Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Epidemiology of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Trigger Finger in South Korea: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.","authors":"Min-Seo Kim, Jae Kwang Kim, Ye-Jee Kim, Young Ho Shin","doi":"10.4055/cios23281","DOIUrl":"10.4055/cios23281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and trigger finger are representative pathologic conditions of the hand. Although several studies have evaluated the epidemiology of these diseases as nationwide population-based research, they had several limitations including old data and short study period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients aged ≥ 20 years diagnosed with CTS or trigger finger between 2009 and 2019 using the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database. The annual incidence of these diseases was standardized based on age and sex. The proportion of patients who received corticosteroid injections or surgery within 1 year of their diagnoses was calculated annually.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean annual incidence of CTS was 360.26 per 100,000 person-years and that of trigger finger was 63.09 per 100,000 person-years. The annual incidence of CTS (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 0.979; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.972-0.985; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and trigger finger (IRR, 0.976; 95% CI, 0.967-0.985; <i>p</i> < 0.001) significantly decreased. The proportion of patients who received corticosteroid injections for CTS significantly increased (relative risk [RR], 1.025; 95% CI, 1.020-1.031; <i>p</i> < 0.001), while the number of surgeries significantly decreased (RR, 0.949; 95% CI, 0.940-0.957; <i>p</i> < 0.001). The proportion of patients who received corticosteroid injections for trigger finger significantly increased (RR, 1.021; 95% CI, 1.009-1.033; <i>p</i> < 0.001), while the number of surgeries did not change significantly (RR, 1.006; 95% CI, 0.988-1.023; <i>p</i> = 0.523).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the past 10 years, the incidence of CTS and trigger finger decreased. The portion of patients who received corticosteroid injections increased for both diseases, but the portion of patients who had surgery decreased for CTS within 1 year after diagnosis. This study provides insight into the epidemiology of these diseases in an Asian population and may inform estimates of healthcare costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":47648,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery","volume":"16 5","pages":"774-781"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11444955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142373212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple and Safe Soft-Tissue Coverage Technique Using the Bipedicled Flap in the Lower Leg.","authors":"Dong Uk Jin, Yohan Lee, Young Ho Lee","doi":"10.4055/cios23395","DOIUrl":"10.4055/cios23395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Skin and soft-tissue defects in the lower legs present significant challenges for surgeons, especially when tendons, bones, or implants are exposed. In such cases, simple dressings or skin grafts are insufficient, necessitating flap surgery. The bipedicled flap is a simpler and more reliable method with a high success rate compared to other flaps, showing minimal flap failures. This study aimed to examine the advantages and limitations of using a bipedicled flap for soft-tissue reconstruction in the lower legs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study reviewed medical records from January 2013 to May 2020, involving 10 bipedicled flaps performed on the lower legs. The study included 5 male and 5 female patients, with an average age of 54.5 years. The defects were due to various causes, including trauma, tumor surgery, postoperative complications such as dehiscence and skin necrosis, and chronic osteomyelitis. The size of the defects ranged from 4 × 3 cm to 16 × 13 cm. The outcomes assessed included flap viability, postoperative complications, and patient satisfaction. Patient satisfaction was assessed on a 15-point scale, evaluating appearance, function, and sensation with up to 5 points each, and categorizing scores as poor (1-3), below average (4-6), average (7-9), good (10-12), and excellent (13-15).