Perspectives in Public Health最新文献

{"title":"A process evaluation of Promotional Guides used by health visitors to support men's transition to fatherhood: a qualitative study.","authors":"S Baldwin, M Malone, J Sandall, D Bick","doi":"10.1177/17579139221118243","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17579139221118243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Health visitors play an important role in supporting new parents in their transition to parenthood. A programme known as the Promotional Guide system is used by many health visitors in England with mothers and fathers to support this transition, but there is little known about health visitors' views of the Promotional Guides, how they are used in practice or barriers to effective implementation with fathers.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this study was to explore the following: (1) health visitors' use of Promotional Guides with fathers, (2) health visitors' assessment of father's mental health and wellbeing and (3) facilitators and barriers to using Promotional Guides in practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective observational cohort study and a process evaluation informed by the Medical Research Council guidance were conducted. A purposive sample of 11 health visitors was interviewed, and an additional seven were observed using the Promotional Guides in practice. Data were analysed using framework analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five main themes were identified from interview and observational data as follows: (1) Enquiry into fathers' mental health, (2) Promotional Guides in practice, (3) health visitors' perceptions of the Promotional Guides system, (4) barriers to using Promotional Guides with fathers and (5) facilitators and recommendations for using Promotional Guides with fathers. This study identified a number of barriers and facilitators to the use of Promotional Guides with fathers. Recommendations were made for improving services for first-time fathers, implementing the Promotional Guide system with fathers and highlighting areas for future research.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study considered the acceptability, feasibility and fidelity of using the Promotional Guide programme with fathers from the health visitor's perspective. The findings provided an insight into health visitors' experiences of working with fathers, inquiring about men's mental health needs and their use of the Promotional Guides with men during the perinatal period.</p>","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33449525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How do we measure unmet need within sexual and reproductive health? A systematic review.","authors":"D Solomon, M Cabecinha, J Gibbs, F Burns, C A Sabin","doi":"10.1177/17579139221118778","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17579139221118778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Addressing health inequality with sexual and reproductive health requires an understanding of unmet need within a range of populations. This review examined the methods and definitions that have been used to measure unmet need, and the populations most frequently assessed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Health Management and Policy Database (HMIC)) were searched for studies that described quantitative measurement of unmet need within sexual and/or reproductive health between 2010 and 2021. A narrative synthesis was then undertaken to ascertain themes within the literature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The database search yielded 19,747 papers; 216 papers were included after screening. 190 studies assessed unmet reproductive health need, of which 137 were analyses of trends among people living in low/lower-middle income countries; 181 used cross-sectional data, with only nine analyses being longitudinal. Eighteen studies analysed unmet sexual health need, of which 12 focused on high and upper-middle income populations. 16 papers used cross-sectional analyses. The remaining 10 studies examined unmet need for a combination of sexual and reproductive health services, eight among populations from upper-middle or high income countries. All were cross-sectional analyses. 165 studies used the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) definition of unmet need; no other standardised definition was used among the remaining papers.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>There is a significant focus on unmet need for contraception among women in low income countries within the published literature, leaving considerable evidence gaps in relation to unmet need within sexual health generally and among men in particular, and unmet reproductive health need in high income settings. In addition, using an increased range of data collection methods, analyses and definitions of unmet need would enable better understanding of health inequality in this area.</p>","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10916345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40372271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'When the bedbugs come, that's another problem': exploring the lived experiences of bedbug infestations among low-income older adults and service providers who support them.","authors":"C L Sheppard, B Roche, A Austen, S L Hitzig","doi":"10.1177/17579139221118777","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17579139221118777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Older adults in low-income housing communities are more vulnerable to bedbug infestations. Prior research, however, has predominately focused on the effectiveness of integrated pest-management strategies, with little attention given to the lived experiences of tenants struggling with infestations. We used a qualitative approach to explore what it is like to live with and treat bedbug infestations from the perspectives of low-income older adults and service providers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants included low-income older adults (<i>n</i> = 58) and service providers (<i>n</i> = 58) who offer supports directly in the buildings. Semi-structured qualitative interviews and focus groups were used to explore the challenges of preparing and treating units for bedbugs, and examine how bedbugs impact access to support services.