Global Strategy Journal最新文献

{"title":"A perspective on three trade-offs of blockchain technology for the global strategy of the MNC","authors":"Tuuli Hakkarainen,&nbsp;Anatoli Colicev,&nbsp;Torben Pedersen","doi":"10.1002/gsj.1509","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gsj.1509","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Research Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>New technology plays a key role in shaping the global strategy of the MNC. We propose a perspective on how and why a novel technological development—blockchain technology—and its relevant applications affect the global strategy of the MNC. We focus on the trade-offs associated with cryptocurrencies, smart contracts, and blockchain data, and provide several real-world examples. While cryptocurrencies could lower financial costs and broaden consumers' payment options, they require new investments in cybersecurity and payment infrastructure. Smart contracts could increase trust in collaboration due to their automated, transparent, and inflexible rules, but their rigidity can harm collaboration. Finally, while blockchain data can enhance the MNC's analytics capabilities, it can also jeopardize consumer privacy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Managerial Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Is blockchain technology all hype or a useful advancement for global firms? We propose that this technology has merits and drawbacks for financial transactions, collaboration, and data analytics. Cryptocurrencies have stolen the headlines and several leading organizations have already added them as payment methods. Their merits include lower transaction fees, better security, and higher speed, but they require expensive infrastructure and carry a stigma. Smart contracts can streamline agreements between parties but lack the flexibility that global firms need when interacting with suppliers and partners. Novel blockchain data can be plugged into marketing dashboards but can also threaten consumer privacy. Overall, the jury is still out on the role of blockchain technology for global firms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47563,"journal":{"name":"Global Strategy Journal","volume":"14 3","pages":"635-654"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gsj.1509","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141366457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inward FDI and local firms' political connections in emerging markets: Evidence from China","authors":"Meitong Dong,&nbsp;Pengcheng Ma,&nbsp;Lin Cui","doi":"10.1002/gsj.1503","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gsj.1503","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Research Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Research on the spillover effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) into emerging markets has primarily focused on local firms' productivity or innovation outcomes while overlooking their nonmarket strategies. Based on the resource dependence theory, we propose that inward FDI has a U-shaped impact on local firms' political connections. This is because when FDI is at a low to medium level, its spillover benefits substitute for local firms' dependence on government resources. As FDI further increases, its competitive threats outweigh spillover benefits, driving local firms to a greater dependence on the government to neutralize the threats. This relationship is contingent on external and internal factors altering resource similarity between FDI and local government. Our analyses of Chinese listed firms support our predictions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Managerial Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study delves into how firms in emerging markets respond to inward FDI, particularly focusing on the role of political connections as a nonmarket strategy. Our findings offer valuable insights for both local firms and governments, providing a holistic view of the opportunities and challenges associated with inward FDI. We advise local firms to adopt a balanced approach by integrating both market and nonmarket strategies to maximize benefits, as relying solely on political connections may not be the most effective way to address the challenges posed by inward FDI. Additionally, our research emphasizes the importance of evaluating the resources provided by inward FDI against those provided by local governments, as the similarity of these resources alters the role of inward FDI as perceived by local firms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47563,"journal":{"name":"Global Strategy Journal","volume":"14 2","pages":"312-349"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140740568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MNCs' corporate social irresponsibility and foreign subsidiary performance","authors":"N. Nuruzzaman,&nbsp;Erin E. Makarius,&nbsp;Debmalya Mukherjee,&nbsp;Ajai Gaur","doi":"10.1002/gsj.1502","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gsj.1502","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Research Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Building on the cognitive view of stakeholder evaluation, we propose that multinational corporations' (MNCs') socially irresponsible acts transcend geographic boundaries and negatively affect foreign subsidiary performance. Moreover, we propose that foreign subsidiaries' product innovation and marketing campaigns create strategic noise in the information space that can mitigate the negative effect of MNCs' corporate social irresponsibility (CSI) incidents occurring elsewhere on the performance of their foreign subsidiaries. We test our arguments on 335 subsidiaries of 42 multinational grocery retailers from 18 different home countries. Our analyses, based on a sample of 2185 subsidiary-year observations over the period of 9 years (2012–2020), largely support our core argument that CSI incidents negatively influence the sales growth of foreign subsidiaries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Managerial Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research underscores the importance for MNC managers to be cognizant of the potential fallout from CSI incidents. With the global spread of information, MNCs' misconduct that occurs elsewhere can quickly impact the sales growth of foreign subsidiaries. The study found that product or service innovations are more effective than marketing campaigns in managing reputational damage, emphasizing the value of genuine, capability-enhancing strategies. Furthermore, the findings highlight the interconnectedness between socially responsible practices and innovation, suggesting that MNCs and their subsidiaries should focus on maintaining strong ethical standards while simultaneously fostering an environment conducive to innovation. This approach not only addresses the adverse effects of CSI but also strengthens the MNC's overall standing with its stakeholders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47563,"journal":{"name":"Global Strategy Journal","volume":"14 3","pages":"509-541"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gsj.1502","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139686458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The microfoundations of international commitment decisions: Creating joint opportunity meanings","authors":"Mikael Eriksson,&nbsp;Esther Tippmann","doi":"10.1002/gsj.1501","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gsj.1501","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Research Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite a vast body of theory on internationalization processes, little is known about the microfoundations of how firms deal with internal groups' diverse views when trying to make international commitment decisions. Drawing on the concept of opportunity formation and a detailed case study, we develop a model that shows how, under the condition of diverse internal meanings, firms can make an international commitment decision by creating “joint opportunity meanings.” We show how imagination plays an essential role in achieving this decision. Our study contributes to global strategy in multiple ways, including detailing some microfoundations of internationalization process theory, assessing group-level dynamics in global strategy decision-making, and advancing insights into the relationship between opportunity formation and imagination.