{"title":"\"Pictures from the unconscious\" – Art making within Jungian analysis","authors":"Elana Lakh","doi":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Jungian approach to analysis emphasizes the guidance of the unconscious in the process of individuation. Art is an instrument through which this knowledge can be revealed—but it is more than just an instrument. It is a counterpart for dialogue, a mirror reflecting the unconscious, and a process through which the unconscious reveals itself and develops. Additionally, it offers a platform for new experiences, including feelings and sensations. Moreover, it provides a way to reconnect with longforgotten parts of the self and to discover new parts that have never been known. Written from the perspective of an art therapist who is also a Jungian analyst, this theoretical paper presents the fundamental aspects of using the visual arts in the Jungian analytical practice. The first part of the paper elaborates on Jung's use of art and art-making on his path of individuation and in his analytical work with analysands, including Active Imagination. The second part of the paper describes four aspects of the role of art in the practice of Jungian analysis and psychotherapy: Art can serve as a means of communication between the conscious and unconscious parts of the psyche, as well as between the analysand and the analyst. The artwork is the result of the symbol-creating quality of the transcendent function and supports it, assisting in the integration of the unconscious and conscious parts. Interpretations and amplifications are means for elaboration of the artwork as an expression of material emerging from the personal or collective unconscious. The artwork has a transitional role in the therapeutic relationship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47590,"journal":{"name":"Arts in Psychotherapy","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102318"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Arts therapy groups for autistic preschool children: Therapists’ conceptions and intervention methods","authors":"Shiri Mor Shai , Einat Shuper-Engelhard","doi":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging research shows that arts therapy for an autistic population has great value and at the same time, there is a disparity between the prevalence of arts therapy groups and the lack of research on this topic. The aim of the present study was to map professional conceptions and commonly employed intervention methods of arts therapy groups for autistic preschool-age children. This was executed using a qualitative-constructivist methodology. Sixty-two group therapists in diverse arts responded to a survey questionnaire; of these, 10 participated in an in-depth, semi-structured interview. Thematic analysis of all the information gathered revealed that arts therapy groups include deliberate interventions relating to four foci of the 'here and now': 'interpersonal', 'intrapersonal', 'creative work and creativity' and 'group experience of togetherness'. The Discussion section examines the uniqueness of each theme with reference to the young age of the children and the characteristics of autism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47590,"journal":{"name":"Arts in Psychotherapy","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102319"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144270671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ingrid Pénzes , Annemarie Abbing , Martina de Witte
{"title":"How to use theories to explain effects of the creative arts therapies: The case of Polyvagal Theory","authors":"Ingrid Pénzes , Annemarie Abbing , Martina de Witte","doi":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research on the effectiveness of Creative Arts Therapies (CATs) has significantly expanded over the past decade, yet a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms contributing to positive therapeutic outcomes remains necessary. Integrating concepts from psychology, social sciences, and neuroscience can enhance this understanding, but applying scientific theories requires assessing their robustness, validity, and relevance. This article explores how to evaluate the quality of existing theories, using Polyvagal Theory (PT) as a case study. PT has been increasingly applied in CATs research and practice to explain intervention effects on stress- and trauma-related outcomes. In addition to discussing PT’s general quality, its relevance to the field of CATs is considered, along with critical implications for practice, research, and education. The intention is to initiate an open dialogue on the appropriate use of scientific theories, such as PT, in explaining CATs’ therapeutic mechanisms. Although effort has been made to provide a well-supported discussion, opinion-based analyses inevitably involve some subjectivity. Expanding the theoretical scope beyond PT to other widely used or relevant models may further contribute to understanding the mechanisms of CATs and should be complemented by recognizing the importance of the arts in developing a rationale for CATs that is grounded in both theory and practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47590,"journal":{"name":"Arts in Psychotherapy","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriela Špinarová , Zuzana Svobodová , Veronika Růžičková , Petra Potměšilová , Tereza Vrbová , Lua Perimal-Lewis , Miloň Potměšil , Jana Marečková , Jiří Kantor
{"title":"Arts therapies and people with visual impairment: A scoping review","authors":"Gabriela Špinarová , Zuzana Svobodová , Veronika Růžičková , Petra Potměšilová , Tereza Vrbová , Lua Perimal-Lewis , Miloň Potměšil , Jana Marečková , Jiří Kantor","doi":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>People with visual impairment (VI) can benefit from arts therapies (AsTs); however, this area has not been systematically reviewed, and the differences in the application of various artistic modalities and related arts-based interventions (art therapy, music therapy, drama therapy, dance/movement therapy, bibliotherapy and expressive writing) have not been thoroughly described. The aim of this paper is to: 1) map research studies on AsTs and related interventions in the therapy and rehabilitation of people with VI, and 2) identify the therapeutic effects, specific features, and necessary adaptations of AsTs for people with VI. All procedures, including the prospective publication of the protocol, search of relevant information sources, data collection and data extraction, were conducted in accordance to the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. A total of 89 