{"title":"The theory of the MNE@64: Building on Hymer's legacy","authors":"Christos Pitelis, Eleni E. N. Piteli","doi":"10.1111/emre.12692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12692","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We look at the past, present and possible futures of the theory of the multinational enterprise (MNE). We argue that the modern theory of the MNE, propounded by Stephen Hymer, viewed rivalry reduction and/through the internalization of advantages by firms as a strategy to acquire market power. Hymer anticipated the modern theory of the domestic firm and strategic management and later the transaction costs-focused ‘internalization theory’. While ‘internalization theory’ focused on efficiency, Hymer viewed efficiency and market power as complementary. His theory of the MNE was influential in the development of International Business scholarship and has itself developed through cross-fertilization with adjacent fields. It has significant scope for further development by leveraging resource-based, international entrepreneurship and dynamic capabilities ideas. It faces technical and substantive challenges, notably that its focus on the sustainability of firm-level competitive advantage underplays wider multilevel environmental, economic and social sustainability challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":47372,"journal":{"name":"European Management Review","volume":"21 4","pages":"733-747"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emre.12692","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hymer and the theory of the MNE: A commentary by John Cantwell","authors":"John Cantwell","doi":"10.1111/emre.12693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12693","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article provides a commentary on the paper by Pitelis and Piteli on Hymer as the pioneer of the theory of the multinational enterprise (MNE). I suggest that Stephen Hymer and his contemporary, John Dunning, also laid the foundation for an analysis of an international business (IB) system, which reaches well beyond the theory of the MNE and its strategy. I argue firstly that early IB theories, including Hymer's, which emerged from the late 1950s onwards, mostly had a holistic view of the IB system, of which the MNE was just one element. Secondly, I contend that both Hymer and Dunning developed from the outset some seminal ideas on the interrelationships that exist between the MNE and its strategy, on the one hand, and the wider economic and social environment in which firms are embedded, on the other. I suggest that Dunning's eclectic paradigm was intended as a framework for the study of the IB system in its entirety as a complex, relational system. Thirdly, while Hymer's ideas on cross-border geographic hierarchy, uneven development and IB were highly original and remain relevant today, they need to be substantially updated and revised in the current IB context, as opposed to the context which prevailed in the IB system of the 1950s through to the 1970s.</p>","PeriodicalId":47372,"journal":{"name":"European Management Review","volume":"21 4","pages":"748-755"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emre.12693","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hymer and the theory of the MNE: A commentary by Niels Noorderhaven","authors":"Niels Noorderhaven","doi":"10.1111/emre.12694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12694","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The discussion of the economic theory of the multinational enterprise (MNE) in Pitelis and Piteli (2024) illuminates how different strands of thought have been developed and built upon one another. In this commentary, I focus on two aspects that remain in the shadows in Pitelis and Piteli (2024): the nature of the “international” dimension in the theory of the MNE and the social embeddedness of the MNE. More attention to these two interrelated aspects is necessary for developing a satisfactory theory of the MNE.</p>","PeriodicalId":47372,"journal":{"name":"European Management Review","volume":"21 4","pages":"756-759"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Buying knowledge-intensive business services: Overarching themes, actor relationships, and future research agenda","authors":"Dominik Schlee, Kai Foerstl, Tobias Gutmann","doi":"10.1111/emre.12691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12691","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) provide industry-changing inputs to the business processes of other organizations that face complex tendering procedures. Service triads emerge as a response to resource and capability constraints due to high procedure benchmarks. Despite calls, research remains fragmented. Recent challenges driven by a pandemic and conflicts call for a systematic literature review that coherently integrates and describes the body of knowledge on sourcing KIBS triads. Employing the SPAR-4-SLR protocol to systematically review 205 articles, we integrate and describe key areas such as sourcing strategies, service delivery, ante-contract considerations, and overarching relationship dynamics. We highlight future research avenues toward bridging domain linkages including the development of an integrated model and the exploration of environmental uncertainties and individual behaviors in the sourcing of KIBS triads.</p>","PeriodicalId":47372,"journal":{"name":"European Management Review","volume":"21 4","pages":"760-781"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emre.12691","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antonio Mastrogiorgio, Mariano Mastrogiorgio, Teppo Felin, Stuart Kauffman
{"title":"Quantum cognition in management research: A novel methodological framework with an application to causal ambiguity","authors":"Antonio Mastrogiorgio, Mariano Mastrogiorgio, Teppo Felin, Stuart Kauffman","doi":"10.1111/emre.12688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12688","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We propose a novel methodological framework based on the emerging field of quantum cognition and illustrate its application to a central problem in management and strategy research: causal ambiguity. The current literature often assumes that <i>causal ambiguity</i>—the difficulty of managers to understand the causal link between resources and outcomes at the basis of a firm's performance—can be reduced through learning. This literature overlooks the fact that causal ambiguity reduction is impossible when causal systems exhibit so-called complementary properties. Building upon <i>quantum cognition</i>—specifically the idea of <i>complementarity</i> as an alternative to causality—we illustrate that causal ambiguity is only a special case of ambiguity and we offer a novel <i>methodological</i> framework to model what we label as ‘acausal ambiguity’, which refers to the insurmountable limit of managers to achieve causal ambiguity reduction. Managers can, of course, cognize some causal links. However, this comes at the price of being agnostic about complementary ones. The implications of this novel methodological framework applied to causal ambiguity are twofold: while complementarity opacifies the attentional faculties of managers, it also accounts for the cognitive origins of novelty.