Medicine Health Care and Philosophy最新文献_第8页

Correction: Abortion, euthanasia, and the limits of principlism. 更正:堕胎、安乐死和原则主义的极限。

IF 2.1 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-023-10178-4

Brieann Rigby, Xavier Symons

引用次数: 0

Body objectified? Phenomenological perspective on patient objectification in teleconsultation. 身体客观化?远程会诊中患者客观化的现象学视角。

IF 2.1 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-023-10148-w

Māra Grīnfelde

{"title":"Body objectified? Phenomenological perspective on patient objectification in teleconsultation.","authors":"Māra Grīnfelde","doi":"10.1007/s11019-023-10148-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11019-023-10148-w","url":null,"abstract":"The global crisis of COVID-19 pandemic has considerably accelerated the use of teleconsultation (consultation between the patient and the doctor via video platforms). While it has some obvious benefits and drawbacks for both the patient and the doctor, it is important to consider-how teleconsultation impacts the quality of the patient-doctor relationship? I will approach this question through the lens of phenomenology of the body, focusing on the question-what happens to the patient objectification in teleconsultation? To answer this question I will adopt a phenomenological approach combining both insights drawn from the phenomenological tradition, i.e., the concepts of the lived body and the object body, and the results from the phenomenologically informed qualitative research study on the patient experience of teleconsultation. The theoretical background against which I have developed this study comprises discussions within the field of phenomenology of medicine regarding the different sources of patient objectification within clinical encounter and the arguments concerning the negative impact that objectification has on the quality of care. I will argue that a factor that has frequently been identified within phenomenology of medicine as the main source of patient objectification in clinical encounters, namely, the internalized gaze of the clinician, is diminished during teleconsultation, increasing patient's sense of agency, decreasing her sense of alienation and opening up the possibility for a closer relationship between the patient and the health care provider, all of which lead to the transformation of the hierarchical patient-health care professional relationship.","PeriodicalId":47449,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Health Care and Philosophy","volume":"26 3","pages":"335-349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10085784/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10077741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The biopsychosocial model: Its use and abuse. 生物心理社会模式：其使用和滥用。

IF 2.3 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-17 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-023-10150-2

Alex Roberts

{"title":"The biopsychosocial model: Its use and abuse.","authors":"Alex Roberts","doi":"10.1007/s11019-023-10150-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11019-023-10150-2","url":null,"abstract":"The biopsychosocial model (BPSM) is increasingly influential in medical research and practice. Several philosophers and scholars of health have criticized the BPSM for lacking meaningful scientific content. This article extends those critiques by showing how the BPSM's epistemic weaknesses have led to certain problems in medical discourse. Despite its lack of content, many researchers have mistaken the BPSM for a scientific model with explanatory power. This misapprehension has placed researchers in an implicit bind. There is an expectation that applications of the BPSM will deliver insights about disease; yet the model offers no tools for producing valid (or probabilistically true) knowledge claims. I argue that many researchers have, unwittingly, responded to this predicament by developing certain patterns of specious argumentation I call \"wayward BPSM discourse.\" The arguments of wayward discourse share a common form: They appear to deliver insights about disease gleaned through applications of the BPSM; on closer inspection, however, we find that the putative conclusions presented are actually assertions resting on question-begging arguments, appeals to authority, and conceptual errors. Through several case studies of BPSM articles and literatures, this article describes wayward discourse and its effects. Wayward discourse has introduced into medicine forms of conceptual instability that threaten to undermine various lines of research. It has also created a potentially potent vector of medicalization. Fixing these problems will likely require reimposing conceptual rigor on BPSM discourse.","PeriodicalId":47449,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Health Care and Philosophy","volume":"26 3","pages":"367-384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10107555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10080789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ontological insecurity in the post-covid-19 fallout: using existentialism as a method to develop a psychosocial understanding to a mental health crisis. 2019冠状病毒病后的本体不安全感:利用存在主义作为一种方法，发展对精神健康危机的社会心理理解。

