Journal of Child Sexual Abuse最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating Child Sexual Abuse Prevention Policies in the United States: Lessons Learned.","authors":"J Bart Klika, Catherine A Murphy, Faith Colson, Jill Yordy, Esaa Mohammad Sabti Samarah, Luciana C Assini-Meytin, Schyler Brumm, Katarina Daniels, Eric L Thibodeau, Melissa T Merrick, Charol Shakeshaft, Claire E Helpingstine","doi":"10.1080/10538712.2026.2673326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2026.2673326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a serious public health issue occurring in homes, schools, and other settings. School employee sexual misconduct and abuse of students is a particular subset of CSA that includes \"both criminal and noncriminal behaviors, that are sexualized and inappropriate in adult-student interactions\" (p. 19). Yet, CSA can be prevented before it happens. Policies intending to support this goal are a public health strategy addressing the conditions that allow CSA to occur. Over several decades, states have enacted CSA prevention policies using a variety of strategies, such as education and awareness, school personnel policies, standards of conduct, and legal accountability laws, to reduce or prevent CSA from occurring in schools. While these policy advances represent progress toward the upstream prevention of CSA, there is limited research on whether these state-level policies are achieving their goal of reducing or preventing CSA. We are funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to evaluate these enacted state school-based CSA prevention laws. Through Phase 1 of this work, we have identified three lessons learned when evaluating these CSA prevention policies, specifically (1) the lack of national, high-quality, and reliable surveillance data; (2) policy discrepancies, or \"loopholes,\" are common; and (3) the need for policy implementation evaluation. This paper discusses these topics and provides future direction for CSA prevention policy evaluation research.</p>","PeriodicalId":47645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147964991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lessons on Community Engagement from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Child Sexual Abuse Prevention Portfolio.","authors":"Claire E Helpingstine, Meghna Ravi, Maggie Ingram","doi":"10.1080/10538712.2026.2673328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2026.2673328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Community engagement is a cornerstone of effective and fiscally responsible public health initiatives, especially in the prevention of child sexual abuse (CSA). It helps to ensure the voices, experiences, and perspectives of those directly affected by CSA prevention are central to research processes. This approach promotes collaboration, trust, and shared decision-making, leading to the development of programs and policies that are responsive to community needs and, therefore, more likely to succeed. This brief report synthesizes the community engagement experiences and lessons learned across nine Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-funded projects focused on the primary prevention of CSA. CDC and CDC Foundation scientific collaborators discussed community engagement with principal investigators (PIs) and project team members during ongoing project monitoring. These informal conversations provided insights into perspectives and strategies for community engagement, as well as the challenges and considerations for engaging communities in prevention research. Detailed notes were taken and compiled to describe these experiences. Findings offer a range of examples of community engagement practices employed by CDC's CSA portfolio recipients and provide insight into lessons learned for researchers and practitioners aiming to strengthen community partnerships in CSA prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":47645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147949838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-Based Logic Model Development to Evaluate a Youth Sexual Exploitation Prevention Curriculum: A Mixed-Methods Study.","authors":"Lauren Martin, Amanda Davis, Lisa M Jones, Vanessa Voller, Jennifer O'Brien","doi":"10.1080/10538712.2026.2673329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2026.2673329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Commercial sexual exploitation of youth (CSEY) causes significant physical and emotional harm, yet prevention research and intervention is nascent and scant. This paper describes how our study team developed and refined a logic model to guide a rigorous, multi-site, randomized control trial evaluation of a curriculum for youth to prevent commercial sexual exploitation and trafficking through increased problem recognition and help-seeking. We combined community-based and mixed methods research (CB-MMR) approaches in an iterative process we created to develop our research methodology. First, we describe our five-phased, iterative, research design process, including the engagement of an 18-member research advisory board (RAB) made up of diverse practitioners, administrators, and those with lived expertise. Then we show how that process shaped the logic model content and structure including: 1) substantive changes to outcome categories the study will measure; 2) attention to the potential for victim blaming and stigma in outcome measurement; and 3) insights on how implementation context shapes outcome measurement. We highlight the important contributions and leadership of community (including lived experience experts) in research design and argue that this inclusion is necessary for rigorous research attuned to real-world contextual factors and the holistic impact of CSEY prevention efforts. Our aim is to contribute to better understanding the research design foundations of evaluative research to prevent CSEY to strengthen the evidence base, and ultimately to improve outcomes for youth.