Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Cognitive Science最新文献

{"title":"Learning With Diagrams and Visualizations: Visual, Learner, and Contextual Factors.","authors":"David Menendez","doi":"10.1002/wcs.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diagrams and visualizations can be seen throughout educational materials, such that their presence is almost ubiquitous. The assumption is that including visualizations in lessons will lead to greater learning. In this paper, I review the psychological and educational literature to examine how the presence of visualizations influences learning in STEM fields. In particular, I examine how the effectiveness of a visualization depends on characteristics of the visualization, the learner, and the context. Characteristics of the visualization are important insofar as they highlight relevant information and reduce extraneous details. Learner characteristics influence how people learn with visualizations, but more work is needed to isolate these relations. The characteristics of the context are a critical but underexplored area in multimedia learning. This review highlights that visualizations are not universally helpful for learning, but rather their effect depends on a myriad of factors at multiple levels of analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":47720,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Cognitive Science","volume":"17 4","pages":"e70037"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148413250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroautonomic Adaptive Resilience (NAR): The Proposal of a New Mechanism in the Context of the Neuroscience of Cognitive and Affective Aging. Definition and Operationalization.","authors":"Giulia Fusi, Barbara Colombo, Simona C S Caravita","doi":"10.1002/wcs.70038","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wcs.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Resilience mechanisms to counteract aging and the onset of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases are becoming an increasingly central issue due to the aging of the population. Several mechanisms have been hypothesized, and in the context of cognitive resilience, the construct of cognitive reserve has attracted considerable interest. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that there are several possible mechanisms of resilience (e.g., motor, affective, behavioral, etc.) which interact with each other, influencing inter-individual variability in healthy and pathological aging trajectories. However, to date, central-peripheral processes have not yet been explicitly incorporated as a resilience mechanism in models of cognitive and affective aging. This perspective article therefore aims to propose a new resilience mechanism, the \"Neuroautonomic Adaptive Resilience\" (NAR) that implicate a flexible and efficient integration of the central and the autonomic nervous system, allowing individuals to adapt effectively to stressors throughout their lives. This perspective proposes its theoretical framework, its operationalization, and its integration with existing concepts in the field of cognitive and affective neuroscience of aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":47720,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Cognitive Science","volume":"17 4","pages":"e70038"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collective Memory in Animals.","authors":"Lucas Manuel Bietti, Federica Amici","doi":"10.1002/wcs.70035","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wcs.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Collective memory in humans refers to individual memories that become shared within a community and contribute to social identity, coordination, and cultural continuity. Extensive research shows that collective memory emerges through language-mediated interaction, social influence, and distributed cognitive mechanisms, supporting cooperation, decision-making, and cultural transmission. While these processes are well documented in humans, it remains unclear whether, and in what sense, collective memory exists in nonhuman animals. Here we propose a systematic comparative framework for understanding collective memory across species. We first outline the cognitive foundations of collective memory in humans, highlighting the roles of episodic, semantic, autobiographical, and procedural memory, together with mechanisms such as memory conformity, social contagion, memory convergence, transactive memory systems, and ritualized practices. We then examine whether nonhuman animals possess functional precursors of these mechanisms. Across taxa, animals exhibit episodic-like and semantic-like memory, social learning, conformity, distributed information systems, and ritualized behaviors that allow groups to store, transmit, and update knowledge beyond individual capacities. These processes support stable traditions, coordinated action, and adaptive responses. Although nonhuman animals show no evidence of autonoetic consciousness or human-like autobiographical memory, we argue that collective memory should be understood as a graded, non-dichotomous phenomenon grounded in distributed cognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":47720,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Cognitive Science","volume":"17 3","pages":"e70035"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148139363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Neural Architecture of Working Memory in Musicians: An ALE Meta-Analysis and Review.","authors":"Lee Wolff, Yixue Quan, William Forde Thompson, Oliver Baumann","doi":"10.1002/wcs.70036","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wcs.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Musical expertise is often associated with enhanced cognitive abilities, underpinned by neural mechanisms unique to musicians. Research has provided evidence of associations between musical training and functional aspects of cognition. However, the neural changes associated with musical expertise, particularly in relation to working memory, remain poorly understood. To address this gap, we conducted an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis to examine differences in functional neural activity between musicians and non-musicians during working memory tasks. Meta-analytic connectivity modeling (MACM) was conducted to explore broader networks of co-activation associated with regions of interest identified during the initial ALE meta-analysis. Nine functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies, including 228 participants (113 musicians and 115 non-musicians), were included in the final analysis. Musicians exhibited hyperactivations in the right medial frontal gyrus and hypoactivations across the right middle occipital gyrus, the right precentral gyrus, the left inferior parietal lobule, the right claustrum, and the left cerebellum during working memory tasks. MACM revealed distributed networks of co-activation with links to various cognitive functions across regions of interest uncovered by the ALE analysis. Based on these findings, we propose that distinct functional networks and enhanced neural efficiency in musicians may support working memory performance across the lifespan. This article is categorized under: Neuroscience > Cognition Psychology > Development and Aging Cognitive Biology > Cognitive Development.