Rebecca Godard, Susan Holtzman, Enya M. Duffield, Elisa Do, Gale Chong, Cynthia Mathieson
{"title":"“Stuff that only mixed-race people would understand”: Community and identity-related experiences in online groups for multiracial people","authors":"Rebecca Godard, Susan Holtzman, Enya M. Duffield, Elisa Do, Gale Chong, Cynthia Mathieson","doi":"10.1111/ajsp.12623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajsp.12623","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Multiracial people are a rapidly growing group who may still lack social support from similar others in their offline lives. This study aimed to understand the user experiences in online groups for multiracial individuals. In a cross-sectional online survey, 300 multiracial emerging adults (79% women; mean age = 23; most common ethnic identity components: 86% White/European, 44% Chinese, 17% Japanese, 16% Southeast Asian, and 13% Filipino) answered open-ended questions about their experiences in Facebook groups for multiracial people. Participants described aspects of the groups they liked and disliked most, as well as their identity-related experiences in the groups. We used reflexive thematic analysis to generate four themes within participants responses: (1) online groups as a gateway into connections with other multiracial individuals, (2) deriving a sense of belonging and community, (3) an opportunity for exploration and validation of racial identity, and (4) negative intrusions such as negative content (e.g., trolling, repetitive posting) and racism. For racial and ethnic minorities such as multiracial individuals, Facebook groups provide a space for community-building and identity-related experiences. Although online groups can foster a strong sense of community, validation, and belonging, findings also highlight potential challenges and limitations (e.g., how to delineate group boundaries, difficulty forming close relationships). Online group users and researchers should explore novel ways of maximizing these positive experiences while addressing users' concerns and negative experiences.</p>","PeriodicalId":47394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Psychology","volume":"27 4","pages":"672-685"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajsp.12623","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143253808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interpretation bias for ambiguous scenarios among individuals with high and low levels of empathy","authors":"Yuanyuan Fang, Ting Xu, Haijiang Li","doi":"10.1111/ajsp.12620","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajsp.12620","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Empathy is the ability to understand and resonate with the emotions of others, typically requiring individuals to infer others' emotional status through the information around them. However, this information is often ambiguous and it is unknown whether individuals with high empathy have a bias in interpreting contextual information. Therefore, this study investigated how individuals with low and high empathy interpret other-relevant scenarios in Study 1 (<i>N</i> = 98) and self-relevant scenarios in Study 2 (<i>N</i> = 95), by using the scenarios task and the Sentence Word Association Paradigm (SWAP) separately. Study 1 observed that, for interpretations of other-relevant scenarios, the high-empathy group showed greater likelihood ratings for negative interpretations than those with low-empathy in both social and non-social scenarios. Study 2 found that, for interpretations of self-relevant scenarios, the high-empathy group differed from the low-empathy group only on non-social scenarios but not on social scenarios. Specifically, individuals with high empathy were more likely to report a relationship between a negative word and an ambiguous scenario compared to those with low empathy in self-relevant non-social scenarios. The study first revealed a bias for highly empathetic individuals to regard the ambiguous scenarios as negative in other-relevant and self-relevant scenarios, except for self-relevant social scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":47394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Psychology","volume":"27 4","pages":"626-638"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140668827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perceived obligation, overconfidence and electric-bike driving hazards: The double-edged sword of social network density","authors":"Hongxu Lu, Li Jiang, Ting Wu, Ke Zhang, Li Lin","doi":"10.1111/ajsp.12615","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajsp.12615","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper introduces the social network perspective to the context of electric-bike driving and empirically tests various hypotheses on the relationship between social network density and electric-bike driving hazards. The results of a three-wave time-lagged field study of 1575 electric-bike drivers showed that social network density had a negative indirect effect on driving hazards, mediated by perceived obligation, and a positive indirect effect on driving hazards, mediated by overconfidence. Furthermore, a strong perceived ethical climate strengthened the negative indirect effect of social network density on driving hazards via perceived obligation and mitigated the positive indirect effect of social network density on driving hazards via overconfidence. This study makes theoretical contributions and provides empirical evidence to support the further exploration of electric-bike driving safety hazards. It also contributes to the literature on social network density by revealing how it is akin to a double-edged sword in the context of safety incidents.