Guivis Zeufack Nkemgha, Le Roi Nso Fils, Ulrich Kevin Kamwa
{"title":"Revisiting the Nexus Between Trade Liberalisation and Income Inequality: The Case of Sub-Saharan African Countries","authors":"Guivis Zeufack Nkemgha, Le Roi Nso Fils, Ulrich Kevin Kamwa","doi":"10.1002/ijfe.70164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.70164","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper examines the impact of trade liberalisation on income inequality across 24 Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries from 2000 to 2020. Using IV-Tobit and 2SLS models, we consistently find that greater trade openness significantly exacerbates inequality in the region. Critically, we document an inverted U-shaped relationship between trade and inequality—similar to the Laffer Curve—but this mitigating effect is only observed in high-income, less corrupt, and democratic SSA countries. In addition, trade openness demonstrates a dual, contradictory effect on inequality: the disruptive impact on employment significantly outweighs the mitigating effect of the education channel. This disparity underscores that without robust labour market and social protection policies, the negative employment consequences of trade liberalisation will dominate the potential equalising gains from human capital development.</p>","PeriodicalId":47461,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Finance & Economics","volume":"31 4","pages":"4741-4756"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ijfe.70164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danyang Li, Yating Li, Charalampos Stasinakis, Yang Zhao
{"title":"Diversifying Environmental, Social and Governance Portfolios: Evidence From China","authors":"Danyang Li, Yating Li, Charalampos Stasinakis, Yang Zhao","doi":"10.1002/ijfe.70143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.70143","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study extends traditional portfolio optimization methods by incorporating Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) performance measures into diversification strategies, specifically focusing on data from the Chinese stock market. By integrating ESG scores and their constituent components (E, S and G), the study examines portfolio performance under various diversification techniques, including mean-conditional Value at Risk (CVaR), mean-lower partial moment (downside risk) and mean-upper partial moment (upside risk) strategies, as well as hybrid approaches that employ the Herfindahl–Hirschman (HH) index and the most diversified portfolio (MDP) approach. The findings indicate that, in general, portfolios with higher ESG constraints—especially during periods of market turmoil such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia–Ukraine conflict—tend to achieve superior average performance relative to benchmark portfolios. This suggests that equities with stronger ESG performance demonstrate greater resilience during extreme market events. Among the strategies analysed, the mean-lower partial moment approach consistently outperformed others, highlighting the importance of managing downside risk when integrating ESG metrics into portfolio construction. Additionally, portfolios prioritising the social (S) component performed worse compared to those focusing on environmental (E) or governance (G) factors during examined periods. These results highlight the critical role of ESG integration in enhancing portfolio resilience and align with global sustainability trends.</p>","PeriodicalId":47461,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Finance & Economics","volume":"31 4","pages":"4433-4462"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ijfe.70143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Brexit and Its Impact on EU Financial Markets","authors":"Marwan Izzeldin, Gulnur Muradoglu, Vasileios Pappas, Sheeja Sivaprasad","doi":"10.1002/ijfe.70149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.70149","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We investigate the impact of Brexit on volatility spillovers across the EU countries. We introduce a Brexit intensity measure that assigns an intensity score reflective of the financial markets' reaction to the events that occurred as Brexit negotiations began to unfold. We find that Brexit-related events have contributed towards increased volatility transmission within the EU. Country-wise investigations show that throughout the Brexit timespan, France is the key volatility transmitter within the Union. By contrast, the UK is evidenced as a volatility transmitter during the early stages of Brexit negotiations, under Theresa May as the prime minister. Out of the smallest stock markets of the block, Ireland, Portugal and Spain have been among those particularly affected.</p>","PeriodicalId":47461,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Finance & Economics","volume":"31 4","pages":"4510-4535"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ijfe.70149","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Paula Matias Gama, Ricardo Emanuel-Correia, Fábio Duarte, Mário Augusto
