International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Physical function varies according to characteristics of executive dysfunction in patients with stroke","authors":"Katsuya Sakai,&nbsp;Yuichiro Hosoi,&nbsp;Yusuke Harada,&nbsp;Yuichi Kato,&nbsp;Junpei Tanabe,&nbsp;Takayuki Miyauchi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>While executive dysfunction significantly impacts physical function, most clinical assessments rely on total composite scores, potentially overlooking the heterogeneity of specific subcomponent impairments and their unique contributions to motor recovery. This study aimed to identify distinct profiles of executive dysfunction based on the score distribution of Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) subitems and clarify their specific associations with motor and balance impairments in patients with stroke.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seventy-eight patients with subacute stroke were participated in this observational study. Assessments were used the FAB, Brunnstrom Recovery Stage (BRS), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT). Representational Similarity Analysis (RSA) and k-means clustering were applied to FAB subitem scores to identify patient subgroups based on the similarity of their executive profiles.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three distinct clusters were identified: Cluster 1 (Inhibitory Control Impairment, N = 32), Cluster 2 (Motor Programming Impairment, N = 18), and Cluster 3 (Mild, N = 28). Notably, no significant differences were observed among the clusters in total FAB scores or other global cognitive measures (P &gt; 0.05). However, physical function significantly varied; Cluster 3 demonstrated significantly superior performance in BRS, BBS, and TUGT scores compared to Clusters 1 and 2 (P &lt; 0.05), which exhibited lower physical function despite their different executive profiles.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study suggested that the individual differences in executive dysfunction—which cannot be observed in total scores—and motor dysfunction within clusters are associated with different factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"26 3","pages":"Article 100725"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149052352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the links between sexting patterns, gender, sexual orientation and psychological distress: A cluster analysis","authors":"Edoardo Saija,&nbsp;Alberto Amadori,&nbsp;Giulia Prestera,&nbsp;Antonella Brighi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines sexting patterns, moving beyond traditional unidimensional approaches. Using a person-centered framework, a Two-Step Cluster Analysis was conducted on a sample of 460 Italian university students (age range: 18–45 years-old, <em>M</em> = 23.32, <em>SD</em> = 4.27, 76.3% women). Sexting experiences were operationalized through five indicators distinguishing between consensual or coerced, partner or third-party-mediated exchanges, while anxiety, depression, and stress were assessed as dependent variables. The analysis identified four distinct clusters: Low-Engagement Sexting (60.4%), Sexting with Third Parties (14.4%), Sexting with Partner(s) (13.8%), and High-Engagement and Exposure in Sexting (11.3%). Results from ANCOVAs, controlling for gender and sexual orientation, revealed that the high-engagement and exposure in sexting cluster, characterized by pervasive engagement across all indicators, reported significantly higher levels of anxiety and depression compared to other groups. Furthermore, individuals experiencing unsolicited and third-part-mediated exposure exhibited elevated stress levels. While gender-diverse and sexual minority participants reported overall higher psychological distress, no significant interaction effects were found between cluster membership and sociodemographic factors. These findings highlight that psychological outcomes are contingent upon the configuration of consent, agency, and relational context rather than the frequency of sexting alone. The study underscores the need for targeted interventions and comprehensive digital sexuality education that addresses the nuances of online consensual and non-consensual interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"26 3","pages":"Article 100719"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148947918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct value-modulated connectomic signatures during monetary incentive anticipation predict severity and craving in internet gaming disorder","authors":"Zifeng Wang,&nbsp;Guangdong Zhou,&nbsp;Yifan Liu,&nbsp;Yuchen Huang,&nbsp;Taoyu Wu,&nbsp;Shiqiu Meng,&nbsp;Chengyao Qian,&nbsp;Yan Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Internet gaming disorder (IGD) involves dysregulated incentive processing, yet precise neural substrates remain inconsistent. While the Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) task assesses reward systems, traditional analyses conflate reward valence (Value) and motivational salience, masking process-specific