Faktori eksperimentalʹnoï evolûcìï organìzmìv最新文献

{"title":"Acclimation of photosynthetic apparatus to moderate drought stress in wheat varieties differing in tolerance","authors":"А. S. Kedruk, О. О. Stasik, D. А. Kiriziy, О. G. Sokolovska-Sergiienko","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v33.1580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v33.1580","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Drought is one of the most harmful abiotic stresses limiting crop productivity. We study the ability of photosynthetic apparatus of winter wheat varieties differing in their tolerance to acclimate to moderate drought stress under pot experiment. Methods. Dynamics of relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll content, CO2 assimilation rate (Pn), activity of antioxidant enzymes in chloroplasts of flag leaf of drought-tolerant variety Yednist and less drought-tolerant varieties Podilska Nyva and Darunok Podillia during weeklong moderate drought at flowering and one week after resumption of optimal watering were studied. Results. RWC and chlorophyll content gradually decreased from the onset to the end of drought period. In contrast, Pn inhibition was notably stronger at the onset than at the end of the drought period in Yednist and Podilska Nyva cultivars and remained the same in Darunok Podillia cultivar. On the 7th day of post-drought period, Pn in treated plants of all varieties was restored to the control level despite significantly lower chlorophyll content. Conclusions. Photosynthetic apparatus of more tolerant variety has a greater ability to acclimate to prolonged moderate drought which was related to higher activity of antioxidant enzymes and resulted in less grain yield losses.","PeriodicalId":475640,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimentalʹnoï evolûcìï organìzmìv","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135428120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences between genes of Streptomyces griseus HUT 6037 and S. coelicolor A3(2) that encode chitinases GH19","authors":"L. V. Polishchuk","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v33.1583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v33.1583","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The goal is to determine the similarities and differences in the primary structure of genes that determine chitinases from the GH19 family of strains S. griseus HUT6037 and S. coelicolor A3(2). Investigate the distribution in streptomycetes genomes of sequences that are similar to сhiC and сhiF genes. Methods. Information on nucleotide sequences and annotations of studied streptomycete chromosomes (including the chitinase genes S. coelicolor A3(2) and S. griseus HUT6037) is freely available in GenBank. The analysis of streptomycete nucleotide sequences was carried out using the BLASTN program from the NСBI server. Results. Significant similarities have been established between gene fragments encoding the catalytic centers of chitinases chiC, chiF and chiG. No similarity has been found between the fragments of the sequences of the chiC and chiF genes that determine their binding domains. Sequences similar to sequences encoding chitinase binding domains chiC and chiF have been found to be common in the genomes of various set of streptomycete strains. Conclusions. Sequences of chitinase genes (specifically their fragments that encode binding domains) can be used in the classification of streptomycetes in addition to those used traditionally.","PeriodicalId":475640,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimentalʹnoï evolûcìï organìzmìv","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135428128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of collection samples of soft winter wheat of the Ivanivsk research and selection station as starting material for hybridization","authors":"V. M. Torianyk","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v33.1567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v33.1567","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Highlighting the results of the study of breeding value in terms of winter hardiness, plant height, weight of 1000 seeds and yield variety samples of soft winter wheat cultivars of domestic selection, selected for hybridization in the collection nursery of the Institute's Ivanivka research and breeding station of bioenergy crops and sugar beets of the National Agricultural Academy of Ukraine. Methods. The research was conducted in sowing in the 2020-2021 cropping year in the southern forest-steppe zone of Ukraine. The object of the study were variety samples of the domestic selection of the lutescens type (10) and erythrospermum (15), who grew and studied their biological and economic characteristics according to generally accepted classical methods. Results. The average value of winter hardiness of the studied variety samples of both types was above 8 points. All studied variety samples were medium-sized with a low level of plant height variability. The weight of 1,000 seeds of the studied variety samples was about 44 g on average, the level of variability for this characteristic was low in the lutescens type, and medium in the erythrospermum type. The average yield of variety samples of both types was higher than 6 t/ha. Conclusions. The studied variety samples were characterized by an optimal and high level of manifestation of economic and valuable traits, therefore they were recommended for practical use in breeding as a starting material for hybridization. The studied variety samples are suitable for use in production crops in the Southern Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":475640,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimentalʹnoï evolûcìï organìzmìv","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135428286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of populations of hemp varieties with different composition of cannabinoid compounds","authors":"I. M. Laiko, S. V. Mishchenko, H. I. Kyrychenko","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v33.1563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v33.1563","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To study the biological features of populations of hemp varieties with the absence of narcotic activity – tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) not higher than 0.08 %, but with the presence of non-psychoactive components