International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Neural impacts of personality on deception for applications of deception detection","authors":"Xiaoling Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinyue Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiumei Chen ,&nbsp;Qianjin Feng ,&nbsp;Meiyan Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although universal, deception may be a sign of certain mental disorders and may impede the effectiveness of clinical intervention. However, individual difference exists in deception, and its underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear, thereby limiting the applicability of deception detection for clinical diagnosis.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Functional near-infrared spectroscopy and multiple aspects of personality assessments [the Behavioral Approach System and the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) scale, and the Neuroticism–Extroversion–Openness Five–Factor Inventory scale] were applied to explore the neural mechanisms underlying individual differences in deception. Furthermore, a transformer-based model considering personality traits was developed to help people detect deception.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Results showed that personality traits influenced deception primarily through activity in the frontopolar area, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and temporoparietal junction area. Moreover, personality traits from different aspects jointly influenced deception, which may vary with behavioral changes. Specifically, extroversion is one of the personality traits partially mediating the effect of BIS on the frontopolar area during deception while being masked during honesty. Additionally, the deception-detection model was found to obtained good classification performance (area under curve: 0.93 ± 0.047), where personality variables contributed to improving the performance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings demonstrated the potential neural impacts of personality in deception for explaining individual differences, which holds great promise in improving the applicability of deception detection for clinical diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100511"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Cognitive Stimulation Therapy show similar efficacy in individuals with mild-to-moderate dementia from varying etiologies? An examination comparing its effectiveness in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia","authors":"Federica Piras ,&nbsp;Elena Carbone ,&nbsp;Riccardo Domenicucci ,&nbsp;Enrico Sella ,&nbsp;Erika Borella","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The effectiveness of the Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST) is well-documented. Nevertheless, the question of whether specific subgroups of individuals with dementia are more or less likely to benefit from this cognitive stimulation intervention remains unaddressed. Here, we directly compared the effectiveness of the Italian CST (CST-IT), delivered in a previous multicenter controlled clinical trial, across two distinct cohorts of individuals clinically diagnosed with Alzheimer's Disease (AD, <em>N</em> = 30) and vascular dementia (VaD, <em>N</em> = 27) in the mild-to-moderate stage.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The impact of dementia subtype (AD vs VaD) on immediate (at intervention completion) benefits of CST-IT in general cognitive functioning, communicative abilities, mood, behavior and perceived quality of life was evaluated through linear mixed effects models. The frequency and severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms at baseline was inserted as a covariate due to the different behavioral profile in the two groups. Exploratory analyses also investigated the potential differential effect of dementia subtype on long-term benefits (three months after intervention).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The CST-IT determined comparable immediate, clinically significant improvements in general cognition and communicative abilities. Dementia subtype influenced short-term benefits in depressive symptoms (with a greater decrease in AD patients) and quality of life (no significant impact in AD, and a small improvement in VaD). Such effects depended on diagnosis-related differences in neuropsychiatric symptoms. At long-term, benefits persisted in general cognition (though depending on the outcome considered). Improvements in narratives were seen in VaD, whereas communicative abilities in AD returned to baseline. Post-intervention gains in depressive symptoms persisted in AD, but not in VaD, although benefits in quality of life remained stable in the latter.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Different mechanisms of neuropsychological change after CST-IT were hypothesized for the different forms of dementia, particularly with respect to crucial outcomes such as language, mood and quality of life, with implications toward the delivery of such psychosocial intervention in clinical contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100510"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142444556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural underpinnings of a two-phase memory suppression process in the neural response to self-related and observed perspective views","authors":"Xinwei Song ,&nbsp;Qi Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Zhang ,&nbsp;Can Liu ,&nbsp;Chunmei Lan ,&nbsp;Xiaolu Zhang ,&nbsp;Ting Xu ,&nbsp;Ran Zhang ,&nbsp;Keith M. Kendrick ,&nbsp;Benjamin Becker ,&nbsp;Weihua Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Individuals often actively suppress intrusive memories to alleviate the distress they cause and maintain mental well-being. However, those with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often exhibit difficulties particularly in inhibiting or suppressing negative memories compared to individuals without PTSD. These memories can involve a physical threat either to the individual themselves or to others. Unfortunately, there is still limited understanding of the cognitive and neural mechanisms that underlie