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Managerial Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper explains how global organizations can reach a decision to commit to an opportunity in a foreign market in a situation characterized by disagreement among internal groups. We found how it was critical to move from diverse views on an opportunity to joint opportunity meanings, whereby the groups mutually accomplish a description of the opportunity with an agreed and common terminology that is ambiguous enough to accommodate remaining diversity in views. In this process, managers' forward-looking imaginations, in combination with socialization and symbolic actions, were crucial. Our paper highlights how local ideas in complex multinationals can be spread with the intent to reach key decision-makers and how firms can reach sufficiently overlapping meanings that enable them to strategically move forward while allowing for the plurality of views that multinationals often exhibit.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47563,"journal":{"name":"Global Strategy Journal","volume":"14 3","pages":"542-577"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gsj.1501","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139376406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"All politics starts local: Liability of stateness and subnational labor markets","authors":"Cheng Li, Klaus Meyer","doi":"10.1002/gsj.1500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gsj.1500","url":null,"abstract":"State-controlled acquirers face a liability of stateness (LoS) because host country stakeholders consider them less legitimate and as representatives of foreign political power. We argue that due to LoS, state-owned enterprises (SOEs) face more regulatory scrutiny in cross-border acquisitions than comparable private-owned enterprises (POEs). Applying a voting behavior perspective, we further posit this increased regulatory scrutiny is reduced when acquisitions occur via intermediaries, and in host communities less averse to state ownership due to local labor conditions. Using a sample of cross-border acquisitions with acquirers from 44 economies and targets in 50 US states, we find that SOEs are 9% more likely to attract additional regulatory scrutiny than POEs. However, this likelihood decreases with indirect acquisitions and in host regions with high unemployment.","PeriodicalId":47563,"journal":{"name":"Global Strategy Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138716406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-investments by multinationals: A new perspective","authors":"Mark Casson,&nbsp;Nigel Wadeson","doi":"10.1002/gsj.1499","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gsj.1499","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Research Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cross-flows of foreign direct investment (FDI) occur when firms invest in each other's home countries, affecting the terms of competition in each market. They are explained by internalization theory but have never been comprehensively investigated. This article models cross-investment in a duopoly with differentiated products. The firms decide whether to enter each market and whether to serve it through trade or local production. The model combines firm-, country-, and industry-level factors. It places cross-investment in the wider context of cross-sourcing, including cross-trading and asymmetric sourcing. It reveals different forms of cross-investment rather than being limited to cross-multidomestic. Overall, cross-investment is favored by highly differentiated products, low comparative advantage, large markets, high trade costs, and low costs of FDI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Managerial Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cross-investment, where firms conduct FDI into each other's home countries, is an important phenomenon but has received little recent attention in international business literature. This article seeks, through mathematical modeling, to establish a better understanding of it in the wider context of cross-sourcing. This helps to show how the strategy of the individual firm fits with those of the other firms in an international industry and how different possible industry structures and performance levels result. It includes choices over the locations from which markets are served being a potential source of first-mover advantage. For instance, committing to producing in a country could reduce the cost of serving its market, potentially altering the equilibrium outcome in favor of the first mover.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47563,"journal":{"name":"Global Strategy Journal","volume":"14 2","pages":"279-311"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gsj.1499","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138545794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responsibility boundaries and the governance of global value chains: The interplay of efficiency, ethical, and institutional pressures in global strategy","authors":"Thomas DeBerge","doi":"10.1002/gsj.1498","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gsj.1498","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Research Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>I explore the relationship of firm global strategy and global value chain (GVC) governance, within a context of expanding responsibility boundaries for unethical practices in the value chain. Specifically, focusing on the tantalum supply chain within the digital electronics GVC, I conduct a case-based process study that contextualizes the different strategic responses of three manufacturers of tantalum capacitors when faced with similar efficiency, ethical, and institutional pressures. Integrating the GVC and global strategy literatures, I find that structural inertia in GVCs limits the efficacy of strategies that preserve, rather than alter, the governance structure, instead requiring a strategic restructuring carried out by individual firms, whose internalization of responsibility boundaries is encouraged by the institutionalization of these boundaries through public policy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Managerial Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Unethical practices within global value chains are increasingly becoming the responsibility of firms with no direct control over such practices, leading to growing pressures for firms to alter their global strategies to meet social and institutional demands. Research has focused on strategies that preserve the structure of the value chain, despite questions about the efficacy of these approaches. By looking at the case of “conflict minerals” within the digital electronics value chain, this study finds that inherent flaws in value chain structures, which managers can identify, require individual firms to implement strategies that change the structure