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Biased Social Comparison in the Moment of Crisis 危机时刻有偏见的社会比较
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-09-14 DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000495
Wojciech Kulesza, D. Doliński, Paweł Muniak, D. Winner, Kamil Izydorczak, Ali Derakhshan, A. Rizulla
{"title":"Biased Social Comparison in the Moment of Crisis","authors":"Wojciech Kulesza, D. Doliński, Paweł Muniak, D. Winner, Kamil Izydorczak, Ali Derakhshan, A. Rizulla","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/a000495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000495","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The better-than-average effect (BTAE) is a mechanism where people perceive oneself as better than others. The BTAE could be one of the phenomena explaining why people follow – in the moment of a global health crisis – guidelines (“I am superior to others, and I [will]) take extra precautions, e.g., a vaccine shot”). In this paper, we investigate the BTAE with 3,066 respondents. In Study 1, in all countries, across two measurements in time, the BTAE was present: Participants rated their involvement in self-protection as greater in comparison to others. Study 2 replicated this effect, proving its robustness. Participants estimated their willingness to vaccinate as higher than others. The BTAE was a significant predictor of willingness to vaccinate.","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79399834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Early Adolescent Cognitive and Affective Empathy 早期青少年认知和情感共情
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000499
Cody Dillon-Owens, Danielle Findley-Van Nostrand, Tiina Ojanen, Christopher Buchholz, Olivia M. Valdes
{"title":"Early Adolescent Cognitive and Affective Empathy","authors":"Cody Dillon-Owens, Danielle Findley-Van Nostrand, Tiina Ojanen, Christopher Buchholz, Olivia M. Valdes","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/a000499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000499","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Cognitive and affective empathy have diverging relations to social–emotional adjustment. However, particularly during adolescence, these associations are not thoroughly understood. Using the Basic Empathy Scale (BES), we examined cognitive and affective empathy (including emotional contagion and emotional disconnection) in association with social–emotional adjustment (negative affect, shyness, social self-efficacy, friendship quality, and peer victimization) in early adolescents ( N = 321). Cognitive empathy and emotional contagion showed divergent links (cognitive empathy was related to positive adjustment, while emotional contagion was related to negative adjustment but also higher friendship quality). Emotional disconnection was negatively associated with social self-efficacy, supporting affective empathy as having multiple factors itself. The findings further validate the BES as a three-factor measure and have implications for understanding social–emotional adjustment in youth.","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77483433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Perceived Economic Inequality Measures and Their Association With Objective Inequality and Redistributive Preferences 感知经济不平等措施及其与客观不平等和再分配偏好的关系
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000498
J. D. García-Castro, Efraín García‐Sánchez, G. Willis, J. Castillo, Rosa Rodríguez-Bailón
{"title":"Perceived Economic Inequality Measures and Their Association With Objective Inequality and Redistributive Preferences","authors":"J. D. García-Castro, Efraín García‐Sánchez, G. Willis, J. Castillo, Rosa Rodríguez-Bailón","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/a000498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000498","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Perceptions of economic inequality (PEI) play a central role in people’s responses to inequality. We aim to examine the consistency between different PEI measures (income gaps, diagrammatic figures, experienced downward and upward disparities), their relationship with objective inequality, and their association with redistributive preferences. Using data from the International Social Survey Programme 2019 ( N = 34,387, 22 countries), we performed multilevel regression analyses and found that PEI indicators were weakly and positively correlated, suggesting that they represent different dimensions of the same construct. Furthermore, objective inequality was not related to PEI measures. Finally, all PEI measures were positively associated with support for redistribution, except for experienced upward inequality. We discuss the multidimensional nature of PEI and its implications on redistributive preferences.","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81470267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Visuospatial and Affective Perspective-Taking 视觉空间和情感换位思考
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000504
T. Erle, Friederike Funk
{"title":"Visuospatial and Affective Perspective-Taking","authors":"T. Erle, Friederike Funk","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/a000504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000504","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Perspective-taking is the ability to intuit another person’s mental state. Historically, cognitive and affective perspective-taking are distinguished from visuospatial perspective-taking because the content these processes operate on is too dissimilar. However, all three share functional similarities. Following recent research showing relations between cognitive and visuospatial perspective-taking, this article explores links between visuospatial and affective perspective-taking. Data of three preregistered experiments suggest that visuospatial perspective-taking does not improve emotion recognition speed and only slightly increases emotion recognition accuracy (Experiment 1), yet visuospatial perspective-taking increases the perceived intensity of emotional expressions (Experiment 2), as well as the emotional contagiousness of negative emotions (Experiment 3). The implications of these findings for content-based, cognitive, and functional taxonomies of perspective-taking and related processes are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75848422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Automatic Activation of Age Stereotypes 年龄刻板印象的自动激活
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000503
Tingting Huang, K. Rothermund
{"title":"Automatic Activation of Age Stereotypes","authors":"Tingting Huang, K. Rothermund","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/a000503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000503","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The current study investigated category-based activation of stereotypes when processing of the category primes is mandatory. In three high-powered pre-registered experiments (total n = 211), we compared responses to age-stereotypic traits (e.g., lonely) after presenting matching versus mismatching category primes (old vs. young faces) of which the age information had to be remembered. Experiments varied in stimulus-onset asynchronies (SOA; 250 ms vs. 500 ms) and in the inclusion of neutral conditions of prime and target factors. Consistently across all experiments, no facilitation of matching category primes was observed, indicating that category information alone does not facilitate processing of matching stereotypes even if it is attended. The theoretical and practical implications for activation and representation of stereotypes are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80318599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Causal Attributions of Happiness and Critical Events 幸福和关键事件的因果归因