{"title":"How Does Vulnerability Framing by Microfinance Institutions Leverage Funding Success in Crowdfunding?","authors":"Ana Paula Matias Gama, Ricardo Emanuel-Correia, Fábio Duarte, Mário Augusto","doi":"10.1002/ijfe.70167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.70167","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study draws on framing theory to investigate how microfinance institutions (MFIs) strategically construct a vulnerability-oriented organisational identity and how this framing influences their funding decisions during the pre-campaign phase of prosocial crowdfunding. Using a unique dataset of 334,852 microloans issued by 140 MFIs across 59 countries on the Kiva platform, we distinguish between MFIs exclusively listed on Kiva and those also featured on Mix Market. Our findings reveal a pronounced funding bias among MFIs that do not emphasise vulnerability in their framing. In contrast, MFIs that adopt a prognostic vulnerability frame tend to reverse this bias—particularly those solely reliant on Kiva. While both types of MFIs demonstrate some capacity to mitigate funding inequality, the effect is significantly more pronounced among those exclusively listed on Kiva. Our results also point to a potential mission drift, possibly incentivised by Kiva's vulnerability badge system, which may reward financial stability over genuine outreach to vulnerable borrowers. Overall, the findings underscore the central role of institutional framing in shaping MFIs' funding strategies and access to capital for marginalised entrepreneurs in the pre-campaign phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":47461,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Finance & Economics","volume":"31 4","pages":"4816-4840"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ijfe.70167","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence and New Quality Productive Forces","authors":"Haowen Tian, Hui Huang, Wei Guan, Donghao Zhu","doi":"10.1002/ijfe.70152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.70152","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper empirically examines the effect of artificial intelligence (AI) on the new quality productive forces (NQPF) of Chinese listed companies from 2010 to 2024. The results show that AI is associated with a statistically significant improvement in firms' NQPF. Mechanism analysis indicates that this effect is contingent on the alleviation of financing constraints and the enhancement of green innovation capacity. Heterogeneity analysis further suggests that the association between AI and NQPF is stronger among state-owned firms, high-tech firms and firms with lower pollution intensity. Overall, this study contributes to the literature on firm efficiency and NQPF and provides evidence that supports firms' efforts to advance and apply AI technologies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47461,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Finance & Economics","volume":"31 4","pages":"4575-4587"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Power of Cognition: Has Executive Environmental Cognition Promoted Corporate Environmental Information Disclosure?","authors":"Meng Sun, Jianxin Lin","doi":"10.1002/ijfe.70151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.70151","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most existing studies focus on government regulation when analysing corporate environmental information disclosure (EID), paying little attention to micro-level drivers such as executive cognition. We use data from A-share listed companies in China and apply a two-way fixed effects model with an instrumental variable approach (2SLS) to test how executive environmental cognition (EEC) affects EID quality. We find that EEC improves disclosure quality, mainly because it encourages firms to engage in practical green innovation. However, when the public or the government shows strong environmental concern, the influence of EEC is weakened. The effect is also stronger in non-state-owned firms, companies whose leaders have no environmental background, and those in less polluting industries. Additionally, aligning EEC with corporate disclosure boosts firms' ESG performance. We contribute to the literature by highlighting the role of EEC as a supplement to formal regulation, showing how public and government attention can substitute for executive cognition, and explaining how such cognition can promote ESG performance through disclosure.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47461,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Finance & Economics","volume":"31 4","pages":"4558-4574"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transforming Cities With Digital Governance: Insights and Innovations From China's Urban Landscape","authors":"Xinyi Du, Xian Zheng, Kangqi Jiang","doi":"10.1002/ijfe.70150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.70150","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study develops a novel city-level metric for assessing digital government in China by applying an LSTM + RobotaBERT text classification model to local government procurement contracts. We investigate the impact of digital government on urban innovation, validating our metric against official digital development indices. Our analysis reveals a significant positive effect of digital government on the quantity of urban innovation, a finding that is robust to a comprehensive set of endogeneity checks. We then unpack the mechanisms, showing