Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie最新文献

{"title":"[The term \"forced adoption\" in the German Democratic Republic from the perspective of affected adoptees - a qualitative analysis].","authors":"Emelie Compera, Doreen Hoffmann, Heide Glaesmer","doi":"10.1055/a-2875-5886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2875-5886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The term \"forced adoption\" in the GDR has not yet been clearly defined to this day, the evidence is inconclusive, and the number of people affected falls within the single-digit to double-digit range, although there are significantly more people who consider themselves to be affected. The study examined the individual understanding and meaning of the term \"forced adoption\" among adoptees surveyed who believe they are affected by \"forced adoptions\" in the GDR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>29 narrative interviews were conducted with contemporary witnesses about their understanding of the term and their individual engagement with it. These were evaluated using Kuckartz's qualitative content analysis method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The approaches to and discussions of the term \"forced adoption\" of the adoptees interviewed were comparable but may lead to uncertainties and doubts in different ways. The analysis revealed four psychological functions of the term: expression of subjective suffering and injustice, formulation of a conciliatory and compassionate narrative about the biological parents, dealing with lack of knowledge and uncertainties, and establishing a sense of belonging to a group of affected individuals.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The results show that the term can help to articulate subjective experiences of suffering and injustice, to formulate a coherent life narrative, and to establish a connection to the biological parents and a sense of belonging to a group of affected individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Raising awareness and acknowledging the experiences of suffering and injustice of adoptees who consider to be forcibly adopted may help to better understand their concerns, to contextualize the narratives historically and in terms of their function, and to offer them adequate support in counseling or psychotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148702366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Who is interested in Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy? A multicenter analysis of interest and training-related characteristics among medical students in Germany].","authors":"Rebecca Erschens, Anne Herrmann-Werner, Mathis Burgdorf, Jonathan Schäfer, Katrin Schüttpelz-Brauns, Kevin Kunz, Tobias Böckers, Teresa Festl-Wietek, Stephan Zipfel, Carla Schröpel","doi":"10.1055/a-2859-5924","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2859-5924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy is an independent medical specialty in Germany, based on a biopsychosocial understanding of disease and characterized by strong core psychotherapeutic competencies. Despite its clinical relevance, little is known about which medical students are interested in this field. Against the background of an aging workforce in the specialty, this study examined associations between educational and psychological characteristics and interest in specialist training in Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a multicenter cross-sectional study, 3,833 prospective and enrolled medical students from five medical faculties in Baden-Württemberg were surveyed. Data collected included specialty preferences, sociodemographic and educational variables, as well as standardized instruments assessing study-related stress (MBI-SS), self-efficacy, conscientiousness (BFI-K), and vocational interests (RIASEC). Analyses were conducted using bivariate tests and logistic regression models to identify relevant associated factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy was selected as a preferred specialty by 6.7% of respondents, ranking 12th out of 16 specialties. Bivariate analyses indicated associations between several variables and interest in Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy. In multivariate analyses, students interested in this specialty were, on average, older (OR=1.11), showed stronger social (OR=1.20) and artistic-linguistic interests (OR=1.22), and lower practical-technical (OR=0.85) and investigative interests (OR=0.92). In addition, they reported lower levels of conscientiousness (OR=0.95), and students in their final clinical year reported such interest less frequently than preclinical students (OR=0.50). Among prospective students, few associations were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings allow for a differentiated description of a previously underexplored subgroup of medical students. The identified characteristics point to a specific profile of vocational interests and selected educational features that is consistent with central professional demands of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy. The results underscore the importance of targeted measures to strengthen the visibility and attractiveness of the specialty within medical education and provide implications for curriculum development and recruitment of future professionals in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":" ","pages":"335-347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148303509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[CHRONIC: A didactically constructed clinical vignette illustrating a digital multimodal self-help program for chronic pain].","authors":"Gentian Bunjaku, Tanja Zimmermann","doi":"10.1055/a-2879-8978","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2879-8978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this article is to provide a conceptual description and clinical illustration of CHRONIC, a web-based multimodal program, by means of a didactically constructed clinical vignette.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We present a clinically typical course of a 47-year-old woman with chronic pain disorder (F45.41), long-standing back and leg pain, pronounced avoidance and protective behavior, and marked restrictions in meaningful activities. CHRONIC is accessed via a browser and provides weekly unlocked video modules with in-session interactive exercises (auto-pause), worksheets, and structured home practice. Mindfulness exercises are provided as audio (up to ~15 minutes), and three physiotherapy units are embedded within the module flow (posture in daily life, dose-adaptable whole-body exercises, safe gait and stance). Brief weekly assessments (past 7 days) are displayed on the dashboard as line graphs of sum scores from selected MPI-D subscales. Written feedback is delivered in-app and via email.