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The Statutory Codification of Decisional Capacity Standards. 决策能力标准的法定编纂。
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.230043-23
Jacob M Appel
{"title":"The Statutory Codification of Decisional Capacity Standards.","authors":"Jacob M Appel","doi":"10.29158/JAAPL.230043-23","DOIUrl":"10.29158/JAAPL.230043-23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The adoption of the widely used four specific skills model of decisional capacity assessment, first proposed by Appelbaum and Grisso in 1988, has become widely accepted in clinical practice. Many jurisdictions have, through legislative action, incorporated one or more of these skills into state law as part of the legal definition of decisional capacity. These statutes pose a challenge for physicians hoping to revise these criteria, as some commentators have recently proposed. This article categorizes and analyzes existing state statutes that define decisional capacity or designate certain classes of individuals to render such assessments. Many of these statutes incorporate aspects of the four skills model into state law, such that legislative action would be required to affect significant changes in methods of capacity assessment. As a result, physicians in many jurisdictions are unable to modify these criteria on their own. Any effort to alter capacity assessment standards will have to take into account the potential challenges to enacting statutory change at the outset of such efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":47554,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"506-519"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71427878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Collateral Consequences for Third-Party Interviewees in Forensic Contexts. 法证环境下第三方受访者的附带后果。
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.230059-23
Julie Goldenson, Stanley L Brodsky, Kirk Heilbrun
{"title":"Collateral Consequences for Third-Party Interviewees in Forensic Contexts.","authors":"Julie Goldenson, Stanley L Brodsky, Kirk Heilbrun","doi":"10.29158/JAAPL.230059-23","DOIUrl":"10.29158/JAAPL.230059-23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Collateral interviews can be an integral source of third-party information used in a range of forensic mental health assessments. Although family members and spouses often have the most knowledge about the evaluee, research suggests that they may also experience distress related to the legal proceedings. This article discusses the nature and purpose of collateral interviewing with close collateral contacts, comparing collateral interviews with direct interviews with evaluees. The secondary consequences of having a justice-involved family member are considered, including the possibility of vicarious trauma. Finally, the responsibilities of evaluators are considered, especially in the context of trauma-informed principles applied to collateral interviewing. Recommendations regarding consent, the use of empathy, and feedback to collateral are provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":47554,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"520-528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10261695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Insights on Female Sex Offenders from the Missouri Registry. 从密苏里州登记处了解女性性犯罪者。
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.230057-23
Elias Ghossoub, Nadia El Harake
{"title":"Insights on Female Sex Offenders from the Missouri Registry.","authors":"Elias Ghossoub, Nadia El Harake","doi":"10.29158/JAAPL.230057-23","DOIUrl":"10.29158/JAAPL.230057-23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is limited research on female sex offenders and their offending characteristics. The sociocultural description of women as being nurturing, nonaggressive and, more significantly, nonsexual has diverted the attention from female sexual offending. Although reports have shown that female sex offenders make up two percent of the whole sex offender population, the true rate is remarkably higher because the caretaking behavior of women masks their sexual offenses. The purpose of our study is to explore the characteristics of female sex offenders. We analyzed the publicly available Missouri sex offender registry database and selected all female sex offenders (<i>n</i> = 532) of any age who committed their crimes in Missouri and were convicted in Missouri. We found that the 532 female offenders had a mean age of 29.8 years at the time of their first offense and were convicted for a total of 992 offenses. The calculated recidivism rate was close to 0.6 percent. Moreover, 89.5 percent of offenders had strictly contact offenses, whereas five percent had strictly pornography offenses. Implications for risk assessment are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":47554,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"500-505"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10579812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Corrigendum. 更正。
IF 2.7 4区 医学
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.230105-23
{"title":"Corrigendum.","authors":"","doi":"10.29158/JAAPL.230105-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29158/JAAPL.230105-23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47554,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":"51 4","pages":"610"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138809532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Letters. 来信
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.230092-23
Kristen C Ochoa
{"title":"Letters.","authors":"Kristen C Ochoa","doi":"10.29158/JAAPL.230092-23","DOIUrl":"10.29158/JAAPL.230092-23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47554,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":"51 4","pages":"608"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138809503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluating Female Sex Offenders Without Prejudice. 不带偏见地评估女性性犯罪者。
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.230064-23
Susan Hatters Friedman, Renée M Sorrentino, Daniel Riordan, Kerri Eagle
{"title":"Evaluating Female Sex Offenders Without Prejudice.","authors":"Susan Hatters Friedman, Renée M Sorrentino, Daniel Riordan, Kerri Eagle","doi":"10.29158/JAAPL.230064-23","DOIUrl":"10.29158/JAAPL.230064-23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47554,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":"51 4","pages":"466-474"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138809555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Emerging Forensic Implications of the Artificial Intelligence Revolution. 人工智能革命对法医学的新影响。
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.230080-23
Declan J Grabb, Cara Angelotta
{"title":"Emerging Forensic Implications of the Artificial Intelligence Revolution.","authors":"Declan J Grabb, Cara Angelotta","doi":"10.29158/JAAPL.230080-23","DOIUrl":"10.29158/JAAPL.230080-23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47554,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":"51 4","pages":"475-479"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138809548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
In Reply. 回复中。
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.230091-23
Fred S Berlin
{"title":"In Reply.","authors":"Fred S Berlin","doi":"10.29158/JAAPL.230091-23","DOIUrl":"10.29158/JAAPL.230091-23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47554,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":"51 4","pages":"609-610"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138809496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Letters. 来信
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.230104-23
Kristopher Kaliebe
{"title":"Letters.","authors":"Kristopher Kaliebe","doi":"10.29158/JAAPL.230104-23","DOIUrl":"10.29158/JAAPL.230104-23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47554,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":"51 4","pages":"608-609"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138809579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Value of Conditional Release for Insanity Acquittees. 有条件释放对精神错乱无罪的价值。
IF 2.7 4区 医学
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.230062-23
James B Reynolds
{"title":"The Value of Conditional Release for Insanity Acquittees.","authors":"James B Reynolds","doi":"10.29158/JAAPL.230062-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29158/JAAPL.230062-23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The procedures and outcomes of conditional release of insanity acquittees is a relatively neglected area of forensic psychiatric research. The release procedures vary in individual states, resulting in a wide range of approaches, from the careful selection of appropriate patients and strict monitoring in the community, to literally no mechanism for ensuring the future safety of such individuals. In North Carolina there are institutional barriers which even hinder research on the outcomes of such cases. Haroon and colleagues report on the post-release outcomes of insanity acquittees in North Carolina from 1996 to 2020. The findings of the researchers are analyzed in light of the lack of a formal post-release monitoring system in their state, contrasted with outcomes in states where a strict monitoring program is in place. Commentary is provided on the study findings, including associations between demographic, psychiatric, and criminological characteristics of insanity acquittees and release outcomes, as well as an apparent systemic bias against minority acquittees in the insanity commitment and release process in North Carolina. Further research on this important topic, from additional state jurisdictions, is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":47554,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":"51 3","pages":"353-356"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10195402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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