how suppression differs for self-related versus other-related memories. Here we capitalized on multivariate pattern analyses in combination with fMRI data acquired during a two-phase memory suppression paradigm where participants volitionally suppressed and subsequently recognized self-related and other-related stimuli. The results suggested that the recognition process following memory suppression demands more cognitive engagement for self-related stimuli than other-related stimuli, manifesting in increased activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). Furthermore, after memory suppression, we observed a stronger functional coupling between dACC identified during memory suppression, and both the middle frontal gyrus and the insula during self-related recognition compared to other-related recognition. An advanced multivariate pattern analysis substantiated that the limbic system and empathy network particularly contributed to accurately distinguishing between self-related and other-related recognition following memory suppression. Our findings demonstrated distinct neural representations of memory suppression related to self and others, suggesting that different strategies may be employed for suppressing intrusive memories originating from different sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100509"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142424901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The shared neurobiological basis of developmental dyslexia and developmental stuttering: A meta-analysis of functional and structural MRI studies","authors":"Huan Ren ,&nbsp;Yi zhen Li ,&nbsp;Hong-Yan Bi ,&nbsp;Yang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Developmental dyslexia (DD) and persistent developmental stuttering (PDS) are the most representative written and spoken language disorders, respectively, and both significantly hinder life success. Although widespread brain alterations are evident in both DD and PDS, it remains unclear to what extent these two language disorders share common neural substrates.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review and meta-analysis of task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies of PDS and DD were conducted to explore the shared functional and anatomical alterations across these disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results of fMRI studies indicated shared hypoactivation in the left inferior temporal gyrus and inferior parietal gyrus across PDS and DD compared to healthy controls. When examined separately for children and adults, we found that child participants exhibited reduced activation in the left inferior temporal gyrus, inferior parietal gyrus, precentral gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, and inferior frontal gyrus, possibly reflecting the universal causes of written and spoken language disorders. In contrast, adult participants exhibited hyperactivation in the right precentral gyrus and left cingulate motor cortex, possibly reflecting common compensatory mechanisms. Anatomically, the analysis of VBM studies revealed decreased gray matter volume in the left inferior frontal gyrus across DD and PDS, which was exclusively observed in children. Finally, meta-analytic connectivity modeling and brain-behavior correlation analyses were conducted to explore functional connectivity patterns and related cognitive functions of the brain regions commonly involved in DD and PDS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study identified concordances in brain abnormalities across DD and PDS, suggesting common neural substrates for written and spoken language disorders and providing new insights into the transdiagnostic neural signatures of language disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100519"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining efficacy and potential mechanisms of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for anxiety and stress reduction among college students in a cluster-randomized controlled trial","authors":"Oksana K. Ellison ,&nbsp;Lauren E. Bullard ,&nbsp;Gloria K. Lee ,&nbsp;Spiridoula Vazou ,&nbsp;Karin A. Pfeiffer ,&nbsp;Shelby E. Baez ,&nbsp;Matthew B. Pontifex","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pervasiveness of anxiety and stress among college students necessitates the investigation of potential alternative and accessible interventions which can be implemented into existing curricular and student-support programming to improve students' mental health. Mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT) smartphone applications have shown promising outcomes in alleviating anxiety and stress. However, it is essential to gain insight into the feasibility and efficacy of such an interventional approach in a collegiate population, as well as explore potential underlying mechanisms, which could be better targeted to enhance the efficacy of future interventions for promoting mental health and well-being. The aims for this study were (1) to assess the efficacy of a 4-week MBCT intervention using the Sanvello smartphone application in reducing trait-level anxiety and chronic stress in college-aged young adults (<em>n</em> = 150) compared to a positive control group (<em>n</em> = 139), and (2) to examine potential mediators of this effect. Participants completed assessments of trait anxiety, chronic stress, cognitive reappraisal, cognitive refocusing, distractive refocusing, and negative automatic thoughts at pretest and following 4 weeks of the interventions. Analysis of primary outcomes revealed greater reductions in trait anxiety and chronic stress for the MBCT group, relative to the positive control group with small to moderate effect sizes. The anxiolytic and stress-reducing effects of the MBCT intervention were observed to be mediated by changes in negative automatic thoughts but not by changes in cognitive reappraisal, constructive refocusing, or distractive refocusing. Given the efficacy of the Sanvello smartphone application and the overwhelmingly strong assessments of the appropriateness and feasibility of it use; student support initiatives may be well served by adopting such a platform within the context of first-line treatment and prevention of high anxiety and chronic stress within first year college students. Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov [number NCT06019299].</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100514"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142537684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of open-skill and closed-skill exercise on subthreshold depression in female adolescents: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Qian Gu ,&nbsp;Xingzhong Zhao ,&nbsp;Lili Lin ,&nbsp;Wei-Peng Teo ,&nbsp;Libin Liu ,&nbsp;Shiwei Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Subthreshold depression (SD) affects a significant proportion of adolescent females, posing a risk of major depression in later life. This study examines the effects of open-skill exercise (OSE) and closed-skill exercise (CSE) on SD, executive function (EF), and emotional states in female adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A double-blind randomized controlled trial involved 95 female adolescents (mean age = 16.73 ± 0.42 years) with SD symptoms. Participants were assigned to OSE, CSE, or control (CON) groups and underwent an 8-week exercise program. Primary outcomes were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-13) and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), with secondary outcomes including EF tasks and emotional assessments. Differences were examined using generalized linear mixed models with intention-to-treat and multiple imputation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both OSE and CSE significantly reduced depressive symptoms, with CSE showing greater improvement. EF assessments showed enhanced cognitive flexibility and working memory in both exercise groups at 4 weeks, and superior inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility in the CSE group at 8 weeks. Emotional assessments indicated a notable reduction in negative emotions in the CSE group after 8 weeks.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Both OSE and CSE reduce SD symptoms in female adolescents, with CSE providing more sustained benefits for EF and emotional states. Further research on exercise interventions for mental health is warranted.</div><div>Trial registration number: ChiCTR2400081139</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100512"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Midlife heart rate variability and cognitive decline: A large longitudinal cohort study","authors":"Vera K. Jandackova ,&nbsp;Shaun Scholes ,&nbsp;Annie Britton ,&nbsp;Andrew Steptoe","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Autonomic dysfunction is common in dementia, yet its contribution to neurocognitive changes remains unknown. We investigated whether midlife cardiac vagal modulation, indexed by heart rate variability, associates with subsequent cognitive decline in adults without prior coronary heart disease or stroke.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The sample comprised 2702 (1924 men) individuals initially aged 44–69 years from the UK Whitehall II cohort. Data from the fifth (1997–1999), seventh (2002–2004) and ninth (2007–2009) phases were analysed. Global cognitive function was ascertained from tests assessing memory, reasoning, vocabulary, and fluency. We used 12-lead-ECG-based heart rate variability measures, that primarily reflect vagal modulation (i.e. RMSSD and HF-HRV). Linear mixed-effects models and logistic regression were employed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Results showed consistent associations between both vagally-mediated HRV measures and faster decline in global cognitive function. Specifically, low RMSSD and HF-HRV (lowest versus upper four quintiles) were associated with 0.07 SD (95% CI: -0.13, -0.01) and 0.06 SD (95% CI: -0.12, -0.004) accelerated 10-year cognitive decline after sociodemographic adjustments and faster decline in older ages. Further adjustments for lifestyle factors, medication use and other cardiometabolic conditions did not change the findings. Cognitive decline in individuals with low RMSSD and HF-HRV was estimated to progress 3 and 3.5 years faster per decade, respectively, compared to their counterparts. Additionally, participants with low RMSSD had 37% higher odds of low cognitive function (lowest quintile) at follow-up (OR 1.37: 95% CI,1.03, 1.80).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings support the aetiological significance of the autonomic nervous system, specifically vagal modulation, in the processes of cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. Low heart rate variability emerges as a potential biomarker indicative of acclerated cognitive decline that may extend over decades.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100518"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142697747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A longitudinal study on the change of eating disorder-specific and nonspecific habits during weight rehabilitation in anorexia nervosa","authors":"Maria Seidel ,&nbsp;Marie-Louis Wronski ,&nbsp;Fabio Bernardoni ,&nbsp;Julius Hennig ,&nbsp;Nico Poller ,&nbsp;Annekatrin Locke ,&nbsp;Evelina Stender ,&nbsp;Susanne Heckel ,&nbsp;Veit Roessner ,&nbsp;Stefan Ehrlich","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) are characterized by rigid behavioral patterns and habit-like routines, especially regarding food intake. It has been hypothesized that habits contribute to the maintenance of AN-related symptoms. