Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law最新文献_第4页

Firearm Disqualification and Rights Restoration Among Adults with Mental Illness in Virginia. 弗吉尼亚州成年精神疾病患者的持枪资格取消和权利恢复。

IF 2 4区医学

Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.250048-25

Jeffrey Swanson, Michele Easter, Madeline Stenger, James Goodrich, Brett Gardner, Heather Zelle, Richard Bonnie

{"title":"Firearm Disqualification and Rights Restoration Among Adults with Mental Illness in Virginia.","authors":"Jeffrey Swanson, Michele Easter, Madeline Stenger, James Goodrich, Brett Gardner, Heather Zelle, Richard Bonnie","doi":"10.29158/JAAPL.250048-25","DOIUrl":"10.29158/JAAPL.250048-25","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated legal prohibitions on firearm possession in a population of 128,090 adults in Virginia with a serious mental illness and record of at least one psychiatric hospitalization between 1998 and 2015. Approximately half the study population acquired a gun-disqualifying record of a mental health adjudication or felony criminal conviction. Among persons with a mental health disqualification, the annualized arrest rate for gun-involved violent crime subsequently declined by 35.9 percent during the prohibition period; no such decline was seen in the arrest rate for crimes not involving guns. The likelihood of arrest for a gun-involved violent crime was further reduced among people whose disqualifying record was reported to the background check database (odds ratio (OR) = .7; 95% confidence interval (CI) .6 - .8; p ≤ .0010). In a subgroup analysis of individuals (n = 261) who lost and regained firearm eligibility, 14.6 percent had a subsequent arrest for a violent crime, 1.5 percent for a gun-involved crime. Regarding suicide, 1.5 percent of the restored group died of intentional self-inflicted injuries, half of those involving a firearm. The study provides evidence that firearm prohibitions were partially effective, especially when disqualifying records were reported to the background check database. Study findings give cause for modest concern for the safety consequences of gun rights restoration as practiced in one state.","PeriodicalId":47554,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"273-286"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144974183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Scoping Literature Review of Mental Illness in Decisions Regarding Pretrial Release. 关于审前释放决定中精神疾病的文献综述。

IF 2 4区医学

Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.250034-25

Emily Nash, Sela Dragich, Leah Pope, Elizabeth Ford, Paul Appelbaum

{"title":"A Scoping Literature Review of Mental Illness in Decisions Regarding Pretrial Release.","authors":"Emily Nash, Sela Dragich, Leah Pope, Elizabeth Ford, Paul Appelbaum","doi":"10.29158/JAAPL.250034-25","DOIUrl":"10.29158/JAAPL.250034-25","url":null,"abstract":"Judges generally make pretrial release decisions based on the risk that a defendant will miss court appearances or pose a danger to the community; for criminal cases initiated in state courts, this decision-making is guided by state bail statutes, with judicial discretion within statutory limits. Individuals with mental illnesses may be disproportionately exposed to pretrial detention, exposing them to the psychiatric, medical, and legal consequences of incarceration. The purpose of this literature review was to find out if and how mental illness is related to missed court appearances or rearrest while individuals are awaiting trial. This review identified a limited number of empirical studies examining the association between mental illness and these outcomes. The results of the studies were variable. Although some studies found that mental illness variables predicted failure to appear, the relationship was more prominent for women than men. Substance use and criminal history appear to be more consistent predictors than mental illness. The data on the relationship between mental illness-related variables and rearrest are also mixed. Further research is needed to understand if or how mental illness affects decisions on pretrial detention.","PeriodicalId":47554,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"239-250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144700088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forensic Assessments of Hindus with Workplace Discrimination Claims. 对工作场所歧视索赔的印度教徒的法医评估。

IF 2 4区医学

Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.250035-25

Neil Krishan Aggarwal

引用次数: 0

Forensic Assessment of Transgender Persons. 变性人的法医鉴定。

IF 2 4区医学

Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.250049-25

Ariana Nesbit Huselid, Juliette Dupré, Noorin Damji, Renée Sorrentino

引用次数: 0

Determining the Goals Toward Which Forensic Mental Health Practice Should Aspire. 确定法医心理健康实践应该追求的目标。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.250016-25

Jacob M Appel

引用次数: 0

Research Literacy Is Crucial in Training Forensic Psychiatrists. 研究素养是培训法医精神病学家的关键。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.250021-25

Susan Hatters Friedman

引用次数: 0

A Pilot Analysis Investigating the Use of AI in Malingering. 一项调查人工智能在诈欺中的应用的试点分析。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.240115-24

Scott A Gershan, Esther Schoenfeld, Declan J Grabb

引用次数: 0

Predictors of Child and Parent Offender Removal in Incidents of Child Neglect in U.S. Army Families. 美国陆军家庭中儿童忽视事件中儿童和父母罪犯移除的预测因素。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.240114-24

Christin M Ogle, Steven P Nemcek, Jing Zhou, Stephen J Cozza

{"title":"Predictors of Child and Parent Offender Removal in Incidents of Child Neglect in U.S. Army Families.","authors":"Christin M Ogle, Steven P Nemcek, Jing Zhou, Stephen J Cozza","doi":"10.29158/JAAPL.240114-24","DOIUrl":"10.29158/JAAPL.240114-24","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined predictors of child and parent offender removal from the home following substantiated incidents of child neglect in U.S. Army families. Case records (n = 390) were coded to identify neglect types and incident characteristics associated with removal in prior studies. Results indicate that the removal of a child and the removal of a parent from the home following an incident of neglect are associated with distinct neglect types and incident characteristics. In bivariate analyses, failure to provide physical needs (FTP), family mental health problems, and co-occurring abuse were each associated with higher odds of child removal. In multivariate analyses, offender substance use, co-occurring abuse, and early parenting, but not FTP, were associated with child removal. Interaction models indicated that high-severity FTP incidents in families with mental health problems were more likely to result in child removal compared with other neglect incidents. In contrast, incidents involving emotional neglect and service member offenders were associated with higher odds of parent removal. Findings advance understanding of the characteristics of neglect incidents associated with family separations, which can improve the judiciousness of legal decisions regarding removal actions and inform prevention efforts that effectively protect children from harm while minimizing disruptions to family integrity.","PeriodicalId":47554,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"160-171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AI-Assisted Deception and the Emerging Challenge of LLMs in Forensic Psychiatry. 人工智能辅助欺骗和法医精神病学法学硕士的新挑战。

IF 2 4区医学

Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.250022-25

Jason G Roof

引用次数: 0

Toward Aspirational Forensic Mental Health Practice. 迈向有抱负的法医心理健康实践。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.240123-24

Julie Goldenson, Stanley L Brodsky, Terry Kukor

引用次数: 0