neural alterations. This study evaluated which neural features—from localized activity to large-scale connectivity—most effectively characterize IGD clinical phenotypes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed fMRI data from 90 regular gamers, including 45 participants in the IGD group and 45 matched recreational game users (RGU), who performed a MID task with five reward/loss levels. Applying the Orthogonal-Decoding (DeCoP) framework, we dissociated anticipation BOLD signals into independent Value and Salience components. We compared localized activation (GLM), multivariate spatial patterns (Searchlight MVPA), and task-modulated functional connectivity (gPPI). Connectome-based Predictive Modeling (CPM) identified neural signatures predicting symptom severity and craving. An exploratory subsample (<em>n</em> = 15; 3 IGD and 12 RGU) completed clinical assessments approximately 12 months later.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Localized activation and spatial patterns showed no significant group differences across either anticipation or feedback. However, positive Value-modulated connectivity during anticipation significantly predicted IGD symptom severity (66 stable edges, <em>ρ</em> = .317, <em>p</em> = .002) and craving (37 stable edges, <em>ρ</em> = .348, <em>p</em> &lt; .001). The intersection of these positive connectome models revealed a shared Value network (16 stable edges) anchored in a medial frontal–cerebellar circuit. Exploratory follow-up analysis showed that baseline shared-network strength was associated with 12-month craving (<em>ρ</em> = .724, <em>p</em> = .002).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings suggest the neurobiological core of IGD is linked to aberrant network-level coordination during reward anticipation, rather than regional hyper-reactivity or feedback processing deficits. We identify anticipatory valuation dysregulation as a key feature of IGD, offering a process-specific connectomic signature of IGD symptomatology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"26 3","pages":"Article 100724"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148996917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating screening and clinical interviews to assess clinically relevant addictive exercise behaviour in athletes","authors":"Maria Geisler,&nbsp;Alexandra Arnold,&nbsp;Oliver Stoll,&nbsp;Birgitta Schiller,&nbsp;Eva Wimmer,&nbsp;Marco Herbsleb,&nbsp;Feliberto de la Cruz,&nbsp;Andy Schumann,&nbsp;Karl-Jürgen Bär","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Questionnaire-based tools such as the Exercise Dependence Scale (EDS) are widely used to identify athletes exhibiting dependence-like features, but it remains unclear how these classifications relate to clinically relevant addictive exercise behaviour. This study combined quantitative screening with semi-structured, study-specific clinical interviews to (1) examine the proportion of athletes showing high EDS scores who meet ICD-11 criteria for a disorder due to addictive behaviour (6C5Y), (2) characterize psychological and motivational differences between athletes meeting versus not meeting ICD-11-based criteria for clinically relevant addictive exercise behaviour, and (3) identify the most discriminative candidate features of this classification.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 342 endurance athletes (159 female, 183 male) completed an online survey including the EDS, life satisfaction, and motivational factors. Athletes exceeding the EDS cut-off (&gt;77; n = 63) and consenting to re-contact were invited to semi-structured, study-specific clinical interviews based on ICD-11 criteria for disorders due to addictive behaviors and additionally completed the SCL-90-R; 34 athletes participated in the interview phase (attrition rate: 46.0%).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 34 EDS-positive athletes who completed the clinical interview, 24 (70.6 %, 95 % CI: 52.5–84.9 %) met ICD-11-based criteria for clinically relevant addictive exercise behaviour. Compared to athletes not meeting these criteria, those meeting ICD-11-based criteria reported greater withdrawal-related symptoms, more comorbidities, lower life satisfaction, and higher weight-related exercise motivation, while training volume did not differ. In an exploratory LASSO model, withdrawal symptoms and past comorbidities emerged as preliminary candidate discriminative features of ICD-11-based classification status.