Journal of Trauma & Dissociation最新文献

{"title":"A Systematic Review and Narrative Analysis of the Evidence for Individual Psychodynamically Informed Psychotherapy in the Treatment of Dissociative Identity Disorder in Adults.","authors":"Steven Yeates, Anthony Korner, Loyola McLean","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2293802","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2293802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is a highly disabling diagnosis, characterized by the presence of two or more personality states which impacts global functioning, with a substantial risk of suicide. The International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation (ISSTD) published guidelines for treating DID in 2011 that noted individual Psychodynamically Informed Psychotherapy (PDIP) was a cornerstone of treatment. This paper systematically reviews the evidence base for PDIP in the treatment of adults with DID according to the 2009 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Thirty-five articles were located and reviewed: seven prospective longitudinal publications, 13 case series and 15 case studies. Results suggested that PDIP has been widely deployed in DID to reported good effect with a range of treatment protocols and using multiple theoretical models. Despite the positive findings observed, the evidence base remains at the level of observational-descriptive design. Creative approaches in recent years have been developed, which add empirical weight to the use of PDIP as an effective treatment. The elevation to observational-analytic designs in the Evidence-Based Medicine hierarchy has yet to take place. Bearing in mind the challenges of research in PDIP, suggestions are offered for how the evidence base might develop.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":" ","pages":"248-278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139038098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COULD FAMILY WELL-BEING MODERATE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES AND SOMATOFORM DISSOCIATION? A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION.","authors":"Cherry T Y Cheung, Clement Man-Him Cheng, Vincent Wan Ping Lee, Stanley Kam Ki Lam, Kyle Langjie He, Henry Wai-Hang Ling, Kunhua Lee, Colin A Ross, Hong Wang Fung","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2233095","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2233095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The impacts of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been well documented. One possible consequence of ACEs is dissociation, which is a major feature of post-traumatic psychopathology and is also associated with considerable impairment and health care costs. Although ACEs are known to be associated with both psychoform and somatoform dissociation, much less is known about the mechanisms behind this relationship. Little is known about whether social and interpersonal factors such as family environments would moderate the relationship between ACEs and somatoform dissociation. This paper discusses the importance of having a positive and healthy family environment in trauma recovery. We then report the findings of a preliminary study in which we examined whether the association between ACEs and somatoform dissociation would be moderated by family well-being in a convenience sample of Hong Kong adults (<i>N</i> = 359). The number of ACEs was positively associated with somatoform dissociative symptoms, but this association was moderated by the level of family well-being. The number of ACEs was associated with somatoform dissociation only when the family well-being scores were low. These moderating effects were medium. The findings point to the potential importance of using family education and intervention programs to prevent and treat trauma-related dissociative symptoms, but further investigation is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":" ","pages":"153-167"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10123071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Betrayal-Based Moral Injury and Mental Health Problems Among Healthcare and Hospital Workers Serving COVID-19 Patients.","authors":"Soim Park, Johannes Thrul, Erin E Cooney, Kaitlyn Atkins, Luther G Kalb, Svea Closser, Kathryn M McDonald, Sarah Schneider-Firestone, Pamela J Surkan, Cynda H Rushton, Jennifer Langhinrichsen-Rohling, Tener G Veenema","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2289195","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2289195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One factor potentially driving healthcare and hospital worker (HHW)'s declining mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic is feeling betrayed by institutional leaders, coworkers, and/or others' pandemic-related responses and behaviors. We investigated whether HHWs' betrayal-based moral injury was associated with greater mental distress and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms related to COVID-19. We also examined if these associations varied between clinical and non-clinical staff. From July 2020 to January 2021, cross-sectional online survey data were collected from 1,066 HHWs serving COVID-19 patients in a large urban US healthcare system. We measured betrayal-based moral injury in three groups: institutional leaders, coworkers/colleagues, and people outside of healthcare. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate whether betrayal-based moral injury was associated with mental distress and PTSD symptoms. Approximately one-third of HHWs reported feeling betrayed by institutional leaders, and/or people outside healthcare. Clinical staff were more likely to report feelings of betrayal than non-clinical staff. For all respondents, 49.5% reported mental distress and 38.2% reported PTSD symptoms. Having any feelings of betrayal increased the odds of mental distress and PTSD symptoms by 2.9 and 3.3 times, respectively. These associations were not significantly different between clinical and non-clinical staff. As health systems seek to enhance support of HHWs, they need to carefully examine institutional structures, accountability, communication, and decision-making patterns that can result in staff feelings of betrayal. Building trust and repairing ruptures with HHWs could prevent potential mental health problems, increase retention, and reduce burnout, while likely improving patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":" ","pages":"202-217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11299760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex Trauma and Dissociation: Charting a Course Forward for the <i>Journal</i> and the Field.","authors":"Julian D Ford","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2024.2307079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2024.2307079","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"25 2","pages":"145-152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139933487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Psychotic and Dissociative Symptoms: Further Investigation Using Network Analysis.","authors":"Hong Wang Fung, Ming Yu Claudia Wong, Andrew Moskowitz, Wai Tong Chien, Suet Lin Hung, Stanley Kam Ki Lam","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2293776","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2293776","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The association and overlap between psychotic and dissociative phenomena have been increasingly recognized. Previous studies found that psychotic symptoms are closely associated with post-traumatic and dissociative symptoms and that these trauma-related phenomena may mediate the relationship between trauma and psychotic symptoms. It remained less explored which specific post-traumatic and dissociative symptom clusters are particularly associated with psychotic symptoms. This cross-sectional study used a data-driven approach (network analysis) to explore the associations among different psychotic and post-traumatic/dissociative symptom clusters in an online convenience predominantly female sample (<i>N</i> = 468)(59.2% had ever seen a psychiatrist). Participants completed well-established multidimensional measures that assessed different symptom clusters of psychosis, dissociation, and PTSD. In addition, multiple mediation analysis was conducted to examine which post-traumatic/dissociative symptoms could mediate the relationship between childhood and adulthood trauma and different psychotic symptoms. Our results confirmed previous findings that PTSD and dissociative symptoms are closely associated with psychotic symptoms. More importantly, both data-driven and multiple mediation analysis results indicated that identity dissociation was particularly associated with perceptual anomalies and bizarre experiences, while emotional constriction was particularly associated with negative symptoms. It is important to screen for trauma and dissociation and provide trauma-and dissociation-informed care when working with people at risk of or experiencing psychosis. Further longitudinal studies using more representative samples are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":" ","pages":"279-296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138832304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact On Eye Movement And Desensitization Reprocessing Of Incomplete Memory In A Drug-Facilitated Rape: A Single Case Study.","authors":"Susannah Colbert","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2289193","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2289193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a drug-facilitated sexual assault (DFSA), the person's level of intoxication may result in incomplete memory. This paper describes eye movement and desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) with client-centered adaptations to address an incomplete trauma memory in a 26-year-old woman. The client was experiencing PTSD, characterized by nightmares and derealization. Therapy followed standard EMDR procedures with three minor modifications to help the client maintain current awareness. Although the memory remained incomplete, the client-centered adaptations promoted working through of the clients' trauma responses (e.g. disorientation, physical sensations) and a sense of competence and self-confidence were restored. At the end of reprocessing, and at follow-up, the client was no longer experiencing nightmares or derealization and her wellbeing had improved.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":" ","pages":"218-231"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE IMPACT OF ETHNIC DISCRIMINATION AND INSTITUTIONAL BETRAYAL ON CANADIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' MENTAL HEALTH.","authors":"Andreea Tamaian, Hannah Anstey, Seint Kokokyi, Bridget Klest","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2233506","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2233506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aims of this study were to understand associations among mental health symptoms, ethnic discrimination, and institutional betrayal, and explore the potential role of protective factors (e.g. ethnic identity and racial regard) in attenuating the detrimental effects of discrimination and betrayal. A total of 89 racialized Canadian university students were recruited for this study. Self-report measures investigated demographics, mental health symptoms, experiences of discrimination and institutional betrayal, racial regard, and ethnic identity. Experiencing ethnic discrimination was associated with increased symptoms of depression and PTSD, even when controlling for the buffering effects of protective factors. Marginally significant results suggested that institutional betrayal might play a role in this relationship. Experiencing ethnic discrimination is linked to significant posttraumatic consequences. Unhelpful institutional responses may further aggravate symptoms. Universities have a duty to protect victims, and prevent ethnic discrimination.