Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science最新文献

{"title":"Derived hierarchical responding. A scoping review","authors":"Jorge Villarroel Carrasco ,&nbsp;Javier Vela ,&nbsp;Beatriz Harana-Lahera ,&nbsp;Carmen Luciano","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hierarchical networks are defined as classes of stimuli (e.g., “living organism”) that include subclasses (e.g., “plants,” “animals”), which in turn contain further sublevels (e.g., “cats,” “dogs,” “trees,” “grass”). This type of responding is relevant in domains such as concept learning, language development, psychopathology, and education, among others. It has been studied from various theoretical perspectives, including behavioral approaches. In this context, Relational Frame Theory (RFT) has facilitated the experimental analysis of such responses by conceptualizing them as derived relational responding. This scoping review analyzes 16 experimental studies that trained hierarchical networks and tested derived relational responses. The studies have been identified following PRISMA-ScR-guided scoping reviews. The review included studies that met these criteria: (1) experimental manipulation of at least one independent variable; (2) training categorization across two or more hierarchical levels; (3) testing derived or untrained responses; and (4) publication in peer-reviewed journals. The review examines training methods, network complexity, and derived responses within the networks. Of the total of studies identified, seven studies trained non-arbitrary classification responses, while nine focused on arbitrary networks. Among these, there was variability in training variables, network structure (number of stimuli, branches, among others), and derived functions tested. Overall, the literature remains scarce and fragmented regarding complex hierarchical responding, especially the derived functions across levels and branches. Future research should clarify training conditions to establish hierarchical responding and further explore its defining features.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100948"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of psychological flexibility in mindful parenting during the postpartum period: A longitudinal study on the mediating effect of maternal psychopathology","authors":"Helena Moreira ,&nbsp;Tatiana Dias ,&nbsp;Inês A. Trindade","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to examine whether postpartum depression and anxiety mediated the relationship between psychological flexibility (PF)—measured through its three overarching dimensions: openness to experience, behavioral awareness, and engagement/valued action—and mindful parenting among postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, it investigated changes in postpartum anxiety, postpartum depression, and mindful parenting across two time points: before and during a lockdown period.</div><div>A total of 363 mothers of children aged 0–5 months participated in an online longitudinal study. The first assessment (T1) was conducted in December 2020, a period marked by eased COVID-19 restrictions. The second assessment (T2) took place in March 2021, during the third wave of the pandemic, which coincided with a lockdown period. Mothers completed self-report measures of PF (CompACT-18), postpartum anxiety (PSAS-RSF-C), postpartum depression (EPDS), and mindful parenting (IMP-I).</div><div>Behavioral awareness showed a significant indirect effect on mindful parenting through postpartum depression, while openness to experience indirectly influenced mindful parenting through postpartum anxiety. However, the valued action dimension did not significantly predict mothers’ mental health or mindful parenting outcomes. Postpartum depression, postpartum anxiety, and mindful parenting all increased over time.</div><div>These findings suggest that interventions designed to enhance psychological flexibility—particularly by fostering awareness and openness—could be highly beneficial for new mothers, especially in uncertain or high-stress situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, for example, may not only help postpartum mothers manage their mental health but also enhance their capacity for mindful parenting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100950"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Contextual-compassion training for borderline personality with long lasting symptoms: A randomized clinical trial” [Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 34 (2024) 2–10/100846]","authors":"Elisabet Casellas-Pujol ,&nbsp;Joaquim Soler ,&nbsp;Carlos Schmidt ,&nbsp;Anna Soria-Madrid ,&nbsp;Matilde Elices ,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Pascual","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100941","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100941"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing a bifactor model of the comprehensive assessment of acceptance and Commitment Therapy Processes (CompACT) in Finnish and British populations","authors":"Ana Gallego ,&nbsp;Jaime Navarrete ,&nbsp;Simone Gorinelli ,&nbsp;Francesca Brandolin ,&nbsp;Päivi Lappalainen ,&nbsp;Nima Golijani-Moghaddam ,&nbsp;David L. Dawson ,&nbsp;Raimo Lappalainen ,&nbsp;Juan V. Luciano","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Psychological flexibility is a core concept in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, with several self-report instruments developed to measure it. One multidimensional measure is the Comprehensive Assessment of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Processes (CompACT). This study is the first to test a bifactor structure of the CompACT providing new insights into its dimensional structure and how scores should be computed. Additionally, the study validates the Finnish version of the instrument.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from five distinct non-clinical Finnish (n = 281) and British samples (n = 690) were obtained. The internal structure of the CompACT was examined through confirmatory factor analysis. For the Finnish samples, reliability, construct validity, and sensitivity to change were also performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The bifactor structure was the best-fitting model across Finnish and British samples, supporting both a general psychological flexibility factor and three specific subcomponents: openness to experience, behavioral awareness, and valued action. The Finnish version of the CompACT demonstrated good internal consistency, strong construct validity, and significant correlations with mindfulness, well-being, stress, and depression measures. Additionally, the measure was sensitive to change in psychological flexibility following ACT-based interventions, with moderate-to-large effect sizes.