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the role of disorder-specific and nonspecific habits during weight-restoration treatment</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>In this longitudinal study, we examined the frequency of habits using ecological momentary assessment in 44 adolescent patients with AN who were undergoing inpatient nutritional rehabilitation. All patients had two data collection periods: baseline at admission, and follow-up shortly before discharge from treatment. An age-matched healthy control group was included to assess normalization at follow-up</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Analyses revealed a significant decrease in food-intake and hygiene-related habit frequency from baseline to follow-up. Furthermore, at follow-up habit frequency of both categories no longer differed between AN and controls. Moreover, the degree of reduction of food intake habits was predictive of weight gain at follow-up</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings may suggest that habitual behaviors are state factors, mainly present during the acute phase of the disorder, which advances our understanding of the habit hypothesis in AN. Changing such behaviors may be important for weight restoration, highlighting the potential value of interventions targeting habits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100522"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender disparities in attitudes, norms, and perceived control related to intentional condomless sexual intercourse: A psychosocial theory-driven comparison among cisgender heterosexual male and female college varsity athletes in Taiwan","authors":"Jiun-Hau Huang ,&nbsp;Fang-Yu Li ,&nbsp;Chia-Hsien Hsu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While condom use has been extensively studied as a protective behavior, research directly focusing on condomless sexual intercourse (CSI) as a distinct and intentional risk behavior, particularly regarding gender differences, remains scarce.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Building upon the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this study addresses this gap by comparing TPB factors and individual TPB items regarding intentional CSI among cisgender heterosexual college varsity athletes in Taiwan (<em>N</em> = 1348).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>High CSI intention was more prevalent among men (53.6 %) than women (31.7 %). Our expanded TPB framework identified five distinct TPB factors pertaining to attitudes, norms, and perceived control. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that all five TPB factors were significantly associated with CSI intention among men, but only three among women. Notably, our factor analysis differentiated attitudes toward positive/negative outcomes of CSI and perceived control under facilitating/constraining conditions, revealing attitudes toward positive outcomes of CSI as the strongest driver of CSI intention among both men (AOR = 2.51–4.09) and women (AOR = 3.79–5.71). Further analysis of TPB items disclosed that men prioritized psychological pleasure (AOR = 2.18), whereas women exhibited a “partner-centered” tendency, emphasizing trust by sex partners (AOR = 3.43).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Overall, men exhibited more favorable views toward CSI than women, with gender differences evident in the differential associations of varying TPB factors and items with CSI intention. Future research could explore the development of these differential attitudes, norms, and perceived control concerning CSI. Given the modifiable nature of TPB variables, our study’s insights can inform actionable strategies and targeted interventions tailored for young men and women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100504"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142424898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormalities of cortical and subcortical spontaneous brain activity unveil mechanisms of disorders of consciousness and prognosis in patients with severe traumatic brain injury","authors":"Chang Li ,&nbsp;Peng Chen ,&nbsp;Yongbing Deng ,&nbsp;Lei Xia ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Wang ,&nbsp;Min Wei ,&nbsp;Xingdong Wang ,&nbsp;Lun Dong ,&nbsp;Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the spatial distribution characteristics of alterations in spontaneous brain activity in severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC), based on the mesocircuit theoretical framework, and to establish models for predicting recovery of consciousness.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was employed to measure the mean fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (mfALFF) in sTBI patients with DOC and healthy controls, identifying differential brain regions for conducting gene and functional decoding analyses. Patients were classified into wake and DOC groups according to Extended Glasgow Outcome Score at 6 months. Furthermore, predictive models for consciousness recovery were developed using Nomogram and Linear Support Vector Machine (LSVM) based on mfALFF.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 28 sTBI patients with DOC and 30 healthy controls were included, with no significant baseline differences between groups (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). The results revealed increased mfALFF of subcortical Ascending Reticular Activating System and decreased cortical mfALFF (default mode network) in DOC patients within the framework of the mesocircuit model (FDR_<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001, Clusters &gt; 100). The study identified 2080 differentially expressed genes associated with reduced brain activity regions, indicating mechanisms involving synaptic function, the oxytocin signaling pathway, and GABAergic processes in DOC formation. In addition, significantly higher mfALFF values were observed in the left angular gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, and inferior parietal lobule of DOC group compared to the wake group (AlphaSim_<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01, Cluster &gt; 19). The Nomogram prediction model highlighted the pivotal role of these regions' activity levels in prognosis (AUC = 0.90). Validation using LSVM demonstrated robust predictive performance with an AUC of 0.90 and positive predictive values of 80% for wake and 83% for DOC.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study offered crucial insights underlying DOC in sTBI patients, demonstrating the dissociation between cortical and subcortical brain activities. The findings supported the use of mfALFF as a robust and non-invasive biomarker for evaluating brain function and predicting recovery outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"24 4","pages":"Article 100528"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}