</p>","PeriodicalId":47372,"journal":{"name":"European Management Review","volume":"21 4","pages":"939-962"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acceptable finger pointing: How evaluators judge the ethicality of blame shifting","authors":"Paolo Antonetti, Ilaria Baghi","doi":"10.1111/emre.12678","DOIUrl":"10.1111/emre.12678","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Research shows how blame shifting deemed unethical by evaluators leads to a damaging reputational backlash. Yet, scholars have not determined how evaluators judge if blame-shifting messages are ethical. To fill this gap, we develop a conceptual model of evaluators' judgments of blame-shifting ethicality, integrating insights from ethical decision-making and the ethics of blame. The ethical evaluation of blame shifting is based on perceptions of target blameworthiness, the motives of the blamer, and message fairness. These three perceptions explain the evaluators' judgment of whether blame shifting is ethical. Furthermore, the model explains why at times evaluators fail to develop a detailed ethical evaluation of the message. Organizational blame shifting in these circumstances can be effective and yet unethical because evaluators do not cognitively process the relevant ethical factors. This article contributes to research on blame shifting by explaining how evaluators judge ethicality and examining the conditions for ethical blame shifting.</p>","PeriodicalId":47372,"journal":{"name":"European Management Review","volume":"21 4","pages":"902-920"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francisco Javier Forcadell, Desiderio Romero‐Jordán, Angelica Sanchez‐Riofrio, Luis Ángel Guerras‐Martín
{"title":"The effect of restructuring internationalized companies on performance: Evidence from European firms","authors":"Francisco Javier Forcadell, Desiderio Romero‐Jordán, Angelica Sanchez‐Riofrio, Luis Ángel Guerras‐Martín","doi":"10.1111/emre.12672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12672","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the effect of restructuring internationalized companies on financial performance. We hypothesize that companies implementing restructuring strategies in internationalized companies obtain better financial performance than non‐internationalized companies that restructure. Both strategies exploit resource complementarities that promote improved resource access, generation, and use. We empirically analyze a sample of 932 companies from 15 European Union countries from 1998 to 2011, including periods of economic growth and financial crisis. Our study extends the internationalization literature by demonstrating that internationalization improves financial performance (return on assets) for companies facing narrowing or refocusing their scope.","PeriodicalId":47372,"journal":{"name":"European Management Review","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahesh Subramony, Sven Kepes, Markus Groth, Dana Yagil, David Solnet
{"title":"Human resource management in the emerging work ecosystem: Propositions for scholarship and implications for practice","authors":"Mahesh Subramony, Sven Kepes, Markus Groth, Dana Yagil, David Solnet","doi":"10.1111/emre.12681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12681","url":null,"abstract":"The confluence of changing employment norms and technological innovations is bringing forth a work ecosystem characterized by increases in episodic work, virtuality, individualization of labour, and transformation of jobs. Our paper builds upon existing scholarship, and data on labour trends to propose a framework that views the interactions between key entities (workers, customers, organizations, and platforms) and institutions as continuously shaping the nature of work. Viewing micro‐ecosystems, such as gig work performed using technology platforms and traditional employment ecosystems, as subsets of this emergent work ecosystem, we generate specific propositions to guide human resource management (HRM) research and explore the implications of the emerging work ecosystem for HRM practice.","PeriodicalId":47372,"journal":{"name":"European Management Review","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anne‐Sophie Bacouël, Amanda Shantz, Sabine Jentjens, Clara Goudal
{"title":"An artful workplace of the future: The role of art‐based interventions in fostering levers for creativity amongst a diverse workforce","authors":"Anne‐Sophie Bacouël, Amanda Shantz, Sabine Jentjens, Clara Goudal","doi":"10.1111/emre.12680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12680","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between diversity and creativity is equivocal, and so attention has turned to traditional factors that might foster this relationship. Yet the creativity needed for today's challenges requires a radically different set of skills and mindsets than what has driven business in the past. The workforce of the future requires interventions that ignite diverse employees' emotion, intuition and imagination. Art‐based interventions may be one such method, and furthermore, they may be particularly suitable to maximise the conditions needed to foster diversity for creativity, or what we call and examine, ‘levers for creativity’. We look deeply into an organisation that promotes the arts to ask: <jats:italic>How do art‐based interventions support workplace diversity to increase levers for employee creativity?</jats:italic> Analysis of interview data (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 21) from one case study finds that art‐based interventions: (1) level the playing field; (2) encourage courage; (3) broaden perspective taking; (4) offer moments to breathe; and (5) cultivate a sense of we‐ness.","PeriodicalId":47372,"journal":{"name":"European Management Review","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does CEO guilt influence the adoption of employee welfare practices?","authors":"Saira Ashfaq, Hammad Riaz, Ghulam Mujtaba, Abubakr Saeed, Muhammad Saad Baloch","doi":"10.1111/emre.12675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12675","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the role of CEOs' guilt in adopting employee welfare practices (EWP). Using the context of privatization that is associated with large‐scale layoffs, we argue that witnessing the distress of laid‐off workers and their families causes CEOs to experience guilt for not doing enough to alleviate their suffering. The guilt, in turn, drives CEOs to engage in remedial actions of restitution that reflect positively on employee‐related practices. We find support for our idea in a sample of newly privatized firms from 31 countries. Our results show that CEOs' guilt positively influences the adoption of EWP among newly privatized firms. This effect is stronger in countries with collectivistic orientation and higher unemployment rates. Our findings suggest CEOs' values and emotions play an important role in business decisions concerning their employees. This perspective challenges the conventional view of business decisions as purely rational and profit‐driven, highlighting the importance of ethical and emotional considerations in decision‐making.","PeriodicalId":47372,"journal":{"name":"European Management Review","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}