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Explorations in Economic History最新文献

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Railroads and technology adoption in Meiji Japan 日本明治时期的铁路和技术采用
IF 2.3 1区 历史学
Explorations in Economic History Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101683
Junichi Yamasaki
{"title":"Railroads and technology adoption in Meiji Japan","authors":"Junichi Yamasaki","doi":"10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101683","url":null,"abstract":"Railroad access may accelerate technological progress in the industrial sector through various theoretical channels. By digitizing novel datasets of factories and railroad networks in late 19th- and early 20th-century Japan and using the least-cost path between prioritized destinations as an instrument, I find that the distance from railroads in 1892 accounts for 34 percent of the growth in steam power adopted by factories from 1888 to 1902. I also find evidence supporting several mechanisms behind the reduced-form effect, such as the trade channel. The results suggest that railroad construction played a significant role in the rapid technological catch-up of Meiji Japan.","PeriodicalId":47413,"journal":{"name":"Explorations in Economic History","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144337755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Early-life lead exposure and male longevity: Evidence from historical municipal water systems 早期铅暴露与男性寿命：来自历史城市供水系统的证据
IF 2.6 1区 历史学
Explorations in Economic History Pub Date : 2025-06-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101701
Jason Fletcher , Hamid Noghanibehambari
{"title":"Early-life lead exposure and male longevity: Evidence from historical municipal water systems","authors":"Jason Fletcher ,&nbsp;Hamid Noghanibehambari","doi":"10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Several research strands document the life-cycle impacts of lead exposure during early life. Yet little is known about the long-run effects of lead exposure during early life on old-age mortality outcomes. In this study, we employ Social Security Administration death records linked to the full-count 1940 census and document that birth-city lead status negatively affects later life old age longevity. These impacts are larger for cities with acidic water and older pipeline systems that allow higher lead levels to leach into drinking water. Further, we show that the impacts are almost exclusively concentrated on the lead status of the birth-city and not the city of residence later in life. An instrumental variable strategy suggests reductions in longevity associated with birth-city lead status of about 9.6 months. We also find education, socioeconomic standing, and income reductions during early adulthood as candidate mechanisms. Finally, we use WWII enlistment data and observe reductions in measures of cognitive ability among lead-exposed individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47413,"journal":{"name":"Explorations in Economic History","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 101701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The economic power of elites, human capital, and industrial change in late Imperial Russia 俄罗斯帝国晚期精英、人力资本和工业变革的经济力量
IF 2.6 1区 历史学
Explorations in Economic History Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101697
Viktor Malein
{"title":"The economic power of elites, human capital, and industrial change in late Imperial Russia","authors":"Viktor Malein","doi":"10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper studies the economic impacts of land ownership concentration among the aristocratic elite in the Russian Empire. I document that areas with a higher concentration of noble land ownership were associated with lower levels of primary education during 1880–1911. Exploring the mechanisms, I show that by controlling local governments the landed elites decreased public spending on education, shifting the financial burden to peasant households in the 1880s–1890s. I also demonstrate that the extension of school provision through a government program of schooling subsidies after 1905 led to a relatively large increase in enrollment rates in regions with high noble landownership concentration, suggesting initial underinvestment in education in these areas. Finally, the paper identifies a significant negative influence of landed elites on industrial growth and firm productivity, with up to 56% of this effect attributable to the human capital channel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47413,"journal":{"name":"Explorations in Economic History","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 101697"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144304956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The long campaign: Britain’s fight to end the slave trade 漫长的战役：英国为结束奴隶贸易而战
IF 2.6 1区 历史学
Explorations in Economic History Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101694
Yi Jie Gwee , Hui Ren Tan