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This study represents a significant advancement in the psychometric evaluation of the CompACT, providing the first empirical evidence that a bifactor model offers the optimal structural representation of the measure. The bifactor structure supports, for the first time, the computation of both an overarching psychological flexibility score and subscale scores in the CompACT, reinforcing the theoretical conceptualization of psychological flexibility. These findings contribute to the refinement of psychological flexibility measurement and offer valuable insights for both research and clinical applications. Future studies should further investigate the bifactor model's added value over other established measures of psychological flexibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100952"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pilot feasibility and acceptability study of an online compassion-focused group therapy intervention to treat comorbid eating disorders and PTSD symptoms","authors":"Inge Gnatt ,&nbsp;Jessica L. Mackelprang ,&nbsp;Andrea Phillipou ,&nbsp;Maja Nedeljkovic","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Eating disorders (EDs) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) commonly co-occur but existing treatments do not effectively address these conditions concurrently. This pilot study describes outcomes of an online compassion-focused group therapy intervention that was adapted for adults experiencing EDs and posttraumatic stress symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Twenty women and one non-binary person with an ED and PTSD symptoms (age 35.68 <em>±</em> 13.61 years) completed a 10-week group-based (five groups) outpatient compassion-focused therapy (CFT) intervention. CFT was delivered online using video conferencing. In addition to ED symptoms and symptoms of PTSD, measures of self-compassion, fears of compassion, compassionate engagement and action, shame, depression, anxiety and stress were administered at baseline (the week prior to commencement), Week 6, endpoint (Week 10), and at 3-month follow up.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Across all groups, uptake and attendance was high and completion rates across the five groups averaged 86.7 %. Significant improvement was evident for all variables between baseline and endpoint, with the exception of dietary restraint and anxiety. Symptoms were largely stable or demonstrated further improvement across measures at the 3-month follow-up. All participants stated that they would recommend the intervention to others.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This study provides preliminary evidence of the feasibility and acceptability of compassion-focused group therapy delivered in an outpatient setting via video conferencing. Results suggest that CFT may be an effective transdiagnostic treatment for reducing aspects of ED and PTSD symptoms. Larger trials are needed to build the evidence base for this novel, telehealth intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100946"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement invariance and discriminant validity of the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire across five Spanish-speaking countries","authors":"Rodrigo Miguel Rosales-Sarabia ,&nbsp;Camilo Moore ,&nbsp;Carlos E. Montoya ,&nbsp;Betty Peña-Tomas ,&nbsp;Sebastián Ortiz ,&nbsp;Cristian Santamaría ,&nbsp;Paula Odriozola-González ,&nbsp;Francisco J. Ruiz","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>According to acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), cognitive fusion is a critical process contributing to psychopathology and behavioral ineffectiveness. The Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ) is the most used tool to assess this process and has been validated in various languages, including Spanish. However, the factorial equivalence of the CFQ across countries has been scarcely investigated, thereby precluding cross-cultural analyses of cognitive fusion. Additionally, it is necessary to explore the discriminant validity of the CFQ in relation to emotional symptoms to ensure that it assesses a distinct construct from negative emotions. Accordingly, this study examined the CFQ's factorial equivalence and discriminant validity in relation to emotional symptoms across samples from five Spanish-speaking countries: Colombia, Peru, Mexico, Chile, and Spain (total sample of 3389 participants). The CFQ demonstrated good psychometric properties in all samples, and the one-factor model showed measurement invariance across countries. The CFQ also demonstrated discriminant validity in relation to the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale – 21 (DASS-21). In conclusion, the CFQ appears to be a reliable and valid instrument for measuring cognitive fusion across Spanish-speaking countries, and it measures a construct distinct from negative emotions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100954"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity and reliability of the generalized pliance and tracking 2-way scale: GPT-2s","authors":"Kazuya Inoue ,&nbsp;Isa Okajima","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study developed and examined the validity and reliability of a scale that simultaneously measures generalized pliance and tracking with more focus on actions in daily situations. The so-called Generalized Pliance and Tracking 2-way Scale: GPT-2s comprises 16 items (8 items each for generalized pliance and tracking). In Study 1, an online survey was conducted among 1500 Japanese individuals (420 men, 1054 women, 26 others [mean age = 29.47 years, <em>SD</em> = 10.89]). We confirmed no violation of unidimensionality in the generalized pliance and generalized tracking factors by item response theory. Internal consistency was measured with Cronbach’s α =.80 for the generalized pliance factor and .84 for the tracking factor. Test–retest reliability was also assessed with intraclass correlation (1,1) = .61, 95 % CI [.55, .67] for generalized pliance and intraclass correlation (1,1) = .56, 95 % CI [.49, .62] for tracking. Regarding convergent validity, the generalized pliance score had a moderately negative correlation with the autonomy factor on the psychological well-being scale (<em>r</em> = −.42). Conversely, the generalized tracking score had moderately positive correlations with the clarification of value and commitment (<em>r</em> = .43) and the overall psychological well-being scale score (<em>r</em> = .48). Furthermore, generalized tracking scores were higher in the healthy group. In Study 2, generalized pliance score showed positive correlation with the Generalized Pliance Questionnaire (<em>r</em> = .43) and generalized tracking score showed positive correlation with the Generalized Tracking Questionnaire (<em>r</em> = .54). Finally, we discussed the usefulness and limitations of the GPT-2s.