</p>","PeriodicalId":47720,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Cognitive Science","volume":"17 3","pages":"e70036"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13265137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148253943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Origins and Evolution of Imagination, From Australopithecus to Modern-Day Deep Learning.","authors":"Kiranpreet K Sidhu, Raymond Roy, Amedeo D'Angiulli","doi":"10.1002/wcs.70030","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wcs.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Where does imagination come from? How did it originate, and which organisms are capable of imagination? What deeper connections does imagination share with consciousness, survival, and the very essence of life? Across both scientific literature and public discourse, imagination is invoked to describe a wide range of phenomena, including artistic creativity, problem solving, symbolic thought, and mental imagery, much like the concept of consciousness, whose interpretation varies across theoretical perspectives. This conceptual breadth motivates the need for a more precise theoretical specification of imagination. In this Perspective, we update and extend prior work that formally specifies imagination as imaginative generativity (IG), a transdisciplinary theoretical construct describing the generative process through which organisms produce novel multisensory imaginings. Through IG, organisms can anticipate potential changes and challenges in their environments and guide internally guided actions. This generative capacity supports adaptive behavior that may extend beyond immediate individual survival to influence species-level development. The formal extension developed in this paper involves identifying the functional characteristics that distinguish imaginative/IG processes from related representational mechanisms such as vivid representing and mental imagery. Relative to our previous IG formulation, the present paper makes three specific contributions: it clarifies the distinction between vivid representing (VR) and imaginative generativity (IG), situates that distinction within an evolutionary and archaeological account of representational change, and uses contemporary AI systems as comparative cases for identifying restricted functional analogues of IG in the absence of reflective, self-awareness. The synthesis we offer uses the language of epistemology as an organizing infrastructure for the development of transdisciplinary theory. While imagination is intuitive, its study demands careful dismantling and re-examination of the underlying assumptions and grounding. Precedents for this methodology exist within psychology and consciousness studies; however, we additionally offer an integrative review to garner supporting evidence across neuroscience, biology, and cognitive science to refine contemporary understanding of imaginative processes and their relationship to cognition and consciousness.</p>","PeriodicalId":47720,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Cognitive Science","volume":"17 3","pages":"e70030"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13145320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Counts as an Environment in Memory Research? Conceptualizing Environment Across Memory Traditions.","authors":"Dylan Chau Huynh, Aja Khalid Hussein, Lars Brorson Fich, Zakaria Djebbara","doi":"10.1002/wcs.70034","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wcs.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research on memory and the physical environment has expanded across neuroscience, environmental psychology, and spatial cognition. Yet the literature remains conceptually diverse. A central reason is that the term environment is used to refer to different kinds of phenomena across traditions. In some studies, environment is treated as a broad category, such as natural versus urban. In others, it is defined through spatial and perceptual features, such as landmarks or space geometry. It is also understood as a contextual or event-related structure that becomes bound to experience and later supports retrieval. These approaches are often discussed separately, even when they address overlapping questions about memory. This review organizes the field into three broad traditions: category-based, feature-based, and context-based accounts. We show how each tradition foregrounds different environmental properties, memory systems, and mechanisms. Category-based work most often links environment to attention and working memory, feature-based work to navigation and spatial representation, and context-based work to episodic encoding and retrieval. By placing these traditions side by side, the review clarifies how the environment has been conceptualized in memory research and how different assumptions about environment shape the questions asked, the methods used, and the kinds of memory effects that become visible. The review further proposes that environment can be understood as contributing to memory in at least three roles: as structure, as navigational scaffold, and as cue. Together, these distinctions provide a structured account of a diverse field and identify directions for future work on the relationship between environment and memory.</p>","PeriodicalId":47720,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Cognitive Science","volume":"17 3","pages":"e70034"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148018177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hope in Early Childhood: Novel Methodology for Measuring Hope in 5- and 6-Year-Olds.","authors":"Ashley Fraser, Anna Calley, Wen Wang, Crystal Bryce, Kate Kennington","doi":"10.1002/wcs.70024","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wcs.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hope, as conceptualized by Snyder's Hope Theory, is a cognitive process that involves goal setting, pathway thinking, and agency. While hope has been widely studied in older children and adults, limited research exists on measuring hope in early childhood. The present study addresses this gap by introducing two novel developmentally appropriate tasks-the Maze Task and the Egg Hunt Task-to assess hope in children aged 5 and 6. The Maze Task evaluates children's pathway thinking and agency through a series of structured mazes, analyzing perseverance, self-talk, emotional responses, and problem-solving strategies. The Egg Hunt Task, conducted 1 year later, refines the measurement by integrating verbal self-assessments and structured prompts based on the Children's Hope Scale. Preliminary results from both tasks suggest that hope is present in early childhood, with children demonstrating goal-directed behavior, flexible problem-solving behavior, and varying degrees of self-efficacy. Although some ceiling effects were observed, findings indicate that hope can be reliably measured before age 8. These novel methodologies contribute to the field by offering observational, interactive, age-appropriate alternatives to traditional self-report surveys. Future research should further refine these measures, explore the stability of hope across early development, and assess interventions that foster hope in young children. This article is categorized under: Cognitive Biology > Cognitive Development Psychology > Emotion and Motivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":47720,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Cognitive Science","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70024"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147460651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multilevel Perceptual-Motor Coupling: From Action Understanding to Execution.","authors":"Zhongquan Du, Yingzhi Lu, Chenglin Zhou","doi":"10.1002/wcs.70028","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wcs.