{"title":"The long campaign: Britain’s fight to end the slave trade","authors":"Yi Jie Gwee ,&nbsp;Hui Ren Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For much of the 19th century, Britain fought to suppress the trans-Atlantic slave trade, sending ships from the Royal Navy to intercept slavers along the African coast. Digitizing archival data, we show that this suppression campaign started small but grew in strength over time, eventually involving more than 14 percent of the Navy’s fleet. Exploiting the distance between slave voyages and British bases as well as when these bases were established, we find that the campaign raised the likelihood of capture among slavers but did not stop the slave trade as a whole. Instead, changes in the demand for slaves played a bigger role in ending the trade. Finally, we provide suggestive evidence that Britain persisted with its costly naval campaign for ideological reasons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47413,"journal":{"name":"Explorations in Economic History","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 101694"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144308052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
War bonds and household saving in WWII 二战中的战争债券和家庭储蓄
IF 2.6 1区 历史学
Explorations in Economic History Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101692
Gillian Brunet , Eric Hilt , Matthew Jaremski
{"title":"War bonds and household saving in WWII","authors":"Gillian Brunet ,&nbsp;Eric Hilt ,&nbsp;Matthew Jaremski","doi":"10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Household saving increased dramatically during World War II, reaching more than 19 percent of GDP. We study the effects of the war bond program implemented by the U.S. government on the level of household saving during the war. The bonds were heavily promoted in a series of drives, which encouraged thrift and associated subscriptions with patriotism, and also through a payroll deduction program. Yet as Friedman and Schwartz have noted, the main effect of the program may have been to change the form in which savings were held, rather than to increase saving. We use county-level data and an instrument for participation in the bond program to estimate the effect of war bond sales on total saving. We find that for every $100 in war bond sales, bank deposit inflows fell by $70, suggesting that while there was substantial substitution between war bonds and bank accounts, the program did actually increase total saving. A back of the envelope calculation suggests that the bond program increased total personal saving by about 7 percent, in large part driven by the voluntary payroll deduction program.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47413,"journal":{"name":"Explorations in Economic History","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 101692"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Local energy access and industry specialization: Evidence from World War II emergency pipelines 地方能源获取和行业专业化：来自二战应急管道的证据
IF 2.6 1区 历史学
Explorations in Economic History Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101688
Jacob Greenspon , Gordon Hanson
{"title":"Local energy access and industry specialization: Evidence from World War II emergency pipelines","authors":"Jacob Greenspon ,&nbsp;Gordon Hanson","doi":"10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101688","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How does improving access to the supply of energy affect regional specialization in manufacturing? We evaluate the long-run employment impacts of pipelines constructed by the U.S. government during World War II to transport oil and gas from the oil fields of the Southwest to wartime industrial producers in the Northeast. The pipelines were built rapidly to connect end points along a direct path that minimized use of scarce construction materials. Postwar they were converted to supply en route customers, giving counties close to the pipelines access to a cheap and plentiful source of energy. Between 1940 and 1950, counties with better access to pipeline gas had larger increases in their share of employment in energy-intensive industries. These impacts persisted to the mid-1980s for all energy-intensive industries and to the late 1990s for the subset of industries intensive in the direct use of electricity, despite the disruptive effects of the 1970s energy crisis. Our findings are relevant for understanding energy-related path dependence in local economic development patterns and how government intervention in energy markets affects industry location in the short and long run.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47413,"journal":{"name":"Explorations in Economic History","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 101688"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effect of World War II spending and army service on the lifespan of the Black population 二战开支和军队服役对黑人寿命的影响
IF 2.6 1区 历史学
Explorations in Economic History Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101693
Adriana Lleras-Muney , Tommy Morgan , Joseph Price , William Wygal
{"title":"The effect of World War II spending and army service on the lifespan of the Black population","authors":"Adriana Lleras-Muney ,&nbsp;Tommy Morgan ,&nbsp;Joseph Price ,&nbsp;William Wygal","doi":"10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate how World War II affected the longevity of the Black population. We focus attention on two aspects of the war. First, during the war a very large number of men served in the military. Second, many companies received large Federal contracts to support the war effort and employed a large number of workers in the production of war-related goods and services. Previous work has found that these events appear to have improved the economic conditions of Black men after the war. We document that war contracts indeed increased the age at death of Black men, but not of White men, lowering racial disparities in lifespan. The results for Black women are similar but less robust. Although WWII Army veterans lived longer than civilians, our causal estimates of the effects of serving during the war are imprecise for Black men.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47413,"journal":{"name":"Explorations in Economic History","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 101693"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Durable consumption, bank distress, economic concerns, and how they interacted during the great depression 持久消费，银行困境，经济问题，以及它们在大萧条期间如何相互作用
