{"title":"Governing through Repression: The Spatial Logics of State Power in Turkey (1923–2019)","authors":"Burcu Türkoğlu","doi":"10.1093/ips/olag035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ips/olag035","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article offers a juridico-political and spatiotemporal analysis of repression by examining how legal and extralegal modalities of state power were differentially deployed across Turkey’s national territory between 1923 and 2019. Drawing on extensive archival data, it reveals how repression operates as a spatial technique of governance as law and repression intertwine in the production of political order. The article bridges insights from the literatures on repression and on states of emergency and exception. While repression studies often remain descriptive and quantitative, privileging statistical precision over contextual depth, scholarship on emergency and exception tends to reduce juridico-politically distinct repressive measures to the state of exception. Whereas the former treats law merely as an instrument without any constructive force, the latter overlooks the legal and structural embeddedness of repression within political rule. Departing from both perspectives, this article conceptualizes repression as a historically constant mode of governance that operates through both proactive and reactive forms, rather than as episodic violence or a permanent state of exception. By foregrounding the territorial differentiation of repression across a national territorial space, the article demonstrates how both the law and its denial can produce politically and legally differentiated spaces within the state borders.","PeriodicalId":47361,"journal":{"name":"International Political Sociology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148898969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Laughing at the Hegemon: How \u0000 RT\u0000 Broadcasts Ridiculed the West in the Run-Up to the Invasion of Ukraine","authors":"Dinara Urazova","doi":"10.1093/ips/olag028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ips/olag028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study examines how RT (Russia Today) constructed a visual spectacle to attack the West in the lead-up to the invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Through satirical laughter, grotesque imagery, and audience participation, RT invited diverse audiences to join in mocking Western dominance as faltering and unjust. The case illustrates a corrosive form of soft power that has been neglected in recent scholarship on state propaganda. I elaborate this idea in connection with Bakhtin’s concept of the carnivalesque. Through clownish subversion, RT ’s carnivalesque performance presents Russia’s opponents as ridiculous and illegitimate. Bakhtin considered the carnivalesque to be anti-hegemonic, but the RT case shows its dual nature: it was used to undermine perceptions of Western power in the service of reinforcing the Kremlin’s hegemony within and outside Russia. The dual role points to the political ambivalence of the carnivalesque and of soft power more generally, since they can serve both subversion and domination. By documenting the carnivalesque in RT ’s performance, this paper shows one way of studying contemporary satirical narratives as expressions of corrosive soft power. By blurring the line between laughter and violence, RT positioned Russia as an intrepid challenger to Western dominance, ridiculing the United States as a faltering “king.”","PeriodicalId":47361,"journal":{"name":"International Political Sociology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148898995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}