</p><p><strong>Clinical illustration: </strong>The vignette illustrates how psychoeducation (biopsychosocial model and vicious cycle of pain), acceptance and defusion strategies, and values-based goal setting can be translated into everyday action while gradually increasing pain-adapted physical activation. Over the 12-week course, the vignette illustrates a possible course toward personally meaningful goals with reduced avoidance and excessive guarding.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This didactically constructed vignette illustrates the intended clinical application and conceptual structure of CHRONIC. The article is hypothesis-generating and does not allow conclusions regarding effectiveness, implementation success, or comparative utility in routine care.</p>","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":" ","pages":"355-360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13481108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148363195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Psychometric Properties of the German Body Image States Scale (BISS)].","authors":"Tabea Vogel, Kristine Schönhals, Manuel Waldorf, Silja Vocks","doi":"10.1055/a-2873-3428","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2873-3428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Given the strong impact of body image on mental health, reliable and valid assessment tools are crucial. Currently, there is no validated German version of the Body Image States Scale (BISS), a measure of momentary (state-like) body image. Therefore, the present study aimed to translate the BISS into German and to psychometrically evaluate this German version.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>An online study (n=548 female, n=41 male, n=36 non-binary/agender) was conducted to assess the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the German-language version of the BISS. To experimentally examine state sensitivity, participants were randomly assigned to imagine a positive body image-related scenario, a negative body image-related scenario, or no scenario.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A confirmatory factor analysis supported a single-factor structure of the BISS. the German-language version demonstrated good internal consistency, state sensitivity, and convergent validity with measures of body satisfaction and eating disorder symptoms.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Overall, the BISS exhibited favorable psychometric properties, suggesting its suitability for use in research and clinical practice within German-speaking contexts. The availability of a validated German BISS facilitates a more accurate assessment of momentary body image fluctuations in clinical and research settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":" ","pages":"348-354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13481115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148284600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Medical Education in Transition? Challenges and Opportunities].","authors":"Laura Inhestern","doi":"10.1055/a-2899-7077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2899-7077","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":"76 8","pages":"333-334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The Role of Caregiver in the Treatment of Depression].","authors":"Nadine Zehender, Elisabeth Schramm","doi":"10.1055/a-2883-3471","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2883-3471","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Caregiver play a central but often underestimated role in the treatment of depression. The stress they experience has a significant impact on the course of the disorder, the risk of relapse, and the success of treatment. Psychoeducation and targeted involvement not only improve the well-being of caregiver but also the prognosis for patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":"76 8","pages":"361-377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Working with Resistance in Analytic and Psychodynamic Psychotherapy: A Qualitative Expert Interview Study].","authors":"Pierre Thomas Schleicher, Christoph Nikendei, Hans-Christoph Friederich, Inka Montan","doi":"10.1055/a-2894-8083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2894-8083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In psychoanalytic theory, resistance is considered - alongside transference and countertransference - a central element of the treatment process. Managing resistance is therefore regarded as a therapeutic core competence. The aim of this study was to explore how psychoanalytic and psychodynamic psychotherapists address resistance in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative expert survey was conducted. Six psychoanalytic and six psychodynamic psychotherapists were interviewed using semi-structured formats. Transcripts were analyzed through qualitative content analysis employing a combined deductive-inductive approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings were organized according to Kaslow's competence framework into knowledge (about resistance), attitude (in contact with resistance), and skills (in the handling of resistance). Within knowledge, therapists emphasized personal conceptualizations of resistance (characteristics, functions, sources) and its distinction from defense. Opinions diverged regarding the applicability of the concept to structural disorders. Attitude referred to therapists' inner resonance with manifestations of resistance and their active engagement with it in the therapeutic relationship. Empathy and a willingness to understand resistance were highlighted as essential. Skills encompassed general principles (working from surface to depth), specific interventions (clarification, confrontation, interpretation), timing of interventions (at first occurrence vs. after repeated manifestations), and approaches with structurally impaired patients. Experts stressed that resistance work must be tailored to patient parameters such as conflict, level of personality functioning, or attachment style.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Consensus was reached on the importance of an appropriate therapeutic attitude, while issues such as timing of interventions and applicability to structural disorders remained contested. No standard intervention could be identified; rather, effective resistance work was seen as needing to \"fit\" the individual patient.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Experts regard resistance work as a clinical core competence comprising knowledge, attitude, and specific skills. Consequently, competence development in this domain should be addressed through practice-based, competence-oriented training formats in psychotherapy training.