that this effect operates through two complementary channels: the direct reduction of firm-level transaction costs and the broader improvement of the business environment. Crucially, our research demonstrates that the benefits of digital government are not unconditional; its positive impact on innovation is significantly stronger in cities with key enabling conditions, namely higher levels of human capital, financial development, and external cooperation. Furthermore, we find that digital government's influence extends beyond mere quantity to significantly enhance innovation quality, fostering more high-cited, high-knowledge-width, and core technology patents. This work advances the understanding of digital government's role from a simple tool for efficiency to a powerful, context-dependent catalyst for high-quality urban innovation, providing nuanced insights for future policy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47461,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Finance & Economics","volume":"31 4","pages":"4536-4557"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Credit-Driven Business Cycles in South Korea: How Important Is the Credit Supply Channel?","authors":"Nam Gang Lee, Seungho Nah","doi":"10.1002/ijfe.70144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.70144","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using quarterly South Korean data spanning from 2000 to 2020, we empirically show an intertemporal trade-off between household debt and economic growth. Beneath this result lies the dynamic interplay between banks, driven by their incentive to expand loan supply—particularly, in the housing mortgage sector—and policy authorities, who implement macroprudential regulations in response to a rapid increase in household debt. This channel—the so-called ‘credit supply channel’—is key in explaining predictable fluctuations in credit supply and changes in the household debt ratio. Employing a three-step regression specification, we document that the credit supply channel accounts for 72% of the growth rate sensitivity over the next 2 years to the household debt ratio.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47461,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Finance & Economics","volume":"31 4","pages":"4463-4478"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corporate Social Responsibility, Resource Curse and Crash Risk: New Evidence From International Stock Markets","authors":"Shi Teng, Yu-En Lin, Siyang Wang","doi":"10.1002/ijfe.70163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.70163","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and stock price crash risk in the context of the resource curse. We find that CSR mitigates stock price crash risk. Based on institutional theory, stakeholder theory and agency theory, using a large firm-level panel dataset spanning 52 countries, we find that CSR generally mitigates stock price crash risk. What's more, resource dependence negatively moderates this relationship, weakening CSR's risk-mitigating effect. Further analysis of resource-dependent developing countries reveals that CSR is associated with higher crash risk in environments characterised by poor institutional quality and high corruption. Our results highlight the critical role of institutional quality and corruption control in enabling CSR to fulfil its risk-reducing potential in resource-dependent economies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47461,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Finance & Economics","volume":"31 4","pages":"4723-4740"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Abubakkar Siddique, Fangjun Wang, Alaa Mansour Zalata, Daniel Gyimah, Muhammad Usman
{"title":"Returnee Directors and Related Party Transactions","authors":"Muhammad Abubakkar Siddique, Fangjun Wang, Alaa Mansour Zalata, Daniel Gyimah, Muhammad Usman","doi":"10.1002/ijfe.70158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.70158","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we investigate whether returnee directors (Chinese nationals with foreign experience serving as directors) mitigate opportunistic related party transactions (RPTs), a relatively under-investigated area of research. Using a large dataset of Chinese listed firms, we find that firms with returnee directors are significantly less likely to engage in RPTs (especially abnormal RPTs); this is because returnee directors' international experience and relative independence enable them to serve as effective monitors. This effect is more pronounced in non-state-owned firms and those with weak internal governance. Notably, we find that RPTs in firms with returnee directors are associated with improved firm performance. This suggests that returnee directors, while curbing opportunistic RPTs, may facilitate efficient RPTs that enhance firm value. Furthermore, our analysis reveals that independent returnee directors exert a more significant influence in constraining RPTs compared to executive returnee directors. Our findings remain consistent after a battery of robustness tests.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47461,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Finance & Economics","volume":"31 4","pages":"4625-4650"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}