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Booms, Busts, and Divorce. 繁荣、萧条和离婚。
IF 0.9 4区 经济学
B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy Pub Date : 2011-08-01 DOI: 10.2202/1935-1682.2914
Judith K Hellerstein, Melinda Sandler Morrill
{"title":"Booms, Busts, and Divorce.","authors":"Judith K Hellerstein,&nbsp;Melinda Sandler Morrill","doi":"10.2202/1935-1682.2914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1935-1682.2914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For almost a century, anecdotes have suggested that divorce rates decline during recessions. However, until very recently there has been surprisingly little formal empirical evidence on whether such a link exists, let alone its magnitude if it does. Moreover, the anticipated direction of the effect is ambiguous theoretically. Although previous studies have concluded that individual job loss destabilizes marriages, macroeconomic conditions may affect divorce probabilities even for those not directly experiencing a job shock. We add to the few existing contemporaneous studies of the effects of macroeconomic shocks on divorce by conducting an empirical analysis of the relationship between state-level unemployment rates and state-level divorce rates using vital statistics data on divorces in the United States from 1976-2009. We find a significant and robust negative relationship between the unemployment and divorce rates, whereby a one percentage point rise in the unemployment rate is associated with a decrease of 0.043 divorces per one thousand people, or about a one percent fall in the divorce rate. The result that divorce is pro-cyclical is robust to a host of alternative empirical specifications, to disaggregating by state characteristics and time period, to expanding the unemployment series back to 1970, and to using alternative measures of local economic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":47400,"journal":{"name":"B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2202/1935-1682.2914","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32668733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 88
Public Policies, Women's Employment after Childbearing, and Child Well-Being. 公共政策、妇女生育后就业与儿童福利。
IF 0.9 4区 经济学
B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy Pub Date : 2011-07-28 DOI: 10.2202/1935-1682.2938
Elizabeth Washbrook, Christopher J Ruhm, Jane Waldfogel, Wen-Jui Han
{"title":"Public Policies, Women's Employment after Childbearing, and Child Well-Being.","authors":"Elizabeth Washbrook,&nbsp;Christopher J Ruhm,&nbsp;Jane Waldfogel,&nbsp;Wen-Jui Han","doi":"10.2202/1935-1682.2938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1935-1682.2938","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, we consider three U.S. public policies that potentially influence the work decisions of mothers of infants—parental leave laws, exemptions from welfare work requirements, and child care subsidies for low-income families. We estimate the effects of these policies on the timing of work participation after birth, and on a range of outcomes in the subsequent four years, using a group difference-in-difference technique suitable for analysis of cross-sectional data. We find that the three policies affect early maternal work participation, but obtain no evidence of significant consequences for child well-being.","PeriodicalId":47400,"journal":{"name":"B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2011-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2202/1935-1682.2938","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31730753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 38
U.S. Cigarette Demand: 1944-2004. 美国香烟需求:1944-2004。
IF 0.9 4区 经济学
B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy Pub Date : 2010-08-01 DOI: 10.2202/1935-1682.2438
Kai-Wen Cheng, Don S Kenkel
{"title":"U.S. Cigarette Demand: 1944-2004.","authors":"Kai-Wen Cheng,&nbsp;Don S Kenkel","doi":"10.2202/1935-1682.2438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1935-1682.2438","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We analyze individual-level data on cigarette smoking from 23 national cross-sectional surveys conducted by the Gallup Poll from 1944 through 2004. We estimate standard two-part models of cigarette demand as a function of demographics, income, and cigarette prices. Over the sixty year time-span covered in our data, smoking participation falls from almost 50 percent to 22 percent. We find that the influences of key demographic factors on cigarette demand change over time: the gender difference in smoking rates almost disappears, the black-white difference reverses, a strong gradient with schooling emerges, and a negative income elasticity emerges.","PeriodicalId":47400,"journal":{"name":"B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2010-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2202/1935-1682.2438","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31858227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 31
Nick's Full Title 尼克的全名
IF 0.9 4区 经济学
B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy Pub Date : 2010-06-21 DOI: 10.2202/1935-1682.2643
J. Doe
{"title":"Nick's Full Title","authors":"J. Doe","doi":"10.2202/1935-1682.2643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1935-1682.2643","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47400,"journal":{"name":"B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2010-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77228284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
This is my test article 这是我的测试文章
IF 0.9 4区 经济学
B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy Pub Date : 2010-05-17 DOI: 10.2202/1935-1682.2625
Joe Joey
{"title":"This is my test article","authors":"Joe Joey","doi":"10.2202/1935-1682.2625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1935-1682.2625","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47400,"journal":{"name":"B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2010-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83438816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comment on "Equity, Heterogeneity and International Environmental Agreements" 评《公平、异质性与国际环境协定》
IF 0.9 4区 经济学
B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy Pub Date : 2010-01-22 DOI: 10.4337/9781783470273.00025
Barrett Scott
{"title":"Comment on \"Equity, Heterogeneity and International Environmental Agreements\"","authors":"Barrett Scott","doi":"10.4337/9781783470273.00025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781783470273.00025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47400,"journal":{"name":"B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2010-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82708579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comment on "What are the Costs of Meeting Distributional Objectives for Climate Policy?" 评论“满足气候政策分配目标的成本是什么?”