IF 2.6 1区 历史学
Explorations in Economic History Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101698
Mark Carlson
{"title":"Durable consumption, bank distress, economic concerns, and how they interacted during the great depression","authors":"Mark Carlson","doi":"10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores simultaneous developments in the banking sector and the real economy during the Great Depression and whether these are related to shifts in beliefs about economic prospects. It identifies a notable coincidence of bank closures and declines in consumer durable consumption (new automobile purchases) in Ohio in the early 1930s. To examine whether shifts in beliefs and the economic concerns of households and businesses may have mattered, I test whether keywords from local newspapers related to economic prospects or sentiments are associated with subsequent bank closures and declines in automobile purchases. The results support the idea that beliefs mattered for both of those outcomes, even after accounting for economic fundamentals. The analysis also highlights the importance of local economic conditions in shaping behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47413,"journal":{"name":"Explorations in Economic History","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 101698"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Kinship and opportunity: Swedish chain migration to the United States, 1880–1920 亲缘关系与机遇：1880-1920年瑞典移民到美国
IF 2.6 1区 历史学
Explorations in Economic History Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101695
Marcos Castillo, Martin Dribe, Jonas Helgertz
{"title":"Kinship and opportunity: Swedish chain migration to the United States, 1880–1920","authors":"Marcos Castillo,&nbsp;Martin Dribe,&nbsp;Jonas Helgertz","doi":"10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Between 1850 and 1930, millions of Europeans emigrated to the United States, attracted by opportunities for a better life. We study the role of migrant networks in fostering emigration, using individual-level Swedish full-count census data for men and women, linked to emigration records. Our findings show that having previously migrating siblings was an important determinant of emigration, particularly if the migrating sibling was of the same gender. The presence of migrant networks of kin outside the immediate family also promoted emigration. Moreover, migrant networks were most important for prospective migrants from areas with the weakest migration history. The importance of migrant networks for women did not vary according to social class, while for men in rural areas, the role of siblings emigrating was more important influencing emigration in the lowest social class.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47413,"journal":{"name":"Explorations in Economic History","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 101695"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144196454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From status to contract? A macrohistory from early-modern English caselaw and print culture 从身份到合同？近代早期英国判例法和印刷文化的宏观历史
IF 2.6 1区 历史学
Explorations in Economic History Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101696
Peter Grajzl , Peter Murrell
{"title":"From status to contract? A macrohistory from early-modern English caselaw and print culture","authors":"Peter Grajzl ,&nbsp;Peter Murrell","doi":"10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eeh.2025.101696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most modernization or development theories that incorporate law emphasize a growth in the scope of individual choice as law becomes impartial, relevant to all. An early expression of this conceptualization was Henry Maine's (1822–1888) celebrated dictum that progressive societies move from status to contract. We conduct an inquiry into Maine's conjecture using machine-learning applied to two early-modern English corpora, on caselaw and print culture. We train word embeddings on each corpus and produce time series of emphases on contract, status, and contract versus status. Only caselaw exhibits an increasing emphasis on contract versus status, and even that trend is discernible only before the Civil War. Thus, our findings indicate that development theories emphasizing the widening of individual choice do not characterize England in the century prior to the Industrial Revolution. After 1660, caselaw trends reflect the increasing importance of equity compared to common-law, with equity increasingly emphasizing status. This effect is particularly evident in family and inheritance law. In print culture, religion consistently emphasizes contract over status while politics exhibits a downward-trending emphasis on contract versus status. VAR estimates reveal that ideas in caselaw and print culture coevolved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47413,"journal":{"name":"Explorations in Economic History","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 101696"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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