IF 2.1 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-023-10157-9

Matthew Bretton Oakes

{"title":"Ontological insecurity in the post-covid-19 fallout: using existentialism as a method to develop a psychosocial understanding to a mental health crisis.","authors":"Matthew Bretton Oakes","doi":"10.1007/s11019-023-10157-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11019-023-10157-9","url":null,"abstract":"In the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic we are witnessing a significant rise in mental illness diagnosis and corresponding anti-depressant prescription uptake. The drug response to this situation is unsurprising and reinforces the dominant role (neuro)biology continues to undertake within modern psychiatry. In contrast to this biologically informed, medicalised approach, the World Health Organisation (WHO) issued a statement stressing the causal role of psychological and social factors.Using the concept of ontological insecurity, contextualised within the WHO guidance, the interrelation of psychological and social factors is illuminated, and a psychosocial framework is produced as a means of understanding the mental health consequence of the post-Covid-19 fallout.The psychosocial framework generated provides a rationale to revise and reprioritise how we engage with the biopsychosocial model that is intended to underpin modern psychiatry. This framework establishes a connection between psychological and social theory which are too often addressed as disparate terrains within mental health services and policy creation.","PeriodicalId":47449,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Health Care and Philosophy","volume":"26 3","pages":"425-432"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10425504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10133779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Relating to foetal persons: why women's Voices come first and last, but not alone in Abortion debates. 与胎儿有关：为什么在堕胎辩论中，妇女的声音既是第一位的，也是最后一位的，而不是唯一的。

IF 2.3 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-12 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-023-10144-0

Stephen Milford

{"title":"Relating to foetal persons: why women's Voices come first and last, but not alone in Abortion debates.","authors":"Stephen Milford","doi":"10.1007/s11019-023-10144-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11019-023-10144-0","url":null,"abstract":"Abortion remains a controversial topic, with pro-life and pro-choice advocates clashing fiercely. However, public polling demonstrates that the vast majority of the Western public holds a middle position: being in favour of abortion but not in all circumstances nor at any time. The intuitions held by the majority seem to imply a contradiction: two early foetuses at the same point in development have different moral statuses. Providing coherent philosophical grounding for this intuition has proved challenging. Solutions given by philosophers such as Feinberg, Harman and Räsänen are complex and do not fully account for the lived experience of pregnancy loss. This article argues for a relational ontological construction of human personhood as the basis of foetal personhood. This approach takes seriously the literature of pregnancy loss and the lived experiences of pregnant persons. Focusing on the manner in which persons relate to early foetuses (especially pregnant persons), provides a coherent ground for distinct foetal value. Importantly, this approach is both simple and intuitive. Therefore, it can be more easily adopted by middle. To counter an implied equality of human relationality, the article argues for a clear hierarchy based on relational proximity that affirms pregnant persons? primary role in deciding the moral significance of foetal termination.","PeriodicalId":47449,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Health Care and Philosophy","volume":"26 3","pages":"293-300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10425503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10453009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Engaging otherness: care ethics radical perspectives on empathy. 参与他人:关怀伦理对移情的激进观点。