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100931"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Finding your values is important. You only die once.” - Analysing goal-talk in incarcerated adolescents struggling with substance use from a Relational Frame Theory perspective","authors":"Ida Mälarstig ,&nbsp;Niklas Törneke ,&nbsp;Tobias Lundgren ,&nbsp;Sven Alfonsson ,&nbsp;Mårten J. Tyrberg","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Individually formulated goals are crucial in many therapeutic approaches, yet the underlying processes remain unclear. Relational Frame Theory (RFT) offers a framework for understanding language as a form of operant learning governed by contextual factors. For example, relating to a goal as superior influences the function of subordinate behaviours. The present feasibility study examined the concept of “goal-talk”, i.e., adolescents’ verbal behaviour surrounding goals, using data from interviews with twelve adolescents in compulsory institutional care who had undergone the Adolescent Community Reinforcement Approach (A-CRA). A coding manual was developed through deductive content analysis, and a preliminary exploratory analysis was conducted to examine associations between goal-talk, alignment with personal values, and behavioural change. Coding and analysing goal-talk from an RFT perspective proved feasible, and a higher frequency of goal-talk, particularly appetitive goal-talk, was associated with reductions in substance use and increased alignment with personal values. These findings provide preliminary support for the utility of goal-talk as a concept, but should be interpreted cautiously, given the small, homogeneous sample. Suggestions for further refinement of the coding manual and directions for future research are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100947"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smartphone app-delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for post-traumatic stress disorder and gambling harm in veterans: A pilot feasibility study","authors":"Jess M. Williams ,&nbsp;Conor Heath ,&nbsp;Daniel Leightley ,&nbsp;Dominic Murphy ,&nbsp;Simon Dymond","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gambling harm and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) tend to be prevalent among veterans. Globally, help-seeking rates for gambling are low, and veterans may experience obstacles in accessing mental health support due to stigma. Digital health interventions may increase treatment uptake and improve outcomes for veterans. Here, we report findings from a pilot feasibility study of a novel smartphone application-based intervention, “ACT Vet”, based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for veterans experiencing PTSD symptoms, gambling harm, or both. A 10-week, within-subjects design was employed with 24 veterans (21 men, 2 women, 1 undisclosed; M_age = 45.29 years; SD = 10.70). Outcome measures assessed PTSD symptoms, gambling severity, psychological flexibility, anxiety, alcohol use, suicidality, and loneliness. We also examined participants' quality of life and app usability and acceptability ratings. Findings demonstrated significant reductions in both PTSD and gambling symptoms across the intervention, with a corresponding increase in psychological flexibility. Alcohol use also decreased post-intervention. High usability scores suggest the app was well-received by participants. Overall, the sustained improvements post-intervention indicates the successful deployment of ACT-based methods in an app format. ACT Vet has potential scalability as a first-line digital intervention for PTSD and/or gambling harm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100956"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mindful self-compassion program adapted for professional caregivers of juvenile detention facilities: A pilot mixed-method study","authors":"Marlene Paulo ,&nbsp;Paula Vagos ,&nbsp;Diana Ribeiro da Silva ,&nbsp;Paula Castilho ,&nbsp;Juliana Soares ,&nbsp;Rúben Sousa ,&nbsp;Fynnja Hellmig ,&nbsp;Daniel Rijo","doi":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcbs.2025.100955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Working with youth placed at juvenile detention facilities is considered a demanding and challenging job. Research shows that professional caregivers responsible for these youth are more prone to burnout syndrome and other related psychopathological symptoms. Still, while there is encouraging evidence about using compassion-based interventions or mindfulness strategies to tackle those difficulties with professional caregivers from different settings, little is known about those interventions’ effects among professional caregivers of juvenile detention facilities. To overcome this gap, this pilot mixed-method study aimed to assess the impact of an adapted version of the Mindful Self-Compassion program among professionals working in Portuguese juvenile detention facilities (MSC_JFD). A Treatment Group (TG; <em>n=</em>14) and a Waitlist Control Group (WCG; <em>n=</em>18) were assessed at baseline and posttreatment with self-report measures on self-compassion, mindfulness, fears of compassion, and burnout symptoms. The TG also participated in a focus group after completing the program. Individual change scores were plotted to visualize variability in responses between participants. Quantitative data showed that, compared to WCG participants, TG participants decreased their fears of giving compassion – a pattern also reflected in the qualitative findings. No other significant between-group differences were found. However, qualitative findings suggested perceived improvements in self-compassion, mindfulness, and burnout symptoms among TG participants. These findings indicate that the adapted version of the MSC program may be a promising and useful approach to address mental health difficulties among professional caregivers of juvenile detention facilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47544,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100955"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145362743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}