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bedbugs were a widespread issue, and underlying physical, mental, social, and financial challenges made it difficult for older tenants to prepare their units and access treatment. Tenants also faced bedbug stigma from community services, as many were unwilling to provide services in infested units. Although some service providers utilized strategies to minimize exposure, many were concerned these strategies created additional stigma.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings highlight an urgent need to increase public health funding to support older adults with the costs of bedbug elimination and to enhance pest-management strategies through partnerships with health and social service agencies to improve outcomes for older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10916340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40372270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outbreaks of COVID-19 in indoor places of worship: a systematic review.","authors":"F Bert, G Lo Moro, A Peano, C Previti, R Siliquini","doi":"10.1177/17579139221118218","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17579139221118218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This review aimed to describe what has been published on COVID-19 outbreaks originating from indoor places of worship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist by searching PubMed, Scopus and Embase from 1 January 2020 to 29 March 2021. Citation chasing was also performed. Studies with information about COVID-19 outbreaks originating in indoor places of worship of any religion were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 9729 records were identified and 36 were selected. The articles reported 119 descriptions of outbreaks linked to churches, mosques, synagogues, and temples, referring to approximately 52-74 unique outbreaks. The outbreaks were mostly located in three major areas: East and Southeast Asia (46%), the USA (27%), Europe (22%). All the outbreaks began in 2020. Mainly, there were no restrictive measures, or such measures were not followed at the time of the outbreak. Choir practices presented the highest attack rate (up to 0.867).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The lack of preventive measures and the role of singing practices were highlighted. Reports were often lacking contact tracing and sometimes did not report the date of outbreak extinction. Moreover, reports came from few geographical areas. Thus, the impact of transmission in places of worship may be largely underestimated.</p>","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33448813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness and health-related quality of life in primary school children in England: the mediating role of psychological correlates of physical activity.","authors":"A Solera-Sanchez, D L Christian, M R Beltran-Valls, M Adelantado-Renau, R Martin-Smith, M J MacDonald, R Tyler, S J Fairclough","doi":"10.1177/17579139221118771","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17579139221118771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aims were (1) to analyse the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between children's cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and (2) to examine whether these associations were mediated by physical activity self-efficacy and physical activity enjoyment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved 383 children (10.0 ± 0.5 years) recruited from 20 primary schools in northwest England. Data were collected on two occasions 12 weeks apart. The number of laps completed in the 20-m Shuttle Run Test was used as the CRF indicator. HRQoL was assessed using the KIDSCREEN-10 questionnaire. Physical activity self-efficacy and enjoyment were assessed with the social-cognitive and Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale questionnaires, respectively. Linear mixed models with random intercepts (schools) assessed associations between CRF and HRQoL cross-sectionally, and longitudinally. Boot-strapped mediation procedures were performed, and indirect effects (IE) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) not including zero considered as statistically significant. Analyses were adjusted for sex, time of the year, socioeconomic status, waist-to-height ratio, maturation, and physical activity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CRF was cross-sectionally associated with HRQoL (β = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.02, 0.16; <i>p</i> = .015). In the longitudinal analysis, CRF at baseline was associated with HRQoL at 12 weeks after additionally controlling for baseline HRQoL (β = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.002; <i>p</i> = .15, <i>p</i> = .045). Cross-sectionally, physical activity self-efficacy and enjoyment acted individually as mediators in the relationship between CRF and HRQoL (IE = 0.069, 95% CI = 0.038; <i>p</i> = .105 and IE = 0.045, 95% CI = 0.016; <i>p</i> = .080, respectively). In the longitudinal analysis, physical activity self-efficacy showed a significant mediating effect (IE = 0.025, 95% CI = 0.004; <i>p</i> = .054).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings highlight the influence of CRF on children's psychological correlates of physical activity and their overall HRQoL.</p>","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33528279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial.","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/17579139241235250","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17579139241235250","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140144288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing midwives' conversations about smoking and referral to specialist support: a qualitative study informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework.","authors":"Nicky Knowles, Megan Elliott, Alice Cline, Helen Poole","doi":"10.1177/17579139241231213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17579139241231213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this study was to identify factors influencing midwives' conversations about smoking, and referral to specialist smoking cessation services, using an evidence-based theoretical framework.