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All flaps were successfully performed, and there were no cases showing any special complications. Patient satisfaction following the operation was excellent in 3 patients, good in 6 patients, and average in 1 patient, with an overall average score of 11.5 (good) out of 15 among the 10 patients evaluated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The bipedicled flap is a simple and secure method for treating soft-tissue defects in the lower legs. Therefore, this technique can be considered as one of the viable options for treating such defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":47648,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery","volume":"16 5","pages":"782-789"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11444951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142373231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand/Osteoprotegerin Ratio in Synovial Fluid as a Potential Marker for Periprosthetic Osteolysis Following Total Ankle Arthroplasty.","authors":"Gun-Woo Lee, Ji-Eun Song, Jeong-Eun Han, Nack-Sung Kim, Keun-Bae Lee","doi":"10.4055/cios23411","DOIUrl":"10.4055/cios23411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periprosthetic osteolysis is a prevalent complication following total ankle arthroplasty (TAA), implicating various cytokines in osteoclastogenesis as pivotal in this process. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between osteolysis and the concentrations of osteoclastogenesis-related cytokines in synovial fluid and investigate its clinical value following TAA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Synovial fluid samples from 23 ankles that underwent revision surgery for osteolysis following TAA were analyzed as the osteolysis group. As a control group, we included synovial fluid samples obtained from 23 ankles during primary TAA for osteoarthritis. The receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio in these samples was quantified using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques, and a bead-based multiplex immunoassay facilitated the detection of specific osteoclastogenesis-related cytokines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RANKL levels averaged 487.9 pg/mL in 14 of 23 patients in the osteolysis group, with no detection in the control group's synovial fluid. Conversely, a significant reduction in OPG levels was observed in the osteolysis group (<i>p</i> = 0.002), resulting in a markedly higher mean RANKL/OPG ratio (0.23) relative to controls (<i>p</i> = 0.020). Moreover, the osteolysis group had increased concentrations of various osteoclastogenesis-related cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IP-10, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1) in the synovial fluid relative to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results demonstrated that periprosthetic osteolysis was associated with osteoclastogenesis activation through an elevated RANKL/OPG ratio following TAA. We assume that RANKL and other osteoclastogenesis-related cytokines in the synovial fluid have clinical value as a potential marker for the development and progression of osteolysis following TAA.</p>","PeriodicalId":47648,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery","volume":"16 4","pages":"661-668"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262952/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Posteromedial Approach for Harvesting Hamstring Autografts Results in Fewer Incidents of Saphenous Nerve Injury Compared to the Conventional Anteromedial Approach: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Napatpong Thamrongskulsiri, Danaithep Limskul, Thanathep Tanpowpong, Somsak Kuptniratsaikul, Thun Itthipanichpong","doi":"10.4055/cios23396","DOIUrl":"10.4055/cios23396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The hamstring autograft can be harvested using various skin incisions, such as vertical, transverse, and oblique incisions, and from different localizations, including anteromedial and posteromedial harvest sites. The aim of this study was to compare studies on the anteromedial and posteromedial approaches for hamstring autograft harvest in terms of clinical outcomes, saphenous nerve injury, infection, operative time, graft length, incision length, range of motion, and patient satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, a search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus, focusing on studies comparing anteromedial and posterior approaches for hamstring harvest. This study was registered with the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42023450249). Methodological quality was evaluated using the Modified Coleman Methodology Score. Odds ratios (ORs) and mean differences (MDs) quantified dichotomous and continuous outcomes, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five articles, involving 405 knees, underwent analysis. Four studies were level 3 evidence, while 1 was level 1. The anteromedial hamstring harvest showed higher rates of saphenous nerve injury (OR, 9.