Medicine Health Care and Philosophy最新文献_第10页

Not in their hands only: hospital hygiene, evidence and collective moral responsibility. 不仅仅掌握在他们手中:医院卫生、证据和集体道德责任。

IF 2.1 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-022-10120-0

Saana Jukola, Mariacarla Gadebusch Bondio

引用次数: 2

Reductionist methodology and the ambiguity of the categories of race and ethnicity in biomedical research: an exploratory study of recent evidence. 生物医学研究中的还原论方法论和种族和民族类别的模糊性:最近证据的探索性研究。

IF 2.1 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-022-10122-y

Joanna K Malinowska, Tomasz Żuradzki

{"title":"Reductionist methodology and the ambiguity of the categories of race and ethnicity in biomedical research: an exploratory study of recent evidence.","authors":"Joanna K Malinowska, Tomasz Żuradzki","doi":"10.1007/s11019-022-10122-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11019-022-10122-y","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we analyse how researchers use the categories of race and ethnicity with reference to genetics and genomics. We show that there is still considerable conceptual \"messiness\" (despite the wide-ranging and popular debate on the subject) when it comes to the use of ethnoracial categories in genetics and genomics that among other things makes it difficult to properly compare and interpret research using ethnoracial categories, as well as draw conclusions from them. Finally, we briefly reconstruct some of the biases of reductionism to which geneticists (as well as other researchers referring to genetic methods and explanations) are particularly exposed to, and we analyse the problem in the context of the biologization of ethnoracial categories. Our work constitutes a novel, in-depth contribution to the debate about reporting race and ethnicity in biomedical and health research. First, we reconstruct the theoretical background assumptions about racial ontology which researchers implicitly presume in their studies with the aid of a sample of recent papers published in medical journals about COVID-19. Secondly, we use the typology of the biases of reductionism to the problem of biologization of ethnoracial categories with reference to genetics and genomics.","PeriodicalId":47449,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Health Care and Philosophy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9646278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10850126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Correction to: On the relation between decision quality and autonomy in times of patient‑centered care: a case study. 修正:以病人为中心的护理中决策质量与自主性的关系:个案研究。

IF 2.1 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-022-10131-x

Jasper Debrabander

引用次数: 0

Love and romantic relationship in the domain of medicine. 医学领域的爱情和浪漫关系。

IF 2.1 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-022-10127-7

Chrysogonus M Okwenna

{"title":"Love and romantic relationship in the domain of medicine.","authors":"Chrysogonus M Okwenna","doi":"10.1007/s11019-022-10127-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11019-022-10127-7","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, I explore the nature of medical interventions like neuromodulation on the complex human experience of love. Love is built upon two fundamental natures, viz: the biological and the psychosocial. As a result of this distinction, scientists, and bioethicists have been exploring the possible ways this complex human experience can be biologically tampered with to produce some supposed higher-order ends like well-being and human flourishing. At the forefront in this quest are Earp, Sandberg and Savulescu whose research works over ten years has focused on the good that could stem from the medicalization of love. I acknowledge the various criticisms that have been made against this stance. However, most of these criticisms have been directed towards the mere side effects and sociocultural disservices that could result from the process of using drugs to influence human romantic relationships and in the end, critiques endorse the medicalization of love on the basis that its benefits outweigh the disadvantages. Consequently, I advance two strands of arguments against \"medically-assisted love,\" the ontological and the socio-ethical arguments. The former presupposes that beyond the possible side effects of medicalizing love there is something inherently mistaken about this effort and there is something intrinsically different about love that distinguishes it from its medically-engineered alternative. In the latter argument, I claim that drug interventions in romantic love contravene the very nature of medicine. Overall, I believe that critiques were still able to endorse medicalizing love despite their objections because they were only looking at one direction, the physical/cultural complications.","PeriodicalId":47449,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Health Care and Philosophy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10840937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lost in translation? Conceptions of privacy and independence in the technical development of AI-based AAL. 迷失在翻译中?基于人工智能的AAL技术开发中的隐私和独立性概念。