</p>","PeriodicalId":47645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147934632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Scoping Review and Exploratory Analysis Applying Hamby's 2017 Conceptual Definition of Violence to Measures of Sexual Violence.","authors":"Paige K Michel, RaeAnn E Anderson, Madison J Waldron","doi":"10.1080/10538712.2026.2673324","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10538712.2026.2673324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prior research has demonstrated how the lack of consistent, empirical, and conceptually grounded definitions has hindered research on sexual violence (SV). Hamby (2017) outlined a four-part framework for defining violence - intentional, non-essential, harmful, and unwanted - to ameliorate definitional conundrums and improve methodology. This scoping review aimed to apply Hamby's framework to measures of SV to evaluate their alignment and identify areas for improvement in measuring SV across victimization and perpetration. A scoping literature review identified 37 questionnaires assessing SV victimization (<i>n</i> = 28) or perpetration (<i>n</i> = 9), each containing at least one relevant item. A two-stage coding process was used to develop and implement rating scales to operationalize Hamby's framework. Stage 1 coding suggested that all measures demonstrated face validity for each of the four criteria, highlighting the potential complexities of operationalizing the intentional and non-essential criteria. Stage 2 involved more detailed coding of the two criteria. Most questionnaires met the criteria for intentional (56%), and less than a third met the criteria for non-essential (24%); all questionnaires met the criteria for either non-essential <i>or</i> intentional. Perpetration questionnaires were more likely to meet the intentional criteria than victimization questionnaires. Seven questionnaires (18%) met <i>both</i> the non-essential and intentional criteria. This review demonstrated the conceptual complexities in defining and operationalizing SV using Hamby's functional definition. Future research focused on clarifying how intent and the non-essential nature of sexual acts are captured in questionnaires could improve conceptual precision within SV research.</p>","PeriodicalId":47645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147876131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of a School-Based Child Sexual Abuse Prevention Program in an Urban Elementary School: Lessons Learned from a Pilot Evaluation Study of the Healthy Relationships Project.","authors":"Chloe R Bennett, Bianca Ejiofoh, Sheryldine Samuel, Sarah Treves-Kagan, Marcie Hambrick, Linda Johnson, Rachael Lennon, Daphney Mirand, Olivia Hirsch, Alexa Grayson, Beth E Molnar","doi":"10.1080/10538712.2026.2667224","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10538712.2026.2667224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Child-focused, school-based prevention is the most common type of universal prevention of child sexual abuse (CSA) utilized in the United States (U.S.). Implementation of school-wide CSA primary prevention programming in busy urban elementary schools in high-need communities can be complex, made even more so by the sensitive nature of the topic of CSA. The Healthy Relationships Project (HRP), created by Prevent Child Abuse Vermont, consists of manualized, developmentally-appropriate, CSA primary prevention curricula implemented since 1990 in 30 U.S. States. Informed by the Social Ecological Model by Bronfenbrenner, the HRP works across ecological levels with curricula that include training for school staff, six classroom lessons, and caregiver workshops. A rigorous stepped-wedge randomized trial to evaluate schoolwide implementation of the HRP in public and public-charter schools in high-need wards in Washington, DC, among Pre-K through 5^th grade students is underway. Prior to the trial's start, the research team evaluated a pilot of the intervention in one public charter school. This pilot study involved mixed-methods research consisting of pre-intervention surveys with staff/faculty (<i>n</i> = 27) and caregivers (<i>n</i> = 27), pre- and post-intervention interviews with staff, faculty and caregivers (<i>n</i> = 4), and a post-intervention focus group with staff/faculty (<i>n</i> = 1 focus group with four participants). Strengths and challenges of implementation, the sensitivity associated with the topic of CSA, and the acceptability and feasibility of engagement of stakeholders were identified as themes. The complexities of implementation of this CSA prevention model in an urban public-charter school, in a high-need neighborhood, will be presented for others implementing similar preventive interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":47645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147876093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"That's Inappropriate: Development of the Educator Misconduct Prevention and Reporting Inventory.","authors":"Kellie Carlyle, Niloofar Ramezani, Emiola Oyefuga, Julie Russo, Stacie Lefeavers, Emily Kitching, Sharyn Dougherty, Charol Shakeshaft, Abigail Conley","doi":"10.1080/10538712.2026.2667231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2026.2667231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Currently, there is no validated tool to assess educators' intent to report boundary-crossing behaviors (BCB) and educator sexual misconduct (ESM). This study aimed to address this gap by evaluating the psychometric properties of the new <i>Education Misconduct Prevention and Reporting Inventory</i> (<i>EMPRI</i>) scale developed within the framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Data for this study were derived from school employee survey responses collected from 63 schools across 12 school districts, in nine U.S. states. Exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory (CFA) factor analyses provide strong evidence that the EMPRI is a valid and reliable tool, with Cronbach's reliability coefficients of 0.81 to 0.92 in the exploratory phase and .74 to .93 in the confirmatory phase. The findings from the EFA, and confirmed by the CFA, support two separate latent constructs, with a total of 38 items. The first construct, <i>Boundary Crossing Behavior Reporting Inventory</i>, has three factors: (1) attitudes toward boundary crossing behaviors, (2) self-efficacy to intervene, and (3) social norms toward reporting BCB. The second construct, <i>Educator Sexual Misconduct Reporting Inventory</i>, consists of three factors: (1) school response efficacy, (2) self-efficacy of recognizing and responding to ESM, and (3) social norms toward reporting ESM. The EMPRI can be used to understand school personnel's understanding and beliefs of where the line is drawn between inappropriate and appropriate behavior with students. By measuring what educators understand as boundary crossing behavior for sexual misconduct, schools can tailor training content and measure the impact interventions have in preventing sexual misconduct.</p>","PeriodicalId":47645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shortening the Sexual Experiences Survey-Victimization (SES-V) by Combining Sexual Behaviors.","authors":"RaeAnn E Anderson, Nerissa A Dolney","doi":"10.1080/10538712.2026.2667228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2026.2667228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Sexual Experiences Survey (SES) is a widely used measure of sexual victimization. The most recent version of the SES, the Sexual Experiences Survey-Victimization (SES-V), released in 2024 is longer than prior versions. This raises potential concerns about the length of the SES. However, no existing research has examined questionnaire length in relation to SES function or outcomes. Participants were 351 college women who completed an anonymous online questionnaire as part of a larger study. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two early versions of the SES-V. Participants either received the standard sexual behavior items (six sub-stems, total 120 items), or combined sexual behavior items (three sub-stems, total 60 items). In the standard condition, the overall prevalence rate was 56.1%; in the shortened condition the prevalence rate was 61.0%; these were not statistically significant differences, <math><mrow><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></math>(1) = .838, <i>p</i> = .360, Cramer's <i>V</i> = .049. We repeated these analyses for different types of sexual behaviors and for each module. There were no statistically significant differences in the endorsement of non-penetrative sexual contact (48.7 vs 54.9%), penetrative contact (34.8 vs. 34.1%), or made-to-penetrate contact (42.8 vs. 47.0%), <i>p</i>'s > .245. There were no statistically significant differences in indicators of survey fatigue, including the survey duration (<i>t</i>(349) = .189). Combining sexual behaviors appears to be an efficient way to facilitate the brevity of sexual victimization measurements while likely having minimal impact on reported prevalence rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":47645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latent Patterns of Violence and Racism on Mental Health and Coping Among Black Women.","authors":"Lee R Eshelman, Prachi H Bhuptani, Selime R Salim","doi":"10.1080/10538712.2026.2667226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2026.2667226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Black women are underrepresented in interpersonal violence research and studies often overlook the impact of racism on mental health. The current study used person-centered analytic methods to identify latent profiles of Black women's experiences of child maltreatment, adult sexual assault (ASA), racism, and gendered racism. Differences in depression, alcohol use, and discrimination coping strategies were examined across profiles. Data from 425 Black women in the United States revealed a three-profile solution. Profile 1 (<i>Lower Adversity</i>; <i>n</i> = 267) had the lowest scores on all measures. Profile 2 (<i>High Gendered Racism; n</i> = 92) reported high gendered racism, moderate racism, moderate child maltreatment, and moderate ASA severity. Profile 3 (<i>High Child Maltreatment</i>; <i>n</i> = 66) reported high child maltreatment, moderate ASA, moderate racism, and moderate