IF 0.9 4区 经济学
B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy Pub Date : 2010-01-14 DOI: 10.4337/9781783470273.00015
R. William
{"title":"Comment on \"What are the Costs of Meeting Distributional Objectives for Climate Policy?\"","authors":"R. William","doi":"10.4337/9781783470273.00015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781783470273.00015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47400,"journal":{"name":"B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy","volume":"76 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2010-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72801125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comment on 'Distributional Implications of Alternative U.S. Greenhouse Gas Control Measures' 对“美国温室气体控制替代措施对分配的影响”的评论
IF 0.9 4区 经济学
B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy Pub Date : 2010-01-02 DOI: 10.4337/9781783470273.00017
D. Shanta
{"title":"Comment on 'Distributional Implications of Alternative U.S. Greenhouse Gas Control Measures'","authors":"D. Shanta","doi":"10.4337/9781783470273.00017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781783470273.00017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47400,"journal":{"name":"B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2010-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74478607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 77
The Impact of Job Stress on Smoking and Quitting: Evidence from the HRS. 工作压力对吸烟和戒烟的影响:来自HRS的证据。
IF 0.9 4区 经济学
B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.2202/1935-1682.2259
Padmaja Ayyagari, Jody L Sindelar
{"title":"The Impact of Job Stress on Smoking and Quitting: Evidence from the HRS.","authors":"Padmaja Ayyagari,&nbsp;Jody L Sindelar","doi":"10.2202/1935-1682.2259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1935-1682.2259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Job-related stress might affect smoking behavior because smoking may relieve stress and stress can make individuals more present-focused. Alternatively, individuals may both self-select into stressful jobs and choose to smoke based on unobserved factors. We use data from the Health and Retirement Study to examine how job stress affects the probability that smokers quit and the number of cigarettes smoked for current smokers. To address the potential endogeneity of job stress based on time invariant factors, we include individual fixed effects, which control for factors such as ability to handle stress. Occupational fixed effects are also included to control for occupational characteristics other than stress; time dummies control for the secular decline in smoking rates. Using a sample of people who smoked in the previous wave, we find that job stress is positively related to continuing to smoke among recent smokers. The results indicate that the key impact of stress is on the extensive margin of smoking, as opposed to the number of cigarettes smoked.</p>","PeriodicalId":47400,"journal":{"name":"B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2202/1935-1682.2259","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30204422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 58
All in the Family: Mental Health Spillover Effects between Working Spouses. 全家福:工作配偶之间的心理健康溢出效应。
IF 0.9 4区 经济学
B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.2202/1935-1682.1967
Jason Fletcher
{"title":"All in the Family: Mental Health Spillover Effects between Working Spouses.","authors":"Jason Fletcher","doi":"10.2202/1935-1682.1967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2202/1935-1682.1967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is well documented that mental health outcomes are correlated between spouses. There are several alternative hypotheses for this correlation, including both causal and non-causal pathways. In this paper, I use an instrumental variables/fixed effects approach to examine whether there is evidence that an individual's mental health status spills over on his or her spouse's mental health status. Results from the IV-FE specifications that use spousal job problems as an instrument are large in magnitude. In particular, spousal mental health status is estimated to have a greater influence on an individual's mental health status than his or her own mental health endowment and is similar in magnitude with his or her own physical health status. Although not conclusive, these findings suggest that within-family spillovers of mental illness could be economically important and that policies that reduce mental health problems for individuals likely have unmeasured benefits for their family members.</p>","PeriodicalId":47400,"journal":{"name":"B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy","volume":"9 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2202/1935-1682.1967","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28669228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 40
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