</p>","PeriodicalId":47394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Psychology","volume":"27 4","pages":"571-585"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140626992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The social status of women in China: Analysis based on age, period, and cohort effects","authors":"Dian Wang, Xiaokang Lyu, Lijun Chen","doi":"10.1111/ajsp.12616","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajsp.12616","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study examined the social status of women in China by reviewing the levels and trends of objective and subjective socioeconomic status and gender role attitudes. We employed a hierarchical age–period–cohort analysis and used repeated cross-sectional data from the 2010 to 2021 Chinese General Social Survey (<i>N</i> = 52,927), a nationwide probability survey. The study found that for both males and females, differences in age effects were more pronounced than period and cohort effects. Specifically, there were no significant gender differences in levels of education. However, women start at a lower level of occupational prestige and income than men. Particularly in late adulthood, the rate of decline in income is significantly faster for women than for adult men. Chinese women's gender role attitudes interact with their objective socioeconomic status. Subjectively, China's awareness and recognition of gender equality and women's rights and interests are increasing, but objective gender inequality still exists, and there are many challenges to be addressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":47394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Psychology","volume":"27 4","pages":"586-599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140692594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring emotion regulation and coping across cultures: Implications for happiness and loneliness","authors":"Hiroki Hirano, Keiko Ishii","doi":"10.1111/ajsp.12619","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajsp.12619","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Previous studies have documented cultural gaps in levels of well-being, particularly within the contexts of individualistic and collectivistic nations. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for the disparities remain incompletely understood. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to explore how cross-cultural differences in the use of emotion regulation (<i>cognitive reappraisal</i> and <i>expressive suppression</i>) and coping (<i>problem-focused</i> and <i>avoidant coping</i>) predict health outcomes, specifically happiness and loneliness. As expected, the results of structural equation modelling demonstrated that American participants were more likely to use reappraisal and problem-focused coping, both of which were positively associated with happiness but negatively linked to loneliness. In contrast, Japanese participants tended to lean toward suppression and avoidant coping, resulting in lower happiness and greater loneliness. Overall, the present findings affirm the substantial influence of cultural norms and values on regulatory strategies individuals employ in response to daily stressors, which are inextricably tied to human functioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":47394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Psychology","volume":"27 4","pages":"613-625"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140626776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yen-Ling Chen, Kuan-Ju Huang, Andrew J. Freeman, Shane W. Kraus
{"title":"Face as a multidimensional construct: Cross-cultural validation of the Loss of Face Scale in Taiwan and the United States","authors":"Yen-Ling Chen, Kuan-Ju Huang, Andrew J. Freeman, Shane W. Kraus","doi":"10.1111/ajsp.12611","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajsp.12611","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Face culture is a crucial facet of East Asia. The most common self-report measure for face concern is the unidimensional Loss of Face Scale. In this study, we examined the dimensionality, factor structure, and validity of the Loss of Face Scale in two samples. Sample 1 (<i>N</i> = 602) consisted of 303 Taiwanese mothers and 299 U.S. mothers. Sample 2 (<i>N</i> = 602) was an independent sample from Sample 1, consisting of 294 Taiwanese mothers and 308 U.S. mothers. We proposed a modified 15-item four-dimensional factor structure to better capture the complexity of face. Four sub-domains emerged from the results of exploratory structural equation modelling: <i>Low-Profile</i>, <i>Over-Preparation</i>, <i>Harmony Seeking</i>, and <i>Non-Aggression</i>. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis indicated configural and metric invariance but failed to establish full scalar invariance across countries. Convergent validity was supported by positive correlations with other Asian cultural values. While all four domains of face showed small to moderate correlations with depression in the U.S., only <i>Low-Profile</i> was associated with depression in Taiwan, suggesting that not all aspects of face concern are non-adaptive in East Asian contexts. Future studies should consider the multidimensional nature of face as well as how different dimensions affect mental and social well-being across cultures.</p>","PeriodicalId":47394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Psychology","volume":"27 3","pages":"500-516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140719810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Power or opportunity? Perceived inequality on life satisfaction explained by reduced trust in South Korea","authors":"Joonha Park, Mohsen Joshanloo","doi":"10.1111/ajsp.12617","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajsp.12617","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents new evidence linking different aspects of perceived inequality (education, employment, law enforcement, income and wealth, power, and gender) to life satisfaction. Using large-scale national survey data, we examined the relationships between the six aspects of perceived inequality, life satisfaction, and generalized trust among South Koreans (<i>N</i> = 17,357). Exploratory structural equation modelling identified a two-factor structure of perceived inequality: Opportunity Inequality (inequalities in education and employment) and Power Inequality (inequalities in income and wealth, law enforcement, power, and gender). Results from mediation analysis suggested that both aspects of inequality negatively predicted life satisfaction via reduced generalized trust. Those processes were consistent regardless of household income. The study underscores the critical impact that public perceptions of (in)equality in various opportunity and power aspects have on well-being and trust and emphasizes the urgency