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.19-43.65; <i>p</i> = 0.003) and longer operative times, with an MD of about 13 minutes (MD, 13.33; 95% CI, 0.68-25.97; <i>p</i> = 0.04), compared to the posteromedial approach. The anteromedial method yielded a longer semitendinosus graft, with an MD of about 17 mm (MD, 17.57; 95% CI, 7.17-27.98; <i>p</i> = 0.0009). However, no significant differences existed in range of motion, flexion contracture, unintentional graft harvest, infection rates, and patient-reported outcomes. Notably, the posteromedial group reported higher cosmetic satisfaction, with 92% being very satisfied, compared to the anteromedial group with 80% (<i>p</i> = 0.005). However, overall satisfaction levels were similar between the 2 groups (<i>p</i> = 0.35), with a very satisfied rate of 72% for the anteromedial group and 78% for the posteromedial group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The anteromedial hamstring harvest showed greater saphenous nerve injury and longer operative times compared to the posteromedial approach, along with a longer graft. However, no significant differences were observed in the range of motion, flexion contracture, graft harvest, infection, or patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47648,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery","volume":"16 4","pages":"559-569"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the Nonunion Rate of Atypical Femoral Fractures Differ According to Fracture Site?: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Byung-Ho Yoon, Minsub Kim, Young Hak Roh","doi":"10.4055/cios23386","DOIUrl":"10.4055/cios23386","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The nonunion rate for atypical femoral fractures (AFF) is known to be higher than that for typical fractures of the femur. We performed a meta-analysis to determine the incidence of nonunion necessitating reoperation following fixation for AFF and compare the rates according to the fracture site (subtrochanter or midshaft).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 742 AFFs from 29 studies were included. A proportion meta-analysis utilizing a random-effects model was conducted to estimate the prevalence of nonunion. The outcomes were the incidence of reoperations that included osteosynthesis. To determine the association of nonunion with patient mean age or average duration of bisphosphonate use, meta-regression analysis was done.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In proportion meta-analysis, the estimated pooled prevalence of nonunion was 7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5%-10%) from all studies. There was a significant difference in nonunion rate between the 2 groups (I² = 34.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.02); the estimated prevalence of nonunion was 15% (95% CI, 10%-20%) in subtrochanteric AFFs and 4% (95% CI, 2%-6%) in midshaft AFFs. From meta-regression analysis, significant correlations were identified between nonunion rate and patient mean age (coefficient: -0.0071, <i>p</i> = 0.010), but not in the average duration of bisphosphonate use (coefficient: -0.0024, <i>p</i> = 0.744).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A notable disparity existed in the nonunion rate among subtrochanteric AFFs and midshaft AFFs group. Therefore, it is critical for orthopedic surgeons to consider the complexity and challenges associated with AFF and to estimate the proper possibility of nonunion according to the fracture site.</p>","PeriodicalId":47648,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery","volume":"16 4","pages":"533-541"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Osteochondral Autologous Transplantation with Ipsilateral Lateral Talar Autograft for Medial Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus.","authors":"Jae Wan Suh, Joo Han Kwon, Dae Hee Lee, Jae Uk Jung, Hyun-Woo Park","doi":"10.4055/cios23327","DOIUrl":"10.4055/cios23327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Osteochondral autologous transplantation (OAT) has been widely used in the treatment of osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT). Previous studies have reported successful outcomes following the use of osteochondral autogenous grafts from the intercondylar notch of the knee or a non-weight-bearing region of the femoral condyle. However, donor-site morbidity of the knee joint has been observed in several cases. This study aimed to investigate the outcomes and safety of OAT with autografts from the ipsilateral lateral talar articular facet as an alternative donor site for medial OLT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Among 40 patients who underwent OAT, 29 patients were excluded. Eleven patients who underwent OAT with an osteochondral graft harvested from the ipsilateral lateral talar articular facet from 2011 to 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The size of OLT was measured on ankle magnetic resonance imaging, including coronal length, sagittal length, depth, and area. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot scale and a visual analog scale (VAS). Weight-bearing ankle radiographs were obtained postoperatively and at 1 year after surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average follow-up time after surgery was 64.7 months (range, 14-137 months). The average diameter of lesions was 8.8 mm (range, 8-9.9 mm). The average size of lesions was 51.2 mm² (range, 33.6-71.3 mm²) , and all lesions included subchondral cysts. The average depth of lesions was 7.3 mm (range, 6.2-9.1 mm). Graft sizes ranged from 8 to 10 mm in diameter (8 mm, n = 1; 10 mm, n = 10) All measured clinical outcomes improved postoperatively, including the AOFAS scores (preoperative, 55.4 ± 9.0; 1-year follow-up, 92.1 ± 7.6; <i>p</i> = 0.001) and VAS scores (preoperative, 5.5 ± 0.7; 1-year follow-up, 1.9 ± 0.8; <i>p</i> = 0.001). All weight-bearing ankle radiographs of the graft and donor sites did not reveal arthritic change in the ankle joint, lateral talar dome collapse, and graft-site delayed union or nonunion at 1 year after surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For a single medial OLT, harvesting autografts from the ipsilateral lateral talar articular facet without knee donor-site morbidities can be a good alternative in OAT for OLT.