of cannabinoids: cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabichromene (CBC); cannabigerol (CBG); CBG and CBD. To identify breeding prospects for increasing the content of cannabinoids that have therapeutic properties. Methods. Samples of elite plants were analyzed for cannabinoid content by gas-liquid chromatography (GC Agilent Technologies HP 6890, Series Hewlett Packard). Results. The limits of variation of the population variability of the sign of CBD content of the Medana variety are from 0.0253 to 3.3469 %, 75 % of the plants of which contain CBD in the range of 1.0-2.2 %. Studies of the Vik 2020 hybrid population confirmed a high correlation between CBD and THC and the absence of a relationship between CBD and CBG, THC and CBG. More than 11 % of plants in the population contain CBG from 3.5849 to 4.6207 %. There are no correlations between CBD and CBG, CBD and THC in these plants. The presence of such plants indicates the possibility of further increasing the content of СBG to 8 % and above, without exceeding the THC limit in our country (0.08 %). Conclusions. Conducted research has proven that with the current permissible level of THC, the content of CBD can be increased only to 2.5-3.0 % (Medana variety) through purposeful selection. The hybrid Vik 2020 is especially valuable, because in its population unique plants with the presence of several cannabinoid compounds with a THC content of no more than 0.08 % were found. The obtained valuable breeding material of the Medana variety and the Vik 2020 hybrid is a donor for its inclusion in hybridization and further multi-vector selection in the direction of increasing of the content of CBD, CBC and CBG with the absence of THC.","PeriodicalId":475640,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimentalʹnoï evolûcìï organìzmìv","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135428480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peculiarities of the protein complex of seeds of pea (Pisum sativum L.)","authors":"O. O. Molodchenkova, T. V. Kartuzova, G. D. Lavrova, S. V. Koblay, L. T. Mishchenko, Yu. A. Levitsky, L. Ya. Bezkrovna","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v33.1582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v33.1582","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To investigate the features of the protein complex of pea seeds (Pisum sativum L.) of varieties of Ukrainian and foreign breeding of different morphotypes for use at the selection of varieties of food direction. Methods. Standard and developed in Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry methods of plant biochemical analysis (Kjeldahl method, spectrophotometric methods, electrophoresis). Statistical analysis of research results was carried out using the programs Libre Office Calc (GNU Lesser General Public Licensev3), “Imagel”. Results. The study of the content of protein, 11S and 7S globulins, their ratio in the seeds of peas of Ukrainian and foreign varieties showed the presence of reliable varietal differences according to the studied characteristics depending on their morphotype. Using electrophoretic and densitometric analyses, varietal differences in the intensity of bands, the presence or absence of some components in the electrophoretic spectra of 11S and 7S globulins, which affect the nutritional value of pea seeds, were established. Conclusions. The obtain results shown that it will be possible to select genotypes of food direction using the studied biochemical characteristics of evaluation.","PeriodicalId":475640,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimentalʹnoï evolûcìï organìzmìv","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135428495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hazelnut (Corylus domestica Kos. et Opal.) breeding results for anthropoadaptability","authors":"I. S. Kosenko, A. I. Opalko, O. A. Balabak, V. M. Hrabovyi, O. A. Opalko","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v33.1562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v33.1562","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Hazelnut (Corylus domestica Kos. et Opal.) fruits are valuable raw materials for the confectionery industry, the production of biologically active additives to food products and feed, as well as for obtaining from hazelnut oil the liposomal nanoemulsions and nanodispersions, which are part of medicinal preparations. The domestic hazelnut production level is insufficient and unable to satisfy either the needs of the processing industry or the demand of the population of Ukraine for fresh nuts. This motivated the search for ways to improve the assortment of this nut-bearing crop, foremost the creation of new cultivars in possession of anthropoadaptive features complexes. Methods. Study of the alien and originating in the NDP \"Sofiyivka\" of the NAS of Ukraine Corylus spp. specimens. During hybridization, the sleeve cages made of dense FPP-15 (Petrianov filter linen) fabric were used to isolate branches with female flowers. Pollination was done without removing the cages, injecting pollen into the cage with insufflator MO-03. The parental pairs' selection for crossing, and growing, evaluation, and selection of hybrid seedlings was done using standard methods. Results. It turned out that the segregation spectra for economic and useful traits of the anthropoadaptive complex in the progeny of seedlings from controlled intraspecific crosses did not significantly differ from the seedlings obtained as a result of free cross-pollination of hazelnut cultivars of the NDP \"Sofiyivka\" collection. Instead, the involvement of specimens of C. chinensis and C. avellana 'Fuscorubra' in the hybridization contributed to obtaining a number of new hazelnut cultivars. At the same time, in contrast to literature data, hybrids from pollination of hazelnut cultivars with C. chinensis pollen were better than in reciprocal combinations. So new highly productive cultivar 'Sofiivskyi 15' was selected from the seedling population of ('Garibaldi'×C. chinensis). Conclusions. This discrepancy between the results of our crosses and the literature data can be explained by the fact that our C. chinensis specimens were introduced not from the initial natural area (China South-Central), but from the collection of Berlin Botanical Garden (Botanischer Garten Berlin-Dahlem) where they could spontaneously be pollinated with some other Corylus spp. The advantages of our