</p>","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148649453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[AI Chatbots and Suicidality: Implications for Practice].","authors":"Marc Augustin, Ute Lewitzka","doi":"10.1055/a-2898-5139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2898-5139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>OpenAI, the provider of ChatGPT, estimates that approximately 0.15% of weekly active users engage in conversations with the chatbot that contain indications of suicidality. This brief report provides a narrative overview of the risks and potential of generic AI chatbots (e. g., ChatGPT, Gemini) in the context of suicidality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A database search was conducted in February 2026 across PubMed, Google Scholar, arXiv, and medRxiv using relevant search terms (including \"artificial intelligence\", \"chatbot\", \"large language model\", and \"suicide\"). This narrative overview does not claim systematic selection; findings should therefore be interpreted with appropriate caution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Studies indicate that generic AI chatbots responded adequately to suicide-related statements in only approximately 80% of cases, compared to 97% for human therapists. In an evaluation of 29 chatbots, none consistently met the criteria for an adequate crisis response. Safety mechanisms could be circumvented through targeted framing of queries, after which detailed and personalized information on suicide methods was provided. Potential strengths include the finding that AI assessments of suicide risk showed broad agreement with expert opinion in unambiguous cases, and that AI systems may be better able to process heterogeneous data sources for suicide risk assessment. AI chatbots may further offer a low-threshold entry point into crisis intervention through unrestricted availability, absence of waiting times, and anonymous use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Generic AI chatbots cannot be considered sufficiently safe in the context of suicidality. AI use should be systematically assessed as part of the clinical history-taking in cases of suicidality. Looking ahead, purpose-built AI chatbots regulated as medical devices may have the potential to address some of the current limitations.</p>","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148649467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Properties of the Perceived Control Short Scale (PCSS-6): Reliability, Factor Structure, and Measurement Invariance in a Representative Population Sample.","authors":"Judith Hirschmiller, Tamara Schwinn, Jörg Wiltink, Rüdiger Zwerenz, Manfred E Beutel, Elmar Brähler, Gabriele Helga Franke, Leon Julian Olivi, Mareike Ernst","doi":"10.1055/a-2880-5484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2880-5484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Perceived control has been recognized as a crucial factor in adapting to life stressors, yet validated instruments distinguishing primary and secondary control are scarce. This study aimed to validate the Perceived Control Short Scale - 6 Items (PCSS-6) by examining its psychometric properties and associations with mental health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The PCSS-6 was back- and forward-translated and assessed in a representative German population sample (<i>N</i>=2,513). Item characteristics, internal consistency, factor structure, and measurement invariance (configural, metric and scalar) across gender, age, depressive and anxiety symptoms were examined. Association with sociodemographic and mental health variables were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, the item-level completeness was 99.56%, and both subscales showed good internal consistency (McDonald's ω: 0.87-0.94). The two-factor model distinguishing primary and secondary control demonstrated excellent fit and outperformed a one-factor model (<i>p</i><0.001). Full measurement invariance was supported across all tested groups. Higher levels of both primary and secondary control were associated with female gender, lower levels of depression and anxiety as well as suicidal ideation (all <i>p</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings support the theoretical distinction between primary and secondary control and demonstrate that the PCSS-6 provides reliable and comparable assessments across relevant population subgroups. The observed associations with mental health outcomes underscore the potential relevance of both control facets for mental health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PCSS-6 is a nuanced, yet economic valid, and reliable instrument for assessing primary and secondary control. It offers a theory-consistent and efficient tool for future research examining control-related processes as protective factors in mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148377525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Validation of the German-Language Version of the Exteroceptive Body Awareness Questionnaire (EBA-Q)].","authors":"Luca-Leander Wolz, Hannah Lin Quittkat, Fanny Alexandra Dietel, Tanja Hechler, Silja Vocks","doi":"10.1055/a-2747-1657","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2747-1657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>OBJECTIVE: The perception of one's own body through external sensory channels, understood as exteroception, is a central component of various psychological processes and has been associated with different mental disorders. The Exteroceptive Body Awareness Questionnaire (EBA-Q) is an instrument for assessing the ability to perceive one's own body based on exteroceptive signals and to correctly evaluate changes. As no validated German-language version is currently available, the aim of the study was to psychometrically test the German-language version of the EBA-Q.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>METHOD: Based on an online study (N=641; n=517 female, n=113 male, n=11 non-binary*/agender*), we examined the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the German-language version of the EBA-Q. After two weeks, a subsample (n=340) was surveyed again to determine test-retest reliability.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>RESULTS: The originally postulated bifactorial model of the EBA-Q was not confirmed. Instead, a model with an orthogonal general factor and correlated group factors showed acceptable model fit. However, the visuo-tactile awareness subscale showed only weak to inconsistent factor loadings. Multi-group analyses between individuals with and without a mental disorder revealed no differences in the general factor, but significant differences emerged in specific group factors. Internal consistency was good and test-retest reliability proved acceptable. As expected, construct validity analyses showed correlations with measures of public body-awareness and public self-awareness.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>DISCUSSION: Overall, the German-language version of the EBA-Q exhibits adequate psychometric properties. Its use in basic research and clinical practice is therefore recommended, though caution is warranted regarding the visuo-tactile body awareness subscale.</p>","PeriodicalId":47315,"journal":{"name":"Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie","volume":" ","pages":"314-320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145670234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}