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>High EDS scores may reflect elevated exercise dependence features in endurance athletes, whereas not all meet ICD-11 criteria for clinically relevant addictive exercise behaviour. These findings highlight the importance of withdrawal-related symptoms and comorbidities for differential assessment and support a multi-method approach to distinguish high involvement or dependence from clinically relevant addictive exercise behaviour. However, findings from the interview phase should be interpreted cautiously given the small sample size and exploratory nature of the analyses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"26 3","pages":"Article 100718"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148859108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The future seen: Does episodic future thinking influence health decision-making in adolescents?","authors":"Haide Chen,&nbsp;Zixuan Liu,&nbsp;Enjin Zheng,&nbsp;Yu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although prior research has clearly demonstrated the general impact of episodic future thinking (EFT) on behavioral decision-making, there has been a scarcity of studies investigating how different features of EFT might variably affect health-related intertemporal choices in adolescents. This lack of research hinders our comprehension of the functional specificity of EFT. The present research aimed to examine how three specific characteristics of EFT (i.e., temporal distance, health relevance, and simulation perspective) influence health-related intertemporal decision-making in adolescent populations. Three experiments were designed and conducted with 248 adolescents aged 15 to 17 years. The decision-making was measured by health-related intertemporal decision-making task. Study 1 experimentally manipulated temporal distance through an episodic thinking imagination task, comparing intertemporal choice between a near-term EFT condition and a long-term EFT condition. Study 2 manipulated the content of EFT (specifically for long-term EFT), comparing intertemporal choice between a health-relevant EFT condition and a health-irrelevant EFT condition. Study 3 manipulated the perspective adopted during EFT simulation (specifically for long-term EFT within health-relevant content), comparing intertemporal choice between a first-person perspective EFT condition and a third-person perspective EFT condition. Study 1 found that ‌long-term‌ EFT was more conducive to health decisions than near-term‌ EFT. Study 2 found that ‌health-relevant‌ EFT was more effective than ‌health-irrelevant‌ EFT. Study 3 found that ‌third-person‌ perspective simulation promoted better health decisions compared to ‌first-person‌ perspective simulation. These findings highlight the functional specificity of EFT and suggest that its impact on intertemporal decision-making can be optimized by manipulating temporal distance, content relevance, and simulation perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"26 3","pages":"Article 100721"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148947917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parenting style profiles in families of children with ADHD using a person-centred approach","authors":"Marisol Cueli,&nbsp;Natalia Martín,&nbsp;Nerea Quiroga,&nbsp;Ada Mesa-Prado,&nbsp;Paloma González-Castro","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been linked to problematic parent-child interactions in the family setting, which can influence the development of the disorder in terms of how it progresses and the types and severity of symptoms. The present study aims to determine parenting style profiles in a sample of families of children with ADHD and the relationship between those profiles and ADHD-severity and type of presentation (both reported by parents). A total of 189 parents of children with ADHD aged 6 to 16 years old participated in the study. Profiles of parenting styles were produced by considering a combination of variables associated with the two dimensions of parent–child interactions, responsiveness and demandingness (through the variables: warmth-communication, criticism-rejection, inductive, rigid, and indulgent discipline). We conducted Latent Profile Analysis and identified four parenting style profiles: authoritarian, authoritative, permissive-neglectful and mixed. The most common parenting style was an authoritative style. In contrast, the least common profiles were the authoritarian and the mixed styles characterized by higher levels of criticism-rejection. Profiles were examined with an exploratory and descriptive approach in terms of ADHD-Severity and ADHD-Type of presentation. In conclusion, we highlight the importance of defining the distinct parenting practices based on the dimensions of responsiveness and demandingness, and the importance of analysing family interactions in relation to ADHD in children, although more research is still needed related to the type, and especially the severity, of ADHD symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"26 3","pages":"Article 100722"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148948133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of CAVE automatic virtual environment (CAVE) on user experience and health outcomes: A systematic review","authors":"Courtney Song En TAN,&nbsp;Wei Ting CHEN,&nbsp;Ying JIANG,&nbsp;Shawn Leng Hsien SOH,&nbsp;Celestine Wei Yu LOH,&nbsp;Joanne TAY,&nbsp;Mei Sin CHONG,&nbsp;Sok Ying LIAW","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100716","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Many virtual reality systems, including the fully immersive Cave Automatic Virtual Environment (CAVE), have been developed over the years. Although CAVE has been used primarily in domains such as research, training, and visualisation, its application in therapeutic interventions has also been explored. However, the extent to which specific characteristics of CAVE shape user experience and contribute to measurable health outcomes, including motor function, psychological well-being, and cognitive performance, in neurological, developmental and psychiatric conditions requires further review.