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semi-structured, qualitative interviews were undertaken with community midwives employed within one health board region of Wales. Deductive framework analysis was employed by coding data to the domains of the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and then identifying themes within domains and across participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven midwives took part in the study. 13, out of a possible 14 domains, were mapped from the TDF. Key enablers to conversations and referrals include knowledge of the risks of smoking in pregnancy, congruence with the professional identity of a midwife, and the use of carbon monoxide monitors in initiating conversations and referrals. Limited knowledge of the specialist service, confusion about the opt-out pathway, varied skills in communicating and engaging with women, low confidence in ability to influence women's decisions, limited appointment times, and competing priorities were identified as barriers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Midwives recognise the importance of their role within the provision of smoking cessation advice and referral to specialist services. While there are continued time pressures and competing priorities for midwives, enhancing skills and confidence in collaborative, empowering approaches to addressing smoking would further support in optimising the uptake of maternity smoking cessation support. This could also enhance conversations about other public health issues such diet, physical activity, and alcohol use.</p>","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139913690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dying whilst on probation: a scoping review of mortality amongst those under community justice supervision.","authors":"S E Perrett, C Craddock, B J Gray","doi":"10.1177/17579139231223714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17579139231223714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Data suggest mortality rates of those under community justice services such as probation or parole have been increasing year on year. Little is known about why and how these individuals are dying. This scoping review explores the causes and contributing factors of mortality in those under community justice supervision.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Studies published between 2011 and 2021 were identified across CINAHL, Embase, Global Health, Ovid Medline and PsycINFO. Articles were included if they presented original data on either mortality rates among those under community justice supervision or risk factors associated with the mortality of those under community justice supervision.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Searches identified 101 unique articles of which 13 were included in the review. Articles were representative of five countries. All articles were either retrospective reviews or retrospective cohort studies. The studies fell into the categories of all-cause mortality, self-inflicted deaths or drug-related deaths.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mortality rates of those under community justice supervision were found to be consistently higher than mortality rates for the general population regardless of cause of death. Factors identified as affecting mortality included history of drug use, history of self-harm and previous imprisonment including length of time in custody and experience of hospitalisation or solitary confinement while in custody.</p>","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139643127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embedded researchers in public health: a critical assessment.","authors":"J Woodall, A J Potts, Ssj Brown","doi":"10.1177/17579139231223711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17579139231223711","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139567526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social capital, food insecurity, and health outcomes in the US during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Y Choi, H H Kim","doi":"10.1177/17579139221106339","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17579139221106339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The purpose of this study was first, to investigate the harmful effects of food insufficiency on health outcomes - self-rated health (SRH) and self-assessed depressive symptoms - during the COVID-19 pandemic and, second, to test whether these effects fluctuated across the US in terms of state-level social capital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were drawn from the Census Household Pulse Survey (fielded between April 2020 and February 2021) consisting of community-dwelling American adults (N = 1.5M+). Social capital measures were taken from the 'Social Capital Project' sponsored by the US Congress. We estimated three-level mixed effects models to analyze multiple waves of repeated cross-sectional surveys.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Post-COVID-19 food insufficiency was significantly negatively associated with SRH and positively associated depression, adjusting for controls including food insufficiency prior to the onset of the pandemic. These relationships were also more pronounced in areas with higher aggregate social capital.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The health burdens of the new coronavirus disease have fallen disproportionately on the economically marginalized, as measured by food insufficiency. Contrary to the conventional literature, living in a state with a greater stock of social capital worsened its health effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":47256,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40506685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}