relevant studies were identified, primarily in the areas of music therapy/medicine and art therapy. The reported effects of AsTs and related interventions address psychological/mental health, functioning, social and communication skills, and quality of life. Specific objectives, such as research on physiological functions or pain/anxiety management, were identified in the field of music medicine. Multimodality and the use of various adaptations are characteristic features of AsTs practice for people with VI. Current research studies describe the potential of AsTs and related interventions for people with VI; however, research on the some AsTs modalities is scarce. Future development of AsTs may focus on the therapy of visual functions and other goals specific to this population. This is the first scoping review on AsTs and related interventions for people with VI. Based on thorough searches in databases and grey literature, it provides an up-to-date map of the field. Additionally, this review compares different artistic modalities and offers an overview of potential adaptations that may be necessary in the therapeutic process. This review may be useful for the practice of art therapists and other rehabilitation professionals, including occupational therapists, special educators, clinical psychologists, nurses, vision therapists, social workers and social service workers, as well as for future research in this area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47590,"journal":{"name":"Arts in Psychotherapy","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102317"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integrating community art therapy with psychoanalysis","authors":"Debra L. Kalmanowitz , Jordan S. Potash","doi":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Community art therapy and art psychotherapy are often seen as opposing approaches. Psychoanalytic work traditionally focuses on the internal world of the individual and the ways in which these impacts on the outside world - behaviour, perceptions, reactions and, understanding. In contrast, community work is considered socially engaged work with a focus on the collective, society, and culture with their impact on the individual or group. These two aspects may be difficult to reconcile but a purposeful combination of both can promote an integrative and holistic reconciliation of art therapy. In this paper, the authors discuss three aspects of community art therapy that resonate with contemporary psychodynamic concepts. The primacy of the therapeutic relationship (psychotherapy) pertains to belonging (community), insight oriented approach (psychotherapy) to responsiveness to participant goals (community) and work with the unconscious as in the collective shadow (psychodynamic) as related to social awareness of systemic barriers (community). As demonstrated in case examples, one in South Africa and the other in the United States, art therapists can overcome historic dichotomies to meet contemporary needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47590,"journal":{"name":"Arts in Psychotherapy","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102315"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perceived effects of music therapy in the treatment of personality disorders, cluster B/C: A thematic analysis study based on service users’ experiences","authors":"Suzanne Haeyen","doi":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evidence-based practice (EBP) involves the integration of the best available evidence, clinical expertise and patient values. Although evidence and clinical expertise point to the benefits of music therapy as part of a multidisciplinary treatment programme for people with personality disorders, patient values are underexplored. To gain insight into service users' experiences and values of perceived effects of music therapy, we conducted a qualitative study using thematic analysis. Twenty-seven participants diagnosed with a personality disorder were interviewed individually or in focus groups. The participants were in different treatment programmes and had attended at least ten group music therapy sessions. Fifteen transcripts were coded in three stages. Fifty-three code groups, three core categories and 11 subcategories emerged from the data. The core categories were: Expectations, contextual conditions and consequences of music therapy. The consequences or perceived effects consisted of - meaningful experiences (divided into three themes: personal development, emotion regulation and connectedness) and - outcomes in daily life (divided into: changes, future plans and evaluation of music therapy experiences). This study adds to the knowledge of service users' perspectives on music therapy. Music therapy appears to be valuable in treatment programmes for patients with personality disorders, providing them with meaningful experiences that also lead to positive outcomes in their daily lives. This research, although broad in scope, is unique in its systematic focus on the perceived effects of music therapy and contributes to EBP as patient values is one of its three pillars.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47590,"journal":{"name":"Arts in Psychotherapy","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashleigh Hillier , Hannah Johnson , Bruce Rosenbaum , William Paterson , Joseph Veneziano , Alice Wood
{"title":"Stress, anxiety, and Steampunk Art in autistic adolescents and young adults","authors":"Ashleigh Hillier , Hannah Johnson , Bruce Rosenbaum , William Paterson , Joseph Veneziano , Alice Wood","doi":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Art based programs have been implemented successfully with autistic children and youth, demonstrating significant benefits for communication, behavior, social skills, and emotion regulation. This study reports on the implementation and preliminary outcomes of a Steampunk art program for autistic youth, “Steampunkinetics”. The Steampunk art genre is grounded in technology, mechanics, creativity, divergent thinking, and attention to detail and therefore would provide a strengths-based platform for building on skills and interests of autistic youth. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Steampunkinetics on participants’ experiences of anxiety, stress, peer relationships and self-esteem. During Steampunkinetics participants engaged in a range of art-based activities incorporating the Steampunk genre. Participants completed standardized self-report measures to evaluate the impact of the program, and a focus group was conducted with parents to gather feedback on their child’s response to the program. Findings indicated a significant decrease in anxiety and stress, and participants rated the program as enjoyable and interesting. No significant change was observed in self-esteem or peer relationships, although the majority of participants reported developing friendships during the program. Qualitative analysis of the parent focus group identified several themes which reflected those seen in the quantitative data. These findings are an important contribution given the mental health benefits of art-intervention programs and the need for validated programs designed for autistic youth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47590,"journal":{"name":"Arts in Psychotherapy","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143921774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A scoping review of supervision in creative arts therapies in Korea","authors":"Jung Mi Lee, Kyung Soon Ko","doi":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to identify the current research on creative arts therapies supervision in Korea by reviewing relevant literature and analyzing research themes and content. The goal was to identify critical considerations for creative arts therapies supervision and propose future research directions. To this end, papers published up to June 2024 were searched on three major Korean academic platforms using keywords, such as the names of various art media combined with “clinical supervision” and “supervision.” A total of 484 papers were retrieved, and after applying the exclusion criteria, 69 were selected for analysis. Since the inception of supervision research in Korea in 2005, most studies have focused on art and music therapy, which can be classified into three categories. First, studies examining supervisors and supervisees—key participants in supervision—accounted for half of the reviewed papers, focusing on their perceptions and supervision characteristics. Second, research on supervision types identified six primary categories: individual and group supervision, peer supervision, self-supervision, on-site supervision, remote supervision, and art-based supervision. These studies highlighted specific considerations unique to each type. Third, in the absence of studies grounded in diverse philosophical and psychological theories, research on the factors that enhance art therapists’ professional competencies, competency models, and trend analyses lays the foundation for adequate creative arts therapies supervision in Korea.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47590,"journal":{"name":"Arts in Psychotherapy","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102298"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Forty years of sandplay therapy research: A systematic review with insights into emerging digital applications","authors":"Yiqing He , Yunlu Hu , Yulu Song , Jingyu Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study systematically reviewed the development of sandplay therapy (SPT) from 1985 to 2025 in terms of theoretical foundations, practical applications, and research methods, as well as recent progress and future directions in cultural adaptation and digital integration. Seventy-one eligible studies were reviewed, covering qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods research. The results showed that symbolic and imaginal expression, core mechanisms of SPT, are strongly influenced by the cultural context. This promotes the development of local symbolic systems and enhances SPT’s cross-cultural adaptability. Practically, SPT has been widely applied with children, adolescents, and adults, showing notable positive effects on trauma recovery, emotional regulation, and social adaptation. Methodologically, research has increasingly used scales, neuroimaging, and physiological indicators to strengthen understanding of relevant therapeutic mechanisms. Artificial intelligence and augmented reality technologies have been explored in SPT assessment and intervention, showing potential to improve standardisation and remote accessibility. Future studies could focus on theoretical construction, ethical evaluation, and clinical validation of intelligent sandplay systems to support innovative development. This review offers a comprehensive overview of four decades of SPT and provides theoretical and practical insights that will enhance its cultural and digital integration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47590,"journal":{"name":"Arts in Psychotherapy","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102311"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A recovery-oriented approach to dance movement therapy in psychiatric rehabilitation: Exploring participants’ perspectives","authors":"Talia Bendel-Rozow , Ruth Gottfried","doi":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aip.2025.102312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Recovery-oriented dance movement therapy</em> (RODMT) is a specialized creative arts therapy approach designed for psychiatric rehabilitation. It uses expressive movement-based interventions as the primary means of conveying the recovery concepts of social support, goal development, and stress management to participants in an innovative and engaging manner. This study aims to portray the experiences of adults coping with severe mental illness before and after they participated in an RODMT group and explore RODMT’s potential to promote their personal recovery processes. In addition, detailed examples of RODMT interventions are presented to explain the unique amalgamation between dance movement therapy (DMT) and psychiatric rehabilitation. Five participants with schizophrenia participated in semi-structured interviews before and after the RODMT program. The interview data were coded, analyzed, and expert-reviewed for themes related to their experiences. Three main themes emerged from the thematic analysis: <em>definition of recovery and personal goals</em>, <em>hindrances to recovery</em>, and <em>experiences from the RODMT group</em>. The sub-themes included (a) improved functioning, (b) goal achievement, (c) frustration and dissatisfaction, (d) gaps between wanting and doing, (e) interest in and enjoyment from experiential activities, (f) awareness and application, (g) group support, and (h) embodiment and mind-body connection. Preliminary qualitative findings suggest that RODMT may contribute to participants’ recovery processes when implemented as part of recovery-oriented group treatment in psychiatric rehabilitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47590,"journal":{"name":"Arts in Psychotherapy","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}