new hazelnut cultivars: 'Sofiyivsky 1'; \"Sofiyivsky 2\"; and 'Sofiyivsky 15', which have been included in the State register of plant varieties suitable for dissemination in Ukraine since 2019, testify to the effectiveness of hazelnut breeding for anthropoadaptability.","PeriodicalId":475640,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimentalʹnoï evolûcìï organìzmìv","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135427359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Initiation, development and achievements of molecular-biological and molecular-genetic research in Ukraine (on the 50th anniversary of the Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of the NAS of Ukraine)","authors":"V. A. Kunakh","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v32.1527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v32.1527","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is focused on the main events that initiated molecular biological and molecular genetic research in Ukraine. It examines the main directions and achievements of these sciences in the Sector of Molecular Biology and Genetics of the D. K. Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR that was the forerunner of the IMBG. The scientific and organizational activities of the IMBG and the contribution of its employees to the development of modern biology are briefly analyzed over the 50 years of the institute’s existence.","PeriodicalId":475640,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimentalʹnoï evolûcìï organìzmìv","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135428136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population genetic analysis of the population of Luhansk oblast","authors":"V. V. Shuba, М. Yu. Gorpynchenko, L. O. Atramentova","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v33.1577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v33.1577","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The aim was to analyze the population of Luhansk region and to investigate the possibility of surnames to differentiate populations at the district level. Methods. The general population census database of Luhansk oblast was used. Calculations of indicators of the population structure of the regional and eighteen district populations were carried out according to I. Barrai. Results. The structure of the Luhansk regional population is characterized by the isonymy index І (2.4×10-4), the FST inbreeding coefficient (6.0×10-5), the migration index v (18.7×10-4), the diversity index a (41.7×102), entropy H (14.6) and surname redundancy R (31.0). Indicators of district populations vary widely: I from 3.5×10-4 in the industrial areas of the south of the region to 23.7×10-4 in the north. The FST is in the range 8.7–59.3×10-5, v — 69.3–241.9×10-4, a — 4.3–29.0×102, H — 9.7–13.4, R — 24.1–30.2. Conclusions. The results obtained with the surnames testify to the significant impact of human economic activity on the population structure, which is reflected in isonymy, inbreeding and migration.","PeriodicalId":475640,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimentalʹnoï evolûcìï organìzmìv","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135428300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic aspects of seed longevity of some cereals and legumes","authors":"O. A. Zadorozhna, K. M. Zadorozhnyi","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v33.1579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v33.1579","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To highlight the importance of genetic aspects of seed storage on the example of important crops such as wheat, peas, soybeans and others. To show the response of different genotypes of samples to seed longevity under different conditions of seed formation. Methods. Laboratory studies of seed germination, monitoring of meteorological conditions of seed formation, statistical processing of the results. Results. The results of monitoring the germination of wheat, peas, chickpeas and soybean seeds stored for more than five years were analyzed. At moisture content 5-8 %, the difference in seed longevity of gene pool samples under different conditions of formation and storage is shown. The problems and prospects of such analysis are discussed. Conclusions. The obtained monitoring results indicate the importance of the genetic pathway for predicting seed longevity. The transcriptional regulation of seed formation, which then affects its ability to germinate and longevity should be studied.","PeriodicalId":475640,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimentalʹnoï evolûcìï organìzmìv","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135428302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of nicotinic acid in defence of wheat plants against hypoxia under flooding stress","authors":"I. V. Zhuk, Ju. V. Shylina","doi":"10.7124/feeo.v32.1542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v32.1542","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The aim of the research was to investigate the induction of the Triticum aestivum L. non-specific tolerance by nicotinic acid to hypoxia during the flooding stress. Methods. Winter wheat plants cv. Ladyzhynka were grown in laboratory conditions and had been treated by nicotinic acid solution then flooding stress started. The hydrogen peroxide content in leaves and morphometric parameters were measured during the experimental period. Results. It is shown that the influence of the nicotinic acid was essential during the first hour of the flooding stress. After 96 hours of flooding stress the nicotinic acid balanced the hydrogenous peroxide level in wheat leaves close to control. Conclusions. Nicotinic acid decreased the stress level in wheat plants under flooding conditions via regulation of hydrogen peroxide content in leaves. The regulation of the hydrogen peroxide level could influence on plant adaptation to flooding stress and conditions of high humidity, decrease the damage of tissues and prevent their loss under flooding. Nicotinic acid could be used as a perspective component for compound combinations to induce complex stimulation of plant tolerance and defense against plant biotic and abiotic stresses.","PeriodicalId":475640,"journal":{"name":"Faktori eksperimentalʹnoï evolûcìï organìzmìv","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135428632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}