Applied Physics B最新文献

{"title":"Determining soot particle properties by Time-resolved laser-induced incandescence (TiRe-LII) in laminar flames","authors":"Yimeng Wu,&nbsp;Jiaqian Zhang,&nbsp;Lei Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08424-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08424-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soot formation in flames remains a central topic for both the combustion and atmospheric science communities. Time-resolved laser-induced incandescence (TiRe-LII), an effective optical technique for in-situ and online measurement of soot particle properties in laminar flames, has continued to advance following previous reviews of the LII technique. While the classical TiRe-LII technique focuses on deriving information from temporal decay data, this work reviews its extended applications, such as measuring additional soot particle properties (e.g., the absorption function) in laminar flames. Furthermore, the review highlights recovery strategies for determining primary particle size distributions, emphasizing the adaptability of experimental system design and strategy development to specific experimental conditions. The study concludes that TiRe-LII serves as an effective tool for unveiling the maturity of soot particles, leveraging prior knowledge of input parameters. The article also delves into the uncertainties analysis associated with TiRe-LII. Furthermore, the discussion encompasses advancements and limitations in TiRe-LII measurement, considering various applications scenarios, temporal and spatial resolutions. The article provides a comprehensive outlook on the future of soot particle measurement with TiRe-LII, outlining potential directions for further research and development. This work aims to serve as a valuable resource for practitioners, researchers, and engineers engaged in combustion studies and environmental monitoring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resonantly diode-pumped Tm:YAG laser for efficient 2036 nm generation","authors":"Jan Kratochvíl,&nbsp;Karel Veselský,&nbsp;Dominika Popelová,&nbsp;Jan Šulc,&nbsp;Helena Jelínková,&nbsp;Karel Nejezchleb,&nbsp;Štěpán Uxa","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08407-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08407-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a resonantly diode pumped Tm:YAG laser, operating at 2036 nm, wavelength-stabilized using a volume Bragg grating. This laser takes advantage of resonant diode pumping at 1.69 <span>({upmu })</span>m to achieve efficient emission in the high atmospheric transmission spectral region near 2 <span>({upmu })</span>m. Despite operation on the wing of the emission spectrum, an output power of up to 4.6 W was obtained with a slope efficiency of 49%. In a Q-switched regime, output pulses with an energy of 0.8 mJ and a duration of 360 ns were achieved with performance constrained by the chosen components. The results highlight the potential of compact resonantly diode-pumped 2 <span>({upmu })</span>m Tm<span>(^{3+})</span> laser systems for applications requiring efficient wavelength-specific sources, such as LIDAR and atmospheric sensing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00340-025-08407-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear propagation of high-energy multimode pulses in solid-state multipass cells","authors":"Junjie Yu,&nbsp;Hongguang Duan,&nbsp;Günter Steinmeyer,&nbsp;Chao Mei","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08422-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08422-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Due to their controllable optical path length and flexible adjustment of optical nonlinearity, multipass cells (MPCs) have emerged as an effective platform for investigations of strong-field nonlinear optics with few-cycle pulses. Prior compression schemes frequently employed hollow core fibers. Propagation in these fibers is effectively single transverse mode, which greatly simplifies numerical modeling. Here we tackle the problem of transverse-multimode nonlinear propagation in solid-state MPCs, employing a suitably expanded unidirectional pulse propagation equation. Our numerical investigation reveals a peculiar spatiotemporal optical wave breaking mechanisms, which is intricately linked to energy transfer dynamics from the fundamental to higher-order modes. This intermodal energy reallocation results in mode-specific pulse compression, depending on the energy in each mode. Remarkably, this process induces a rapid expansion of the beam size, which leads to a mitigation of adverse thermal effects. Our study provides deeper theoretical insights into multimode nonlinear propagation in solid-state MPCs. The observed spatiotemporal phenomena as well as the observed energy transfer dynamics offer valuable guidance for the design and application of MPCs in pulse compression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00340-025-08422-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-sensitive fiber optic cryogenic liquid level sensor by irradiating Gaussian and non-Gaussian beam: a novel technique based on wave theory","authors":"Bijaya Saha,&nbsp;Nabamita Goswami,&nbsp;Ardhendu Saha","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08418-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08418-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A novel analytical technique for the level detection of cryogenic liquids like liquid nitrogen using wave theory and employing a Gaussian beam, a zeroth-order Bessel-Gauss (BG) beam, and a radially polarized Bessel-Gauss (RPBG) beam is presented here. At first, this wave theory-based analytical model is shined by the Gaussian (G) beam, and