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This review aims to identify CAVE's characteristics and to synthesise the user experience and health outcomes reported for interventions delivered through these systems in neurological, developmental, and psychiatric conditions.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Method&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Eligible studies were sourced across six electronic databases, grey literature, trial registries, and hand-searching from 2014 to October 2024. Randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies were eligible. Because of substantial heterogeneity in populations, system configurations, intervention content, and outcome measures, meta-analysis was not appropriate and a narrative synthesis was conducted. A narrative synthesis was conducted. Quality appraisal was conducted using Cochrane's Risk of Bias (RoB) tool and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Checklist for Quasi-Experimental Studies.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Fifteen studies (552 participants) were analysed, and most were appraised as moderate quality. Interventions were delivered through CAVE systems for diverse age groups, including children aged 6 months to 14 years, adults aged 18 and older, and older adults over 60. Interventions delivered through CAVE were associated with improvements in gait and balance in most studies, whereas findings for psychological well-being and cognitive function were drawn from a small number of small, heterogeneous studies and were inconsistent. Where user experience was assessed (four studies), participants generally described the environment as enjoyable and reported few side effects such as cybersickness, although one study rated presence and involvement lower than with a head-mounted display (HMD).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Interventions delivered through CAVE systems have demonstrated preliminary evidence of improving clinical outcomes in users with neurological, developmental, and psychiatric conditions. However, the current evidence base is small, heterogeneous in system configuration and intervention content, and largely of moderate quality. Compared to HMDs, CAVE systems may offer a less isolating experience due to their open, projection-based design. However, evidence on relative immersion is mixed. The risk of cybersickness appeared low across most included studies, though this varied by system design and pa","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"26 3","pages":"Article 100716"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148947920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid sleep-wake states in psychosis: Examining a comprehensive array of unusual sleep and dream experiences in patients with psychosis compared to non-clinical controls","authors":"Nirit Soffer-Dudek,&nbsp;Hila Sharon-Hatiel,&nbsp;Oleg Shumaiko,&nbsp;Alona Popova,&nbsp;Jonathan Guez","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Psychosis has been likened to dream-like mentation permeating waking, with hallucinatory experiences, flawed logic, and salience of one’s internal world over sensory perception. Some exceptional dream and sleep experiences have been viewed as representing hybrid states between sleep and waking, for example, dreams of falling/flying, dreams of awakening, lucid dreams, sleepwalking, hypnagogic hallucinations, and sleep paralysis. Several of these phenomena have been associated with psychopathological distress in general, and schizotypy and dissociative experiences in particular - dimensional manifestations of core experiences in psychotic disorders. To better understand sleep-wake mechanisms in psychosis, we wished to examine a host of sleep and dream experiences in patients with psychotic disorders. <em>N</em> = 75 patients were compared to <em>n</em> = 72 non-clinical controls on various exceptional sleep/dream experiences, as well as several universal dream themes. The clinical group had poorer sleep quality, and elevated dream phenomena including a general sleep experiences factor (e.g., awakening dreams, falling/flying dreams), lucid dreams, and hypnagogic/hypnopompic hallucinations, even when accounting for sleep quality. Dreams of persecution and grandiosity were elevated in the clinical group, but grandiosity seemed to be confounded by atypical antipsychotic medication use. We exploratorily examined differences between affective and non-affective psychosis but those analyses are limited by sample size. To conclude, researching dreams may shed light on blurred boundaries between wake and sleep in psychosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"26 