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perceptual-motor coupling, fundamental to human cognition and behavior, plays a crucial role in dynamic interactive contexts ranging from basic motor control to complex action understanding. Recent evidence reveals how kinematic invariants-consistent patterns in human movement-serve as a common language between perception and action, enabling both movement execution and understanding. Through the lens of striking skills-a paradigmatic example that uniquely integrates multiple aspects of perceptual-motor interaction-this review synthesizes evidence for three distinct yet interacting levels of coupling. Level 1 coupling involves fundamental interactions between perceptual and motor processes through dual-stream visual processing, where kinematic invariants are initially extracted and processed. Level 2 encompasses sophisticated control mechanisms that maintain these invariant patterns during action execution through continuous sensorimotor integration. Level 3 coupling transforms these movement patterns into meaningful representations through the action observation network, enabling action understanding and prediction. Evidence indicates these levels operate simultaneously during real-world performance, with kinematic invariants being processed and utilized differently at each level while maintaining continuous interaction between levels. By synthesizing key theories such as the dual-stream model, model-based and online control, and common coding theory in relation to movement invariants, we provide an integrative understanding of perceptual-motor coupling applicable across various domains of human behavior. This multilevel perspective offers insights into the fundamental relationship between perception and action in human cognition, with implications spanning from everyday actions to specialized skills in sports. This article is categorized under: Psychology > Motor Skill and Performance Neuroscience > Behavior Philosophy > Action.</p>","PeriodicalId":47720,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Cognitive Science","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70028"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147469590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the Lab: Cognitive Neuroscience in Real-World Contexts.","authors":"Stephan P Kaufhold, Mia Borzello, Federico Rossano, David Kirsh","doi":"10.1002/wcs.70027","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wcs.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognitive neuroscience has made remarkable advances by conducting rigorously controlled experiments inside the laboratory. However, the generalizability and real-world relevance of these findings remain limited, in part due to fundamental, often unexamined, assumptions about how cognition operates across species and contexts. In this viewpoint, we critically evaluate three commonly held assumptions underlying current cognitive neuroscience practices: (1) laboratory animals serve as accurate representatives of their wild conspecifics; (2) animal models effectively mirror human cognitive processes; and (3) digital twins provide faithful, functionally equivalent representations of their real-world analogs. We argue that these assumptions, if left unexamined, risk narrowing our understanding of cognition by excluding the behavioral flexibility, environmental variability, and agency that natural settings afford. We advocate for an expanded notion of ecological validity to include the naturalness of both subjects and environments, and we highlight methodological shifts, such as the use of enriched experimental contexts, mobile neuroimaging, and immersive virtual environments. By reassessing these foundational assumptions, we advocate for an approach to cognitive neuroscience that better reflects the complexity of real-world behavior, species-specific cognition, and the environments, physical or virtual, in which cognition is embedded.</p>","PeriodicalId":47720,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Cognitive Science","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70027"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12975317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147436682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Networks for Knowledge Modeling: A Gentle Introduction for Data- and Cognitive Scientists.","authors":"Edith Haim, Massimo Stella","doi":"10.1002/wcs.70026","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wcs.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we introduce the reader to the field of cognitive network science, that is, the application of network science methods to study human cognition and knowledge structures. Cognitive networks are representations of associative knowledge between concepts in a cognitive system apt at acquiring, storing, processing and producing language, that is, the mental lexicon. In a cognitive network, nodes represent concepts with links expressing relations, such as semantic, syntactic, phonological and visual connections, for example, \"canine\" and \"dog\" (nodes) linked by \"being synonyms\" (link). Hence, cognitive networks represent associative knowledge in mathematical, measurable and quantifiable ways. Can such structure be used to gain insights over cognitive phenomena? We explore this research question by reviewing recent, pioneering key applications and limitations of cognitive networks across visual, auditory, and semantic language processing tasks, either in healthy or clinical populations. We also review applications of cognitive networks modeling language acquisition, reconstructing text content and assessing creativity or personality traits in individuals. Our paper also gently introduces the reader to mathematical notations, definitions and measures about single-layer and multiplex networks as well as hypergraphs. Last but not least, across phonological, semantic and syntactic networks, we guide the reader through relevant psychological frameworks, datasets and software packages that might all aid current and future cognitive network scientists. This article is categorized under: Psychology > Memory Psychology > Theory and Methods Linguistics > Cognitive.</p>","PeriodicalId":47720,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Cognitive Science","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70026"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12976202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147436636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}