Jean-Baptiste M. B. Sanfo, Keiichi Ogawa, Thu Ha Truong
{"title":"Education expansion and its returns to education in Vietnam: a two-step Heckman model analysis","authors":"Jean-Baptiste M. B. Sanfo, Keiichi Ogawa, Thu Ha Truong","doi":"10.1007/s12564-024-09967-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12564-024-09967-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the impact of educational expansion on the relationship between education and its economic returns as posited by the human capital theory. Specifically, we explore how the expansion of education affects the returns to higher levels of education relative to lower ones and examine gender differences across levels of education. To achieve these objectives, we use data from the Vietnam Household Living Standards Surveys (VHLSS) conducted between 2002 and 2014, encompassing a sample of 133,600 individuals. Our empirical findings, consistent with the human capital theory, show that higher levels of education are associated with increased monetary returns, even in the context of educational expansion. Nevertheless, we observe varied gender effects resulting from the expansion of education, particularly for individuals with no or primary education. Notably, women in these educational categories tend to earn lower wages than their male counterparts. In contrast, women who have attained tertiary education have higher wage premiums than men. Overall, this study's results support the human capital theory while emphasizing the significance of considering education as a positional good and recognizing the gender-specific impacts of educational expansion.</p>","PeriodicalId":47344,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Education Review","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140882709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of instructional video playback speed and pre-embedded questions on learning","authors":"Rong Liu, Huina Jia","doi":"10.1007/s12564-024-09964-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12564-024-09964-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Instructional video has become an important teaching resource. In related studies, researchers have found that the playback speed of instructional videos affects learning effect. However, it is not clear whether the learning effect obtained when learners choose different playback speeds is affected by the interactive design of the video (e.g., such as pre-embedded questions). Therefore, in this study, behavioral tests and eye-movement techniques were used to investigate the learning outcomes and cognitive processing of 90 participants based on instructional video playback speed (1.0×, 1.25×, and 1.5×) and question embedding types (no-question embedding and pre-embedded questions). The results showed that the pre-embedded questions not only improved learners' attention to the main content of the video, but also enhanced learning performance. An appropriate increase in playback speed (1.25× speed) is beneficial to learners' cognitive processing and learning depth, but excessive speed (1.5× speed) can be detrimental. Pre-embedding questions can broaden the range of speed acceptable to learners while maintaining learning efficiency. There was no significant difference in learning outcomes between 1.0, 1.25, and 1.5 times speed when questions were pre-embedded. However, the learning effect of 1.5 times speed was considerably lower than that of 1.0 times and 1.25 times speed when no questions were embedded. This study not only provides a new research perspective for the related research of instructional videos, but also provides a reference for the design and development of teaching video, so as to meet learners' individual needs and improve the effectiveness of online learning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47344,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Education Review","volume":"26 2","pages":"383 - 395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140882621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An introduction to causal mediation analysis","authors":"Xu Qin","doi":"10.1007/s12564-024-09962-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12564-024-09962-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Causal mediation analysis has gained increasing attention in recent years. This article guides empirical researchers through the concepts and challenges of causal mediation analysis. I first clarify the difference between traditional and causal mediation analysis and highlight the importance of adjusting for the treatment-by-mediator interaction and confounders of the treatment–mediator, treatment–outcome, and mediator–outcome relationships. I then introduce the definition of causal mediation effects under the potential outcomes framework and different methods for the identification and estimation of the effects. After that, I highlight the importance of conducting a sensitivity analysis to assess the sensitivity of analysis results to potential unmeasured confounding. I also list various statistical software that can conduct causal mediation analysis and sensitivity analysis and provide suggestions for writing a causal mediation analysis paper. Finally, I briefly introduce some extensions that I made with my colleagues, including power analysis, multisite causal mediation analysis, causal moderated mediation analysis, and relaxing the assumption of no post-treatment confounding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47344,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Education Review","volume":"25 3","pages":"703 - 717"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12564-024-09962-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140830558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can school cultivate active global citizens? Exploring school and student factors related to students’ global citizenship in the Republic of Korea","authors":"Seongkyeong Jeong, Hwanbo Park","doi":"10.1007/s12564-024-09961-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12564-024-09961-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the school-related factors that influence students’ global citizenship. To explore both student-level and school-level factors that influence students’ global citizenship, we applied a hierarchical linear model using PISA 2018 data from Korea. The results showed that factors related to teacher’s GCED practices and school climate can play an important role in fostering students’ global citizenship. Based on these findings, we suggest that a whole-school approach is needed to promote the inclusion of GCED-related topics in various school curricula and to integrate GCED values into the overall school culture to enhance students’ global citizenship.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47344,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Education Review","volume":"25 4","pages":"1129 - 1140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140588966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regression discontinuity designs in education: a practitioner’s guide","authors":"Youmi Suk","doi":"10.1007/s12564-024-09956-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12564-024-09956-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Regression discontinuity (RD) designs have gained significant popularity as a quasi-experimental device for evaluating education programs and policies. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of RD designs, focusing on the continuity-based framework, the most widely adopted RD framework. We first review the fundamental aspects of RD designs, drawing on potential outcomes and causal graphs. We then discuss the validity threats in RD designs, including manipulation, discreteness of the running variable, statistical power, and generalizability. Additionally, we provide an overview of the existing extensions to RD designs. To exemplify the application of RD methods, we analyze the effect of New Jersey’s pre-kindergarten program on children’s vocabulary test scores, using an educational dataset. Finally, we offer practical guidelines in the conclusion to promote the appropriate use of RD methods in educational research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47344,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Education Review","volume":"25 3","pages":"629 - 645"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140588670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chun Sing Maxwell Ho, Jiafang Lu, Lucas Chiu Kit Liu