of government and policy action to address the growing problem of inequality in South Korean society. The findings highlight the urgent need to address disparities and promote social harmony and well-being in countries facing similar challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":47394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Psychology","volume":"27 4","pages":"600-612"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajsp.12617","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140572452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘You are not Sikkimese enough’: Understanding collective action tendencies of old settlers in Sikkim using SIMCA","authors":"Bhasker Malu, Sucharita Belavadi, Samreen Chhabra, Santhosh Kareepadath Rajan, Rashbha Dochania","doi":"10.1111/ajsp.12614","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajsp.12614","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The current study analyses the motivators and inhibitors of collective action tendency using the Social Identity Model of Collective Action (SIMCA). The study was conducted with a minority and state-based repressed group known as the old settlers in Sikkim, India. The old settlers are a community that have been historically settled in Sikkim prior to the state's merger with India in 1975. They are racially and ethnically different from the majority population of northeasterners in Sikkim and face both institutional and interpersonal discrimination. A qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews with 11 old settlers was taken to delineate SIMCA variables – moral conviction, identity, injustice and efficacy – within the context of northeast India. Collective action was motivated through moral conviction via principles of equality and unequal treatment and outsider status, identity via politicisation of identity, creation of social movement organisations, injustice via anger and fraternal resentment and efficacy via marches and legal recourses. Collective action was inhibited through moral conviction via denial of violation, identity via acculturation, injustice via fear and efficacy via learned helplessness. These findings indicate that in state-based repressed groups, collective action tendencies must be understood from a context-specific lens that attempts to understand both motivating and inhibitory factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":47394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Psychology","volume":"27 4","pages":"552-570"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140572457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Within-group apologies can restore a sense of justice more for non-victimized observers than for victims","authors":"Yeongjin Yu, Taeyun Jung","doi":"10.1111/ajsp.12613","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajsp.12613","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Within-group apologies are effective for governments to address injustices, but they often hesitate due to public reception concerns. With justice theory as the starting point, this study investigated the psychological effects of within-group apologies, excuses and silence between the empathetic group towards victims' experiences (i.e. victim-empathic group) and the observers (Study 1) and between the actual victims and the observers (Study 2). Findings indicate that within-group apologies restore justice and social engagement for all participants, while excuses and silence are ineffective. Victims' justice restoration was notably weaker than observers when encountering the apology (Study 2), while the victim-empathic group had similar justice restoration as observers (Study 1). Thus, within-group apologies are more effective at restoring a sense of justice for observers than victims.</p>","PeriodicalId":47394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Psychology","volume":"27 4","pages":"540-551"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajsp.12613","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140375260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Organizational dehumanization fuelling opportunistic behaviour: A social exchange perspective","authors":"Afshan Bibi, Sidrah Al Hassan, Hafsah Zahur","doi":"10.1111/ajsp.12612","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajsp.12612","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Organizations generally treat their employees as tools for attaining maximum efficiency to achieve their production targets. In this regard, it is important to note that the global post-pandemic era spiced up with technological advent has further catalysed the existing mechanistic approach towards the workforce. Moreover, the investigation of organizational dehumanization in the Asian region has its unique significance. This pervasive phenomenon needs scholarly attention to realize its deleterious outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between organizational dehumanization and opportunistic behaviour. Moreover, the underlying mechanism of calculative commitment was proposed along with the negative reciprocity norms moderating the indirect effect of organization dehumanization to opportunistic behaviour through calculative commitment. The proposed model was grounded on the assumptions of social exchange theory. The survey method was utilized to collect from the service sector organizations operating in both private and public sector organizations in the twin cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan. The data were collected in three-time lags (2 weeks), with peer-reported opportunistic behaviour. The CFA was done, followed by the utilization of model 4 and model 7 to test hypotheses. The results established a positive relationship between organizational dehumanization and opportunistic behaviour. Moreover, the mediation of calculative commitment was proven empirically with the high levels of negative reciprocity norms strengthening the indirect effect of organizational dehumanization to opportunistic behaviour through calculative commitment.</p>","PeriodicalId":47394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Social Psychology","volume":"27 4","pages":"528-539"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140374643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}