IF 2.1 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-022-10126-8

Kris Vera Hartmann, Nadia Primc, Giovanni Rubeis

{"title":"Lost in translation? Conceptions of privacy and independence in the technical development of AI-based AAL.","authors":"Kris Vera Hartmann, Nadia Primc, Giovanni Rubeis","doi":"10.1007/s11019-022-10126-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11019-022-10126-8","url":null,"abstract":"AAL encompasses smart home technologies that are installed in the personal living environment in order to support older, disabled, as well as chronically ill people with the goal of delaying or reducing their need for nursing care in a care facility. Artificial intelligence (AI) is seen as an important tool for assisting the target group in their daily lives. A literature search and qualitative content analysis of 255 articles from computer science and engineering was conducted to explore the usage of ethical concepts. From an ethical point of view, the concept of independence and self-determination on the one hand and the possible loss of privacy on the other hand are widely discussed in the context of AAL. These concepts are adopted by the technical discourse in the sense that independence, self-determination and privacy are recognized as important values. Nevertheless, our research shows that these concepts have different usages and meanings in the ethical and the technical discourses. In the paper, we aim to map the different meanings of independence, self-determination and privacy as they can be found in the context of technological research on AI-based AAL systems. It investigates the interpretation of these ethical and social concepts which technicians try to build into AAL systems. In a second step, these interpretations are contextualized with concepts from the ethical discourse on AI-based assistive technologies.","PeriodicalId":47449,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Health Care and Philosophy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9984520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9095799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Letter to the editor: considerations for ethical incentives in research. 给编辑的信:对研究中伦理激励的考虑。

IF 2.1 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-022-10116-w

Karah Y Greene, Brandon Brown

引用次数: 0

The role of knowledge and medical involvement in the context of informed consent: a curse or a blessing? 在知情同意的背景下，知识和医疗参与的作用:是祸还是福?

IF 2.1 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-022-10121-z

Caterina Milo

{"title":"The role of knowledge and medical involvement in the context of informed consent: a curse or a blessing?","authors":"Caterina Milo","doi":"10.1007/s11019-022-10121-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11019-022-10121-z","url":null,"abstract":"Informed consent (IC) is a key patients' right. It gives patients the opportunity to access relevant information/knowledge and to support their decision-making role in partnership with clinicians. Despite this promising account of IC, the relationship between 'knowledge', as derived from IC, and the role of clinicians is often misunderstood. I offer two examples of this: (1) the prenatal testing and screening for disabilities; (2) the consent process in the abortion context. In the first example, IC is often over-medicalized, that is to say the disclosure of information appears to be strongly in the clinicians' hands. In this context, knowledge has often been a curse on prospective parents. Framing information in a doctor-centred and often negative way has hindered upon prospective parents' decision-making role and also portrayed wrong assumptions upon disabled people more widely. In the second context, information is more often than not dismissed and, in a de-medicalized scenario, medical contribution often underplayed. The latter leads to an understanding of the dialogue with clinicians as a mere hinderance to the timely access to an abortion. Ultimately, I claim that it is important that knowledge, as derived from IC, is neither altogether dismissed via a process of de-medicalization, nor used as a curse on patients via a process of over-medicalization. None of the two gives justice to IC. Only when a better balance between medical and patients' contribution is sought, knowledge can aspire to be a blessing (i.e. an opportunity for them), not a curse on patients in the IC context.","PeriodicalId":47449,"journal":{"name":"Medicine Health Care and Philosophy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9628512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10844120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ChatGPT: evolution or revolution? ChatGPT:进化还是革命?

IF 2.1 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-023-10136-0

Bert Gordijn, Henk Ten Have

引用次数: 84

A few remarks on limits of research risks and research payments. 关于研究风险和研究费用限制的几点意见。

IF 2.1 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-022-10125-9

Joanna Różyńska

引用次数: 1

Correction to: The role of knowledge and medical involvement in the context of informed consent: a curse or a blessing? 在知情同意的背景下，知识和医疗参与的作用:是祸还是福?

IF 2.1 2区哲学

Medicine Health Care and Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-022-10130-y

Caterina Milo

引用次数: 0