pollution emissions and institutional quality nexus in Africa. Specifically, we analyze the effect of the political regime and the quality of political governance on CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> emissions. To control for endogeneity, we apply the system generalized method of moments on a dynamic panel of African countries over the period 1996–2020. The key finding suggests that better institutions have a negative and significant effect on pollution in Africa. The findings also validate the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis. Moreover, the results support the pollution haven hypothesis. Finally, if digitalization significantly curbs pollution, then industrialization, natural resources, as well as the intensive use of energy, are considered as positive predictors. All the sensitivity and robustness tests globally validate the strength of the negative association between the good quality of institutions and the level of polluting emissions in Africa. The results call for some policy recommendations in environmental regulation for African economies.","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140204646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cross-ownership and strategic environmental corporate social responsibility under price competition 价格竞争下的交叉所有权和战略性环境企业社会责任
IF 2.1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1017/s1355770x24000032
Mingqing Xing, Sang-Ho Lee
{"title":"Cross-ownership and strategic environmental corporate social responsibility under price competition","authors":"Mingqing Xing, Sang-Ho Lee","doi":"10.1017/s1355770x24000032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x24000032","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper examines the impact of cross-ownership on the strategic incentive of environmental corporate social responsibility (ECSR) within a green managerial delegation contract in a triopoly market engaged in price competition. It demonstrates that bilateral cross-ownership between insiders provides weak incentives to undertake ECSR, which has a non-monotone relationship with cross-ownership shares, while it provides strong incentives for outsiders, which increases the ECSR level as cross-ownership increases. It also compares unilateral cross-ownership and finds that a firm that owns shares in its rival has a greater incentive to undertake ECSR than its partially-owned rival, while an outsider has more incentive than firms in bilateral scenarios. These findings reveal that a firm's incentive to increase a market price through ECSR critically depends on its cross-ownership share, while it decreases environmental damage and increases social welfare when the environmental damage is serious.</p>","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140099871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Monitoring and management of common property resources: empirical evidence from forest user groups in Ethiopia 共同财产资源的监测和管理：埃塞俄比亚森林用户群体的经验证据
IF 2.1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1017/s1355770x23000165
Goytom Abraha Kahsay, Erwin Bulte
{"title":"Monitoring and management of common property resources: empirical evidence from forest user groups in Ethiopia","authors":"Goytom Abraha Kahsay, Erwin Bulte","doi":"10.1017/s1355770x23000165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x23000165","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The presence of monitoring institutions affects quality and effort of leaders. We investigate the effect of intensified monitoring on the ability and effort of leaders for a sample of forest user groups in Ethiopia, and find experimental and non-experimental evidence of an important trade-off: monitoring increases leaders' effort but lowers their quality in terms of education and experience. This effort–ability trade-off only occurs in the presence of alternative income opportunities (affecting the opportunity cost of time) and only among a subsample of leaders with low prosocial motivation. For our context, we document that the net effect of monitoring on economic outcomes is positive.</p>","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139421958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Boosted income, busted environment: a tradeoff in the wider economic impacts of transport corridor investments? 提高收入，破坏环境：交通走廊投资对更广泛经济影响的权衡？
IF 2.1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.1017/s1355770x23000177
Martin Melecky, Siddharth Sharma, Hari Subhash
{"title":"Boosted income, busted environment: a tradeoff in the wider economic impacts of transport corridor investments?","authors":"Martin Melecky, Siddharth Sharma, Hari Subhash","doi":"10.1017/s1355770x23000177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x23000177","url":null,"abstract":"The literature on the impacts of transport corridors points to a tradeoff between income and environmental quality. We estimate the impacts of India's Golden Quadrilateral and North-South-East-West highways on income and environmental quality to test this tradeoff hypothesis. Applying the difference-in-difference method to district level data, we find that the highways increased both local income and particulate matter air pollution. The estimated increase in air pollution is robust to using an instrumental variables approach, while that in income is not. Examining heterogeneity in these impacts, we find that the income–environment tradeoff was less steep in districts with initially higher educational attainment rates because they experienced a smaller increase in air pollution due to the highways.","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139410126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Was global deforestation under lockdown? 全球森林砍伐被封锁了吗?
IF 2.1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1017/s1355770x23000153
Santiago Saavedra
{"title":"Was global deforestation under lockdown?","authors":"Santiago Saavedra","doi":"10.1017/s1355770x23000153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x23000153","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic and government responses led to a halt in economic activity. While this reduced pollution in urban areas, its effect on deforestation in areas outside of cities is unclear. Deforestation may have decreased due to the restrictions on economic activity, but, it may have increased due to the drying up of alternative income sources. We analyzed bi-weekly data on tropical forests worldwide in relation to the dates when different countries implemented lockdown restrictions. Our analysis found that while lockdowns did reduce mobility in forest municipalities, the average effect on deforestation was not significant. However, we did observe variations in the impact of lockdowns on deforestation based on the share of lockdown-vulnerable GDP and the level of government effectiveness. These results stand across tropical countries and within Colombia. These findings highlight the importance of alternative income sources and strong state capacity for effective policies aimed at reducing deforestation.","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":"41 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138519314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Long-run management of Greenland's fishery on Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) 格陵兰大比目鱼渔业的长期管理
IF 2.1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1017/s1355770x23000128
Frank Jensen, Ayoe Hoff, Jette Bredahl Jacobsen, Henrik Meilby
{"title":"Long-run management of Greenland's fishery on Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides)","authors":"Frank Jensen, Ayoe Hoff, Jette Bredahl Jacobsen, Henrik Meilby","doi":"10.1017/s1355770x23000128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x23000128","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we consider four scenarios for economic optimal management of a fisheries resource by a high sea and coastal fleet segment. These scenarios differ with respect to whether a common or two separate fish stocks are considered and whether the profit from land-based processing is included. The model is parametrized using the Greenland halibut fishery on the west coast of Greenland as an empirical case. For this fishery, we show that the relative ranking of the optimal high sea industry harvest and profit compared to the coastal industry harvest and profit depends on the chosen scenario. When comparing the scenarios for optimal management and the actual situation, we find that the fish stock tends to be overexploited.","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138519313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The direct and indirect economic consequences of climate damage in poor countries 气候破坏对贫穷国家的直接和间接经济后果
IF 2.1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2023-11-24 DOI: 10.1017/s1355770x23000104
John Knight
{"title":"The direct and indirect economic consequences of climate damage in poor countries","authors":"John Knight","doi":"10.1017/s1355770x23000104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x23000104","url":null,"abstract":"The predictions of the adverse effects of greenhouse gas emissions on climate change are now accepted. Somewhat less attention has been given to the economic, social, and political consequences. The three interact: the former will have social and political effects, which in turn will harm economies and economic well-being. This analysis of poor countries draws on much recent evidence and various projections. Climate damage contributes to internal political instability and conflict. There is a risk that poor countries will be driven down economically, so reducing the capacity of their governments: some will become fragile states. Internal migration is likely to become a central policy issue. However, international migration will also grow. Climate damage will drag countries into both cooperation and conflict with each other. The effects on sending countries, contiguous countries, and destination countries are examined. This scenario presented is predictive but should be taken as a warning.","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138519315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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