gendered racism. ANOVAs revealed the High Gendered Racism and High Child Maltreatment profiles reported greater depression symptoms than the Lower Adversity profile. The High Gendered Racism profile reported higher alcohol use than the Lower Adversity profile, and the High Child Maltreatment profile did not differ from either. Similar patterns emerged for coping strategies, except all profiles differed for detachment: High Child Maltreatment reported the highest detachment coping, followed by High Gendered Racism, and Lower Adversity. Findings suggest racial discrimination can be as harmful as interpersonal violence. The High Child Maltreatment profile's greater reliance on detachment coping suggests disengagement as a response to cumulative trauma. Findings emphasize the need for further exploration of mental health and coping strategies within an intersectional framework to understand how Black women navigate interpersonal violence and systemic oppression.</p>","PeriodicalId":47645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147822124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performing Motherhood After Trauma: A Qualitative Analysis of Non-Offending Mothers in Cases of Transgenerational Child Sexual Abuse.","authors":"Valentina Vallejo-Correa","doi":"10.1080/10538712.2026.2656792","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10538712.2026.2656792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transgenerational child sexual abuse (CSA-T) remains one of the most hidden yet persistent forms of interpersonal trauma, reproducing harm across generations and deepening gender-based violence through its disproportionate emotional, symbolic, and social impact on women. This study examines the performative effects of dominant cultural and institutional discourses surrounding motherhood on Chilean women who are non-offending mothers and survivors of CSA, and whose children have also experienced sexual abuse. This study employed a qualitative design grounded in feminist and social constructionist epistemologies. Eight participants engaged in in-depth interviews, and six of them subsequently participated in a photointervention process. Thematic discourse analysis revealed how social mandates of maternal blame, idealized responsibility, and protective failure are internalized and reproduced, exacerbating psychological distress and social isolation. Based on these findings, a quadrant model was developed to map the intersection between the type of institutional intervention and the emotional, symbolic, and relational effects experienced by these women. Findings highlight the symbolic violence exerted by institutional and therapeutic frameworks that individualize responsibility for child protection, reinforcing gendered trauma and limiting access to supportive care. This article calls for a collective rethinking of childcare as a shared social responsibility and underscores the need for trauma-informed, gender-sensitive policies and interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":47645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"513-532"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147677691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Qualitative Study of Psychosocial and Medical Care in German Childhood-Haus Facilities After Online Child Sexual Abuse.","authors":"Rita Horvay, Rebecca Menhart, Astrid Helling-Bakki, Kerstin Stellermann-Strehlow, Sibylle Maria Winter","doi":"10.1080/10538712.2026.2661997","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10538712.2026.2661997","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As part of the EU-funded PROMISE Elpis project, this qualitative study examines psychosocial and medical care standards for children and adolescents affected by online child sexual abuse (OCSA) within German Childhood-Haus (CHH) facilities. OCSA, encompassing acts such as grooming, sextortion, and the distribution of explicit materials, poses unique challenges due to its merge with other forms of abuse and the blurred boundaries between digital and physical abuse. The study seeks to identify existing practices, gaps, and areas for improvement in addressing OCSA. The method is based on semi-structured interviews with experts from psychosocial as well as medical care. These interviews were analyzed using structured content analysis. Results show that OCSA is often perceived as a comorbid condition accompanying physical abuse or legal cases, limiting systematic screening and intervention. Additional findings are the need for specialized training, standardized definitions and procedures regarding OCSA, and underscoring the importance of age- and developmentally appropriate, trauma-sensitive care for affected children and adolescents. Medical professionals report difficulty addressing OCSA cases because injuries may be invisible, while psychosocial teams cite insufficient training and the absence of standard protocols. The \"metaphorical fog\" surrounding OCSA - characterized by confusion about its scope and impact - exacerbates these challenges, complicating both diagnosis and treatment. Closing these gaps could improve the quality and consistency of care, enhancing recovery outcomes for affected children and reducing the long-term impacts of OCSA.</p>","PeriodicalId":47645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child Sexual Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"533-554"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}