3","pages":"Article 100726"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149160093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updating deficits in subjective cognitive decline: A differential pattern of executive dysfunction across clinical stages","authors":"Yuetan Wang,&nbsp;Wenni Zhan,&nbsp;Zhuoyan Wu,&nbsp;Yan Zhang,&nbsp;Zhuo Ma,&nbsp;Xiaobin Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Identifying objective cognitive markers in the preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD), particularly in Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD), is critical for early intervention. While executive function comprises three core components (inhibition, updating/switching), their impairment trajectory during the SCD-to-Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) progression remains unclear. This study aims to systematically compare these components among Cognitively Normal (NC), SCD, and MCI individuals to determine the earliest sensitive cognitive indicators of AD pathology.</div><div>Community-dwelling adults aged ≥50 years were classified into NC, SCD, and MCI groups based on comprehensive screening (MoCA, SCD-Q, CDR, ADL). All participants completed standardized computerized tasks assessing inhibition (Oddball, Stop Signal Task), updating (spatial 1-back, VWM task), and switching (task-cue paradigm). One-way ANOVA with post-hoc tests compared group differences in accuracy and reaction time.</div><div>SCD showed no difference from NC in inhibition but intermediate switch costs; crucially, SCD’s spatial 1-back performance was significantly worse than NC and comparable to MCI, indicating early MCI-level updating deficits. Visuospatial storage capacity showed gradual impairment. Updating ability (visuospatial working memory) is the earliest and stably impaired indicator in SCD, serving as a sensitive marker for ultra-early AD screening.</div><div>These findings suggest that updating ability, particularly visuospatial working memory, is the earliest and most stable impaired executive component, making it a sensitive behavioral marker for identifying high-risk SCD and enabling ultra-early AD screening. In contrast, significant impairments in inhibition and switching are delayed or progressive. This provides new scientific evidence for early assessment and targeted cognitive intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"26 3","pages":"Article 100728"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149211852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transdiagnostic physiological correlates of unpredictable threat anticipation","authors":"Hannes Per Carsten,&nbsp;Kai Härpfer,&nbsp;Franziska Magdalena Kausche,&nbsp;Anja Riesel","doi":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijchp.2026.100723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Responses to unpredictable threat have been proposed as a candidate mechanism in anxiety-related psychopathology, but clinical findings remain heterogeneous and often rely on single physiological outcomes. The present study examined whether physiological responses during threat anticipation map onto categorical and dimensional conceptualizations of psychopathology across the anxiety and obsessive-compulsive spectrum. In a transdiagnostic sample of <em>N</em> = 163 participants, patients with specific phobia, social anxiety disorder (SAD), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), as well as unaffected controls completed the NPU-threat test in order to measure responses to predictable and unpredictable threat. Physiological responding was assessed using startle reflex, skin conductance responses (SCR), and event-related potentials indexing early sensory processing (N1) and later attentional allocation (P3). Results indicated a group-based effect for SCR, such that patients with OCD showed enhanced autonomic responding during unpredictable threat anticipation. Dimensionally, anxious arousal was associated with reduced SCR during unpredictable threat and lower P3 amplitudes across conditions. Intolerance of uncertainty modulated startle particularly in controls, and anxious apprehension was associated with increased N1 amplitudes in OCD. Exploratory latent profile analysis identified three multisystem physiological response profiles. A threat-reactive profile characterized by increased N1 and both increased SCR and startle to unpredictable threat was particularly clinically enriched, showing higher clinical severity, greater representation of SAD and OCD, and elevated anxious apprehension and social anxiety symptoms. Together, findings suggest that threat anticipation in anxiety-related psychopathology is best understood as a multisystem and partly transdiagnostic process rather than as a single physiological marker of diagnostic status or unpredictable-threat sensitivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47673,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology","volume":"26 3","pages":"Article 100723"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148996918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}