{"title":"Advertising a school’s merits in Hong Kong: weighing academic performance against students whole-person development","authors":"Chun Sing Maxwell Ho, Jiafang Lu, Lucas Chiu Kit Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12564-024-09960-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12564-024-09960-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Against the background of expanding parental choices and declining global birth rates, schools are experiencing rising competition regarding student enrolment. Schools have responded by strategically presenting information about their students’ academic achievement and whole-person development orientation in the hope of attracting parents’ interest. However, few studies have investigated the impact of these factors on student enrollment, particularly in the context of diverse school types and educational orientations. Accordingly, this study utilized data from 327 secondary schools in Hong Kong to examine the effects of academic achievement orientation and whole-person development orientation on student intake. Using hierarchical regression analysis, we found a positive association between high whole-person development orientation and student intake in aided schools with a strong academic development orientation. The result implies parents are increasingly concerned about their children’s academic achievement and whole-person development at school. The study contributes to a broader understanding of the factors influencing parental choice in high-performing education systems, providing valuable insights for policymakers and educators seeking to improve educational offerings, enhance school transparency, and be better aligned with parental expectations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47344,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Education Review","volume":"25 5","pages":"1419 - 1431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12564-024-09960-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140723840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cultural nationalism and its effect on Chinese higher education: continuity and variation","authors":"Jason Cong Lin, Yuting Shen","doi":"10.1007/s12564-024-09943-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12564-024-09943-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Since 1840, Chinese political leaders have struggled to draw effectively from Western culture without abandoning the Chinese essence in their design of higher education. In this paper, we use cultural nationalism as the theoretical framework to examine how Chinese political leaders have responded to this challenge. Our analysis shows that cultural nationalism closely links to politics, and although the form taken by cultural nationalism has varied throughout Chinese history, it has significantly influenced Chinese higher education. In particular, we identify a strong cultural nationalism in today’s China, which has already influenced teaching and research in Chinese higher education. Finally, we discuss the implications and limitations of this paper, and call for critical reflections of cultural nationalism and its impact on Chinese higher education.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47344,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Education Review","volume":"25 5","pages":"1403 - 1418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12564-024-09943-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140735311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Key antecedents of maximal levels of aspiration and minimal boundary goals: a structural equation modeling analysis","authors":"Flaviu A. Hodis, Georgeta M. Hodis","doi":"10.1007/s12564-024-09958-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12564-024-09958-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Research findings indicate that two types of goals, which focus on the lowest (highest) levels of achievement possible in a learning setting, are strong predictors of how well students attain in school. Unfortunately, little is known about how these two goals, termed minimal boundary goals (MBG) and maximal levels of aspiration (MLA) relate to psychological constructs that are theorized to be antecedents of goals. To fill this knowledge gap, this research collected data from 463 secondary-school students and tested a model linking these goals to achievement motives and theory of intelligence. Results revealed that <i>not</i> believing that intelligence is fixed and devoting effort to studying was associated with a strong endorsement of MLA. At the same time, making low/no efforts to study, being afraid of failure, and believing that intelligence is fixed were strong predictors of MBG. These findings advance current knowledge and have important implications for teaching and learning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47344,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Education Review","volume":"26 3","pages":"717 - 731"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12564-024-09958-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140588774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A primer on the validity typology and threats to validity in education research","authors":"Kylie Anglin, Qing Liu, Vivian C. Wong","doi":"10.1007/s12564-024-09955-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12564-024-09955-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Given decision-makers often prioritize causal research that identifies the impact of treatments on the people they serve, a key question in education research is, “Does it work?”. Today, however, researchers are paying increasing attention to successive questions that are equally important from a practical standpoint—not only does it work, but for whom and under what circumstances? Invalid conclusions to any of these questions can result in the adoption of ineffective educational practices. This article discusses the enduring legacy of Shadish, Cook, and Campbell’s validity typology, and its associated threats to validity, for improving the validity of inferences in education research. The validity typology provides a system for classifying and improving inferences related to four validity types, including ensuring a causal relationship between a treatment and outcome (internal validity) that is precisely estimated (statistical validity), well understood (construct validity), and generalizes to the necessary circumstances (external validity). Here, we provide an overview of these four validity types and discuss proactive approaches to addressing them. We conclude by discussing how the validity typology framework may help researchers understand and address contemporary critiques of quantitative causal research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47344,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Education Review","volume":"25 3","pages":"557 - 574"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140364777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}