</p>","PeriodicalId":47648,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery","volume":"16 4","pages":"620-627"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Characteristics by Age and Sex in Pediatric Trigger Digits: Nationwide Analysis Using Korea Health Insurance Dataset.","authors":"SeongJu Choi, Hyunsun Lim, Cheungsoo Ha, Heemin Choi, Jaeseok Chae, Jun-Ku Lee","doi":"10.4055/cios23413","DOIUrl":"10.4055/cios23413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pediatric trigger digit (TD) does not appear at birth but is diagnosed after birth by finding a flexion contracture of the thumb or other fingers. The reported incidence of pediatric TDs varies from 0.5 to 5 cases per 1,000 live births without sex-specific predominance. We performed a nationwide large-scale study to determine the prevalence and incidence of pediatric TDs and analyzed operative treatment for pediatric TDs using the National Health Insurance data of South Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with pediatric TDs, aged 0-10 years between 2011 and 2020, were included in this study. Children born between 2011 and 2015 were set as the reference population and followed up until 2020. We calculated the prevalence and incidence rates of pediatric TDs according to age and sex and analyzed the operation rate, age at surgery, time interval from initial diagnosis to surgery, and follow-up period. Patient selection and treatment were based on International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence rates of pediatric TDs ranged from 0.063% to 0.084%. Girls had a higher prevalence rate (0.066%-0.094%) than boys (0.060%-0.075%). The total incidence rate was 77.6/100,000 person-years, and the incidence rate was higher in girls (84.8) than in boys (70.7). Among 2,181,814 children born between 2011 and 2015, 12,729 were diagnosed with pediatric TDs, of which 1,128 (8.9%) underwent operative management. The means of age at initial diagnosis, age at surgery, and the time interval between diagnosis and operation were 2.76 ± 1.91 years, 3.79 ± 2.19 years, and 1.15 ± 1.71 years, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>High prevalence and incidence rates of pediatric TDs were found in 2- to 3-year-old patients. Among pediatric patients, 8.9% underwent operative management that was most frequently conducted between 2 and 3 years of age (within 1 year of initial diagnosis).</p>","PeriodicalId":47648,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery","volume":"16 4","pages":"650-660"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Approach to Total Ankle Arthroplasty with Simultaneous Structural Tibial Cut Autograft for Anterior Tibial Bone Defects.","authors":"Yeo Kwon Yoon, Kwang Hwan Park, Dong Woo Shim, Wonwoo Lee, Seung Hwan Han, Jin Woo Lee","doi":"10.4055/cios24075","DOIUrl":"10.4055/cios24075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe bone defects pose a clinical challenge in total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) and are frequently considered contraindicated. We introduce an innovative approach that utilizes a structural tibial cut autograft to address anterior distal tibia bone defects during TAA. This technique is a viable alternative to employing revision TAA systems or resorting to excessively high tibial cuts. Furthermore, it facilitates achieving favorable sagittal alignment and ensures adequate fixation strength of the tibial component.</p>","PeriodicalId":47648,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery","volume":"16 4","pages":"674-678"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-Dimensional Morphological Analysis of the Suprascapular Notch in Patients with Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair.","authors":"Kyu Cheol Noh, Sanghyeon Lee, Chang Won Park, Haotian Bai, Jung-Youn Kim","doi":"10.4055/cios24013","DOIUrl":"10.4055/cios24013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The morphology of the suprascapular notch (SSN) and the ossification of the superior transverse suprascapular ligament (STSL) are risk factors for injury of the suprascapular nerve (SN) during arthroscopic shoulder procedures. The purpose of the current study was to compare preoperative clinical and radiologic characteristics between patients with and without STSL ossification and to evaluate SSN morphology in patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair using a 3-dimensional (3D) reconstructed model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and were given a