the observations are validated with the already reported experimental data. The obtained results are in good concurrence with the experimental findings presented by J. E. Antonio-Lopez et al. in the year 2011. With this validation of the proposed theory, this idea next extended to the utilization of Gaussian, BG, and RPBG beams as input sources for the proposed structure. The performance of this sensor with the change in refractive index according to the cryogenic temperature and the level of liquid nitrogen is investigated using the propagation of these beams inside the sensor structure. A comparative assessment has also been presented utilizing the Gaussian and non-Gaussian beams. By irradiating the RPBG beam, the discerned sensitivity is 4.517 dB/°K, 18458.8 dB/RIU, 9.759 dB/cm, and 0.176 dB/nm, with a resolution of 5.5 × 10⁻⁷ RIU. This is 3.8 times more sensitive than the published ray theory-based publications till date that are based on the Gaussian beam. Due to its better sensing performances, with the ease of fabrication processes, the proposed sensing technology opens new avenues to develop high-performance fiber optic-level sensors with the scope of multiple input sources for physical, biological, and chemical sensing in cryogenic environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, fabrication, and characterization of dual-wavelength inhibited-coupling guiding hollow-core fibers","authors":"Bowen Chen,&nbsp;Tim Kühlthau,&nbsp;Götz Kleem,&nbsp;Thomas Graf,&nbsp;Marwan Abdou Ahmed","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08420-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08420-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present paper reports on the design, fabrication, and characterization of an 8-tube inhibited-coupling guiding hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (IC-HCPCF) capable of guiding both the beam emitted from an Yb:YAG laser at the fundamental wavelength of <span>(lambda =1030 text{nm})</span> and its second harmonic at <span>(lambda =515 text{nm})</span>. By controlling the strut thickness of the glass capillaries to approximately <span>(362 text{nm})</span>, the transmission of laser radiation at both wavelengths was possible with low losses. Optimizing the outer diameter of the glass capillaries mitigates the bending-induced increase of the confinement loss at the wavelength of <span>(515 text{nm})</span> without compromising the optical performance of the fiber at the wavelength of <span>(1030 text{nm})</span>. Experimental results confirm the near to diffraction-limited beam quality <span>(left({M}^{2}&lt;1.15right))</span> of the laser beams exiting the fiber at both operational wavelengths. Operating in the first transmission band at the wavelength of <span>(1030 text{nm})</span>, the calculated chromatic dispersion is <span>(1.02 text{ps}/(text{nm}bullet text{km}))</span>, despite a diameter of the hollow core of <span>(40 mu text{m})</span>. At the wavelength of <span>(515 text{nm})</span> this value amounts to <span>(0.62 text{ps}/(text{nm}bullet text{km}))</span>. The measured losses are <span>(27.5pm 0.3 text{dB}/text{km})</span> at the wavelength of <span>(515text{ nm})</span> and <span>(25.7pm 0.7 text{dB}/text{km})</span> at the wavelength of <span>(1030text{ nm})</span>, which is comparable to the loss of state-of-the-art IC-HCPCFs with tubular cladding structures. The measured bending-induced increase of the confinement losses confirms the potential of the proposed approach for flexible, low-loss guiding of ultrashort laser pulses at the two wavelengths using a single fiber. This gained flexibility can significantly enhance the options for wavelength selection in laser material processing applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00340-025-08420-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143496752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and numerical study of direct sub-20fs multi-pass-cell post-compression of up to 4mJ, 80W Yb-based lasers","authors":"Jean-François Hergott,&nbsp;Fabrice Réau,&nbsp;Olivier Tcherbakoff,&nbsp;Fabien Lepetit,&nbsp;Nicolas Lericheux,&nbsp;Matthieu Guer,&nbsp;Hugo Marroux,&nbsp;Romain Géneaux,&nbsp;Akansha Tyagi,&nbsp;Romain Cazali,&nbsp;Pierre Nonnon,&nbsp;David Bresteau,&nbsp;Thierry Ruchon,&nbsp;Pascal Salières,&nbsp;Thierry Auguste","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08415-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08415-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, various methods for laser pulse post-compression have demonstrated their effectiveness. Nonlinear spectral broadening, achieved by coupling an ultrafast pulse into a gas-filled multi-pass cell (MPC), typically enables pulse compression factors exceeding 20, depending on the initial pulse duration. In this work, we report the direct post-compression of four Yb-based commercial laser systems to sub-20 fs durations, with energies up to 4 mJ and initial pulse durations ranging from 320 fs to 450 fs, using argon-filled MPCs. Each MPC was specifically designed to operate at a fixed optimal point for each laser, achieving the shortest possible pulse duration. Numerical simulations reproducing the experimental data highlight the critical influence of the driver pulse’s temporal profile on the shape of the broadened spectra. These simulations are compared with the experimental results, demonstrating strong agreement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00340-025-08415-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143475290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a single-resonant optical parametric oscillator with tunable output from 218 nm to 322 nm","authors":"Hengzhe Yu,&nbsp;Yu Yu,&nbsp;Kai