of the value chain, specifically by increasing ownership and control over the linkages where unethical practices occur and encouraging public policies that add value to these strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47563,"journal":{"name":"Global Strategy Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"196-222"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gsj.1498","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135868670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scarce resources or damaged goods? On the legitimacy of laid-off workers following MNC failure","authors":"Kristina Vaarst Andersen,&nbsp;Mark Lorenzen,&nbsp;Agnieszka Urszula Nowinska","doi":"10.1002/gsj.1497","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gsj.1497","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Research Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We contribute to theorizing global human resource strategy by analyzing the mobility of workers laid off due to the failure of a MNC employer. The job opportunities of laid-off workers are affected by their industry legitimacy. Focusing on scarce specialized workers, we propose that prospective MNC employers share an interest in retaining such workers' legitimacy. However, in the light of organizational failure, they may suffer from cross-border legitimacy loss conditioned by their former employer's MNC structure—specifically, their former organizational units or geographical locations. We present an illustrative case study of traders laid off by a spectacular bankruptcy in the global bunker industry. This inspires a discussion of how MNC top management can manipulate worker legitimacy following an organizational failure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Managerial Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Strategic hiring of globally mobile scarce specialized workers is central to global human resource strategy. We analyze what drives the legitimacy and mobility of such workers after being laid off by a bankruptcy of their former employer. We demonstrate that laid off workers experience comparatively high legitimacy loss when they were previously assigned to an MNC organizational unit or geographical location where other workers were suspected of being responsible for failure. This weakens their bargaining position vis-a-vis a prospective employer. We present an illustrative case study of traders laid off by a spectacular bankruptcy in the global bunker oil industry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47563,"journal":{"name":"Global Strategy Journal","volume":"14 3","pages":"604-634"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gsj.1497","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135166588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-border acquisitions by sovereign wealth funds: A legitimacy-based view","authors":"Samuele Murtinu,&nbsp;Vittoria G. Scalera,&nbsp;Roger Strange","doi":"10.1002/gsj.1496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gsj.1496","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Research Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Drawing on institutional economics and the legitimacy-based view of political risk, we investigate the factors determining the realization of cross-border investments by sovereign wealth funds (SWFs), whose investments often suffer from a lack of legitimacy in host countries. Using matching models on all the realized and potential investments, we find that investments are more likely to materialize when the SWF home country and the host country enjoy cordial political relations or are involved in a trade agreement. Contrary to the theoretical predictions, SWF politicization does not per se represent an impediment to the realization of investments. Rather, it has a negative effect on the likelihood of an investment's realization only in the presence of trade agreements.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Managerial Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A recent trend in the global economy is the increasing cross-border investment activity undertaken by sovereign wealth funds (SWFs), large investment vehicles where financial and political goals often co-exist. On the grounds of possible financial or political destabilization, SWFs' cross-border investments attract scrutiny and suspicion in host countries, hindering their realization. We analyze SWF- and country-level factors that may determine the successful realization of SWFs' cross-border acquisitions. We suggest that managers <i>ex ante</i> select target firms and host countries by considering their fund's governance and degree of independence from home-country politics in interaction with bilateral (home-host country) political and economic relations, so as to secure legitimacy for their investments and maximize the chances that cross-border investment strategies may materialize.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47563,"journal":{"name":"Global Strategy Journal","volume":"13 4","pages":"888-926"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gsj.1496","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134799562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Networks of internationalizing digital platforms in physical place and digital space","authors":"Tamara Galkina,&nbsp;Irina Atkova,&nbsp;Francesca Ciulli","doi":"10.1002/gsj.1495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gsj.1495","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Research Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The existing literature provides contradictory evidence on how digital platform firms establish network relations for internationalization. Some studies argue that they all but obviate the need for traditional relations in physical places. Others argue that these firms can suffer from overreliance on online interactions in digital space. We examine the coexistence of the network relations of international digital platform firms in physical place and digital space. Our multiple-case study identifies three coexistence mechanisms: reinforcement, separation, and simulation. These mechanisms are conditioned by three respective modes of bordering between physical place and digital space: soldering, interosculation, and division. We contribute to the network approach to internationalization and formulate implications for the concepts of location and borders in international business.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Managerial Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>International digital platform firms establish traditional network relations in physical places and rely heavily on online interactions in digital space. However, how do they combine their networking activities in these two localities? We examine the coexistence of the network relations of international digital platform firms in physical place and digital space and identify three coexistence mechanisms: reinforcement, separation, and simulation. These mechanisms are conditioned by three respective modes of bordering between physical place and digital space: soldering, interosculation, and division. We show that international platform companies, despite being digital in nature, are well advised to pay attention to not only digital but also actual physical networking, and that they come to see these as mutually nurturing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47563,"journal":{"name":"Global Strategy Journal","volume":"13 4","pages":"774-804"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gsj.1495","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134813064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}