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-08-02 DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000484
Francisco Olivos, Pablo Olivos-Jara, Emilio Moyano-Díaz
{"title":"Causal Attributions of Happiness and Critical Events","authors":"Francisco Olivos, Pablo Olivos-Jara, Emilio Moyano-Díaz","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/a000484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000484","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This study extends the literature on people’s understanding of happiness by asking whether positive and negative events could affect the causal attributions of what makes others happy. Using a factorial survey applied to a representative and probabilistic sample of Chileans, we examined three central causal attributions deeply rooted in Latin American folk culture. The results show that the positive family causal attribution of others’ happiness is reinforced by both negative and positive events that happened to the observer. Moreover, the attributions of health and income are unchanged. Finally, we discussed how this study contributes to understanding people’s causal attributions by examining how they are modified by critical events that affect the observer.","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85596766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Together to Welcome, Together to Exclude 一起欢迎，一起排斥
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000497
M. Marinucci, D. Mazzoni, Nicolas Aureli, Valeria De Cristofaro, S. E. Shamloo, Antonella Guarino, Ivanova Tzankova
{"title":"Together to Welcome, Together to Exclude","authors":"M. Marinucci, D. Mazzoni, Nicolas Aureli, Valeria De Cristofaro, S. E. Shamloo, Antonella Guarino, Ivanova Tzankova","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/a000497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000497","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This preregistered study examined whether positive and negative intergroup contact with migrants relates to collective action supporting and opposing migrants as well as to interpersonal exclusion toward them via the key processes identified in the Social Identity Model of Collective Action. Structural equation models conducted on cross-sectional data from 506 Italian and English participants showed that positive (negative) contact related to higher (lower) collective inclusion and lower (higher) collective and interpersonal exclusion of migrants via group anger, identification, and efficacy. Considering positive and negative contact, collective action pro and against migrants and interpersonal behaviors simultaneously, this study provided a nuanced picture of the antecedents and processes underlying the advantaged group members’ behaviors toward migrants.","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74043119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Attitudes Toward Civil Liberties and Rights Among Politically Charged Online Groups 网上政治团体对公民自由和权利的态度
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000496
A. Fasce, Diego Avendaño
{"title":"Attitudes Toward Civil Liberties and Rights Among Politically Charged Online Groups","authors":"A. Fasce, Diego Avendaño","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/a000496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000496","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Civil liberties and rights such as freedom of expression, press, thought, religion, association, lifestyle, and equality against the law are being subjected to controversies in Western countries. We developed two hypotheses aimed at explaining divergent attitudes toward civil liberties among politically charged online communities on each side of the political spectrum. A study using a cross-sectional sample of social media users ( N = 902) suggests that, as expected by our hypotheses, support for civil liberties tend to be higher among online groups of rightists – with economic conservatism being the only direct positive predictor and left-wing authoritarianism being a strong negative predictor. These results are discussed in relation to polarization over civil liberties and perceived power imbalances between online groups.","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77662198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A Cross-Cultural Replication on Humanness Attribution 人性归因的跨文化复制
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000494
M. Bettinsoli, M. Formanowicz
{"title":"A Cross-Cultural Replication on Humanness Attribution","authors":"M. Bettinsoli, M. Formanowicz","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/a000494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000494","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Previous research showed that targets achieving (vs. not) a goal were ascribed more humanness. We conceptually replicate previous studies by involving a population of English and Arabic speakers to test cross-cultural replicability of the effect and the contribution of sensorimotor systems in agency representation. Participants ( Ntot = 637) saw animations, where goal achievement and trajectory were manipulated. They evaluated agency, communion, humanness, and attitudes (respect and liking) toward presented targets. Goal achievement versus failure but not movement trajectory increased agency and communion ratings, which in turn affected humanness, respect, and liking (Study 1 and Study 2). Goal manipulation also directly affected humanness ratings (Study 2). Altogether, our findings suggest a superior role of success over trajectory manipulation in perceiving inanimate objects as having humanness.","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83367396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Bullying and Conspiracy Theories 欺凌和阴谋论
IF 1.8 4区 心理学
Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000492
D. Jolley, A. Lantian
{"title":"Bullying and Conspiracy Theories","authors":"D. Jolley, A. Lantian","doi":"10.1027/1864-9335/a000492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000492","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Experiences of bullying in the workplace can increase anxiety, paranoia, and hypervigilance to threat in victims. Such factors are also associated with conspiracy beliefs. Two preregistered studies (cross-sectional and experimental) tested whether bullying experiences may be linked to the development of conspiracy beliefs. Study 1 ( n = 273) demonstrated that experiences of workplace bullying were positively associated with conspiracy beliefs, an effect that could be explained by paranoia. In Study 2 ( n = 206), participants who imagined being bullied (vs. supported) reported increased belief in conspiracy theories. Our research uncovers another antecedent of conspiracy beliefs: workplace bullying. Future research should endeavor to explore how best to support victims and avert the link between being bullied and conspiracy theorizing emerging.","PeriodicalId":47278,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84724975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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