computed tomography (CT) scan from March 2018 to August 2019 were included in this study. Patients were divided into 2 groups: those without STSL ossification (group I) and those with STSL ossification (group II). Tear size of the rotator cuff and fatty infiltration of rotator cuff muscles were assessed in preoperative magnetic resonance imaging. The morphology of the SSN was classified following Rengachary's classification. The transverse and vertical diameters of the SSN and the distances from anatomical landmarks to the STSL were measured. All measurements were completed using a 3D CT reconstructed scapula model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 200 patients were included in this study. One hundred seventy-eight patients (89.0%) without STSL ossification were included in group I, and 22 patients (11.0%) with STSL ossification were included in group II. Group II showed a significantly advanced age (61.0 ± 7.4 vs. 71.0 ± 7.3 years, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and a shorter transverse diameter of SSN (10.7 ± 3.1 mm vs. 6.1 ± 3.7 mm, <i>p</i> < 0.001) than group I. In the logistic regression analysis, age was an independent prognostic factor for STSL ossification (odds ratio, 1.201; 95% confidence interval, 1.112-1.296; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Patients in type VI showed significantly shorter transverse diameters than other types (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The patient with type I showed a significantly shorter distance from the articular surface of the glenoid to the SSN than those with other types (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the 3D morphological analysis, age was the independent factor associated with STSL ossification in patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Type VI showed significantly shorter transverse diameters than other types. Type I showed a significantly shorter distance from the articular surface of the glenoid to the SSN than other types.</p>","PeriodicalId":47648,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery","volume":"16 4","pages":"586-593"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Load-Dependent Characteristics of Cruciate-Retaining and Posterior-Stabilized Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Biomechanical Study.","authors":"Jason H Lee, Ran Schwarzkopf, Genevieve Fraipont, Ghita Bouzarif, Michelle H McGarry, Thay Q Lee","doi":"10.4055/cios23356","DOIUrl":"10.4055/cios23356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Increased load bearing across the patellofemoral and tibiofemoral articulations has been associated with total knee arthroplasty (TKA) complications. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to quantify the biomechanical characteristics of the patellofemoral and tibiofemoral joints and simulate varying weight-bearing demands after posterior cruciate ligament-retaining (CR) and posterior-stabilized (PS) TKAs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight fresh-frozen cadaveric knees (average age, 68.4 years; range, 40-86 years) were tested using a custom knee system with muscle-loading capabilities. The TKA knees were tested with a CR and then a PS TKA implant and were loaded at 6 different flexion angles from 15° to 90° with progressively increasing loads. The independent variables were the implant types (CR and PS TKA), progressively increased loading, and knee flexion angle (KFA). The dependent variables were the patellofemoral and tibiofemoral kinematics and contact characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that at higher KFAs, the position of the femur translated significantly more posterior in CR implants than in PS implants (36.6 ± 5.2 mm and 32.5 ± 5.7 mm, respectively). The patellofemoral contact force and contact area were significantly greater in PS than in CR implants at higher KFAs and loads (102.4 ± 12.5 N and 88.1 ± 10.9 N, respectively). Lastly, the tibiofemoral contact force was significantly greater in the CR than the PS implant at flexion angles of 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90° KFA, the average at these flexion angles for all loads tested being 246.1 ± 42.1 N and 192.8 ± 54.8 N for CR and PS implants, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this biomechanical study, CR TKAs showed less patellofemoral contact force, but more tibiofemoral contact force than PS TKAs. For higher loads across the joint and at increased flexion angles, there was significantly more posterior femur translation in the CR design with a preserved posterior cruciate ligament and therefore significantly less patellofemoral contact area and force than in the PS design. The different effects of loading on implants are an important consideration for physicians as patients with higher load demands should consider the significantly greater patellofemoral contact force and area of the PS over the CR design.</p>","PeriodicalId":47648,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery","volume":"16 4","pages":"570-577"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}