IF 2.1 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-023-10152-0

Jolanda van Dijke, Inge van Nistelrooij, Pien Bos, Joachim Duyndam

{"title":"Engaging otherness: care ethics radical perspectives on empathy.","authors":"Jolanda van Dijke, Inge van Nistelrooij, Pien Bos, Joachim Duyndam","doi":"10.1007/s11019-023-10152-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11019-023-10152-0","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout the years, care ethicists have raised concerns that prevalent definitions of empathy fail to adequately address the problem of otherness. They have proposed alternative conceptualizations of empathy that aim to acknowledge individual differences, help to extend care beyond one's inner circle, and develop a critical awareness of biases and prejudices. We explore three such alternatives: Noddings' concept of engrossment, Meyers' account of broad empathy, and Baart's concept of perspective-shifting. Based on these accounts, we explain that care ethics promotes a conceptualization of empathy that is radical in its commitment to engage otherness and that is characterized by being: (1) receptive and open, (2) broad and deep in scope, (3) relational and interactive, (4) mature and multifaceted, (5) critical and reflective, (6) disruptive and transformative. This type of empathy is both demanding and rewarding, as it may inspire health professionals to rethink empathy, its challenges, and its contribution to good care and as it may enrich empathy education and professional empathy practices in health care.","PeriodicalId":47449,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Health Care and Philosophy","volume":"26 3","pages":"385-399"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10425473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10453010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What does it mean to call a medical device invasive? 医疗设备侵入性是什么意思?

IF 2.1 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-023-10147-x

Eran Klein

引用次数: 2

Precision medicine and the problem of structural injustice. 精准医疗与结构性不公正问题。

IF 2.3 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-25 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-023-10158-8

Sara Green, Barbara Prainsack, Maya Sabatello

{"title":"Precision medicine and the problem of structural injustice.","authors":"Sara Green, Barbara Prainsack, Maya Sabatello","doi":"10.1007/s11019-023-10158-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11019-023-10158-8","url":null,"abstract":"Many countries currently invest in technologies and data infrastructures to foster precision medicine (PM), which is hoped to better tailor disease treatment and prevention to individual patients. But who can expect to benefit from PM? The answer depends not only on scientific developments but also on the willingness to address the problem of structural injustice. One important step is to confront the problem of underrepresentation of certain populations in PM cohorts via improved research inclusivity. Yet, we argue that the perspective needs to be broadened because the (in)equitable effects of PM are also strongly contingent on wider structural factors and prioritization of healthcare strategies and resources. When (and before) implementing PM, it is crucial to attend to how the organisation of healthcare systems influences who will benefit, as well as whether PM may present challenges for a solidaristic sharing of costs and risks. We discuss these issues through a comparative lens of healthcare models and PM-initiatives in the United States, Austria, and Denmark. The analysis draws attention to how PM hinges on-and simultaneously affects-access to healthcare services, public trust in data handling, and prioritization of healthcare resources. Finally, we provide suggestions for how to mitigate foreseeable negative effects.","PeriodicalId":47449,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Health Care and Philosophy","volume":"26 3","pages":"433-450"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10212228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10118904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Black-box assisted medical decisions: AI power vs. ethical physician care. 黑箱辅助医疗决策:人工智能与道德医生护理。

IF 2.1 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-023-10153-z

Berman Chan

引用次数: 1

Adaptation and illness severity: the significance of suffering. 适应与疾病严重程度:痛苦的意义。

IF 2.1 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-023-10155-x

Borgar Jølstad

{"title":"Adaptation and illness severity: the significance of suffering.","authors":"Borgar Jølstad","doi":"10.1007/s11019-023-10155-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11019-023-10155-x","url":null,"abstract":"Adaptation to illness, and its relevance for distribution in health care, has been the subject of vigorous debate. In this paper I examine an aspect of this discussion that seems so far to have been overlooked: that some illnesses are difficult, or even impossible, to adapt to. This matters because adaptation reduces suffering. Illness severity is a priority setting criterion in several countries. When considering severity, we are interested in the extent to which an illness makes a person worse-off. I argue that no plausible theory of well-being can disregard suffering when determining to what extent someone is worse-off in terms of health. We should accept, all else equal, that adapting to an illness makes the illness less severe by reducing suffering. Accepting a pluralist theory of well-being allows us to accept my argument, while still making room for the possibility that adaptation is sometimes, all things considered, bad. Finally, I argue that we should conceptualize adaptability as a feature of illness, and thereby account for adaptation on a group level for the purposes of priority setting.","PeriodicalId":47449,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Health Care and Philosophy","volume":"26 3","pages":"413-423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10425500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10132745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0