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":" ","pages":"185-201"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9764406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"It Made Me Feel Like Someone Wasn't Doing Their Job:\" Sexual Assault Kit (SAK) Victim Notifications and Institutional Betrayal by the Criminal Legal System.","authors":"Rebecca Campbell, Jasmine Engleton, Katie Gregory, Rachael Goodman-Williams, McKenzie Javorka","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2231914","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2231914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the United States, sexual assault survivors are advised to have a medical forensic exam and the collection of a sexual assault kit (SAK) to preserve biological evidence (e.g. semen, blood, saliva, hair) if they are considering reporting the assault to the police. Law enforcement personnel are supposed to submit the SAK (also known as a \"rape kit\") to a crime laboratory for forensic DNA testing, which can help identify or confirm the identity of the offender. However, police do not routinely submit SAKs for testing, and large stockpiles of untested kits have been found in police storage throughout the United States. Public outrage has prompted many cities to submit these older rape kits for DNA analysis, and this testing has identified thousands of suspected perpetrators. Police and prosecutors are re-opening these older sexual assault cases, which requires reestablishing contact with survivors who made the initial report years ago - a process referred to as \"victim notification.\" In this study, we conducted qualitative interviews with survivors who received a SAK victim notification and participated in the re-investigation and prosecution of their cases. We explored how survivors reacted to this de facto admission of an institutional betrayal and the emotions they felt during and after the notification. Participants experienced considerable emotional distress (e.g. PTSD, anxiety, fear), anger and betrayal, and hope after they were recontacted by the police. Implications for making victim notifications more trauma informed are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":" ","pages":"99-112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10124232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Treatment of Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Sici Wang, Sisi Zheng, Xiatian Zhang, Rui Ma, Sitong Feng, Mingkang Song, Hong Zhu, Hongxiao Jia","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2231920","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2231920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Depersonalization-derealization disorder (DPD) is characterized by persistent or recurrent experiences of detachment from oneself and surroundings, as well as a sense of unreality. Considering the inadequacy of current research on treatment, we performed a systematic review of the available pharmacotherapies, neuromodulations, and psychotherapies for DPD. The systematic review protocol was based on PRISMA 2020 guidelines and pre-registered. The PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases were searched from inception to June 2021. All treatments for DPD and all study types, including controlled and observational studies as well as case reports, were assessed. Of the identified 17,540 studies, 41 studies (four randomized controlled trials, one non-randomized controlled trial, 10 case series, and 26 case reports) involving 300 participants met the eligibility criteria. We identified 30 methods that have been applied independently or in combination to treat DPD since 1955. The quality of these studies was considered. The relationship between individual differences, such as symptoms, comorbidities, history, and duration since onset, and treatment effects was explored. The results suggest that a series of treatments, such as pharmacotherapies, neuromodulation, and psychotherapies, could be considered in combination. However, the quality and quantity of studies were generally low considering the high prevalence of DPD. The review concludes with suggestions for future research and an urgent call for more high-quality research.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":" ","pages":"6-29"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9766853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Dissociation a Fundamental Component of ICD-11 Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder?","authors":"Philip Hyland, Ruby Hamer, Robert Fox, Frédérique Vallières, Thanos Karatzias, Mark Shevlin, Marylene Cloitre","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2231928","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2231928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>ICD-11</i> Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) is a disorder of six symptom clusters including reexperiencing, avoidance, sense of threat, affective dysregulation, negative self-concept, and disturbed relationships. Unlike earlier descriptions of complex PTSD, <i>ICD-11</i> CPTSD does not list dissociation as a unique symptom cluster. We tested whether the <i>ICD-11</i> CPTSD symptoms can exist independently of dissociation in a nationally representative sample of adults (<i>N</i> = 1,020) who completed self-report measures. Latent class analysis was used to identify unique subsets of people with distinctive symptom profiles. The best fitting model contained four classes including a \"low symptoms\" class (48.9%), a \"PTSD\" class (14.7%), a \"CPTSD\" class (26.5%), and a \"CPTSD + Dissociation\" class (10.0%). These classes were related to specific adverse childhood experiences, notably experiences of emotional and physical neglect. The \"PTSD,\" \"CPTSD,\" and \"CPTSD + Dissociation\" classes were associated with a host of poor health outcomes, however, the \"CPTSD + Dissociation\" class had the poorest mental health and highest levels of functional impairment. Findings suggest that <i>ICD-11</i> CPTSD symptoms can occur without corresponding dissociative experiences, however, when CPTSD symptoms and dissociative experiences occur together, health outcomes appear to be more severe.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":" ","pages":"45-61"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10124231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}