Li,&nbsp;Junguang Wang,&nbsp;Shanshan Dong,&nbsp;Chenjie Zhao,&nbsp;Jian Yin,&nbsp;Jie Zhao,&nbsp;Chen Cao,&nbsp;Jianfeng Yue,&nbsp;Mengyu Jia,&nbsp;Jia Shi,&nbsp;Zongxing Zhang,&nbsp;Yingyi Li,&nbsp;Weihua Li,&nbsp;Yunfei Li,&nbsp;Yulei Wang,&nbsp;Zhiwei Lu","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08389-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08389-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A single-resonant type-I β-Ba₂BO₄ (BBO) optical parametric oscillator (OPO) with a widely tunable output and a repetition rate of 100 Hz in the ultraviolet region has been reported. The system incorporates crystal switch technology, enabling continuous tunability in the ultraviolet spectral range from 218.7 nm to 322.5 nm, with a tuning range of 103.8 nm. The OPO component further enhances the system’s versatility, extending the tunable range from 409.9 nm to 709.0 nm, covering a continuous span of 399.1 nm. The OPO achieved a maximum conversion efficiency of 25.78% at 477.0 nm, with an average efficiency of approximately 13% across the 470–710 nm range. Additionally, the highest recorded energy output of the system at 239 nm is 205.1 µJ. Our study includes both theoretical and experimental analyses, with particular focus on the observed fluctuations in conversion efficiency throughout the experimental process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resonant grating for wavelength and polarization selection in high-power lasers emitting in the 2-µm wavelength region","authors":"Danish Bashir,&nbsp;Georgia Mourkioti,&nbsp;Ayoub Boubekraoui,&nbsp;Sergei Tomilov,&nbsp;Mykyta Redkin,&nbsp;Clara J. Saraceno,&nbsp;Thomas Graf,&nbsp;Jacob I. Mackenzie,&nbsp;Marwan Abdou Ahmed","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08410-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08410-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents the design, fabrication, and implementation of a single-layer resonant-reflection grating-waveguide structure (RR-GWS) optimized for laser operation in the 2 μm wavelength region. The RR-GWS was designed to function effectively across a broad spectral region ranging from 1.9 μm to 2.1 μm. Reflectance measurements confirmed the structure’s wideband performance within this spectral region, with 99% resonant reflectivity. Incorporating the RR-GWS into a Ho: YAG thin-disk laser system, as a cavity folding mirror, it demonstrated very good power-handling capability and efficacy in wavelength and polarization selection. The 2 μm laser system achieved a linearly polarized output power of 36 W, with an optical efficiency of 34.6%. Additionally, the laser demonstrated a spectral bandwidth of &lt; 0.5 nm full width at half maximum, i.e., 12 times narrower than that obtained with an equivalent all-mirror reference cavity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00340-025-08410-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143475291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced light retrieval from a memory based on interfering recoil induced resonances","authors":"J. C. de Aquino Carvalho,&nbsp;R. S. N. Moreira,&nbsp;J. W. R. Tabosa","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08419-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08419-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We report on the observation of efficient light storage based on recoil-induced resonances and the associated generation of forward four-wave mixing signal. We use a strong coupling beam red-detuned from the closed transition <span>(6S_{1/2}, F=4rightarrow 6P_{3/2}, F^{prime }=5)</span> of cold cesium atom and a two-mode probe beam, whose frequency can be scanned around the coupling beam frequency. First, we demonstrate the coherent phase transfer from one mode component of the probe beam to the corresponding forward generated four-wave mixing beam. We then explore the coherent nature of the stored optical information to retrieve the two-mode probe energy with an efficiency 3.5 fold higher as compared with the total retrieved energy efficiency associated with the case where each mode component of the probe acts separately. Finally, we discuss a possible application of our experimental scheme and observed effects to investigate squeezing and quantum photon correlations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pumping beam shaping for optimized performance of Q-Switched Nd:YAG/V:YAG microchip laser emitting at (1.44,upmu)m","authors":"Kryštof Kadlec,&nbsp;Jan Šulc,&nbsp;Michal Němec,&nbsp;Helena Jelínková,&nbsp;Karel Nejezchleb","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08405-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08405-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a longitudinally diode-pumped Q-switched Nd:YAG/V:YAG microchip laser emitting at <span>(1.44,upmu)</span>m and the optimization of its output parameters in terms of pulse energy and peak power maximization. Optimization was achieved by modifying the size of the pumping beam with four compact focusing systems, each consisting of an aspheric collimator and one of four aspheric focusing lenses. The laser’s emission spectrum, average power, pulse duration, and spatial beam profile were measured for pumping repetition frequencies ranging from 10 to 715 Hz. Using different focusing systems, it was possible to increase the maximum pulse energy and peak power up to <span>(91,upmu)</span>J and 14.8 kW, respectively. Thermal effects due to pumping influenced both the laser operation and the parameters of the V:YAG saturable absorber, leading to a decrease in pulse duration from 9.6 to 4.9 ns.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00340-025-08405-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}