Saudi Dental Journal最新文献

{"title":"Bacterial cellulose-enhanced MTA versus conventional MTA for indirect pulp capping in primary teeth: a randomized controlled clinical trial.","authors":"V Lalitha Priya, Kavitha Ramar","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00155-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00155-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the clinical and radiographic success rates of bacterial cellulose-reinforced MTA (BC-MTA) and conventional MTA in indirect pulp capping (IPT) treatment of primary teeth. A total of 40 primary molars diagnosed for IPT were randomly allocated into two groups: Group I (BC-MTA, n = 20) and Group II (Conventional MTA, n = 20). IPT procedures were carried out under aseptic conditions following local anesthesia, and teeth were restored with glass ionomer cement (GIC). Follow-up evaluations were performed clinically and radiographically at 3 and 9 months postoperatively. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20, applying descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and independent t-tests (p < 0.05). At the end of 9 months, 75% of cases reported complete pain relief. Internal root resorption was observed in two teeth in Group I. Overall success rates at 9 months were 88.23% for BC-MTA and 100% for conventional MTA. Both BC-MTA and MTA showed favorable and comparable outcomes in IPT of primary teeth. While BC-MTA demonstrates potential due to its biocompatibility and improved handling characteristics, further studies are needed to validate its long-term clinical efficacy.Trial Registration: Ethical clearance was granted by SRM University IEC (SRMIEC-ST0323-442) and registered retrospectively in CTRI (CTRI/2024/12/077670).</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13053730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147624080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of restoration protocols on the fracture resistance of root canal treated anterior teeth: an in vitro study.","authors":"Samar Yasir Ahmed Mohamed, Mohamed Adel Eldemellawy, Fatma Adel Mohamed Ahmed","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00149-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00149-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the fracture resistance of endodontically treated maxillary central incisors restored with various post-and-core configurations and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) resin composite crowns. Additionally, it assessed whether restoration design influences mechanical performance. Twenty-one maxillary central incisors underwent endodontic treatment and were allocated into three groups (n = 7). The FRCP group received a fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) post with a composite core; the NRCC group received a nanoparticle zirconia-reinforced composite core alone; and the FRCC group received an FRC core alone. Following fabrication of CAD/CAM resin-composite crowns, the specimens underwent 10,000 thermal cycles. Specimens were loaded to failure in a universal testing machine, and fracture patterns were examined under a stereomicroscope. Restoration type significantly influenced fracture resistance (p = 0.014). Mean fracture loads were 612.36 ± 87.80 Newtons (N) for FRCP, 516.98 ± 80.34 N for NRCC, and 465.65 ± 84.95 N for FRCC. The fiber post-composite core configuration exhibited higher fracture resistance compared to composite core materials alone. However, all groups withstand loads exceeding typical anterior biting forces, suggesting that reinforced composite cores may serve as viable alternatives for restoring endodontically treated maxillary central incisors.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13046902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147595500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retention of lithium disilicate and translucent zirconia veneers bonded with light-cured resin cements: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Osama Hajeer, Rami Alyousef, JadAlKarim AlKadour, Amal Hasan","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00156-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00156-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Light-cured resin cements are widely used for veneer cementation due to their color stability and extended working time. However, polymerization through ceramic materials may be influenced by ceramic composition, thickness, and bonding substrate, potentially affecting bond strength. A quantitative comparison between lithium disilicate and translucent zirconia veneers under light-cured protocols remains limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the bond strength of lithium disilicate and translucent zirconia veneers luted with light-cured resin cements and to evaluate the influence of substrate type and veneer thickness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Six in vitro studies (64 specimens) met inclusion criteria. Random-effects models using restricted maximum likelihood estimation with Hartung-Knapp adjustment were applied. Subgroup analyses were performed according to ceramic material and substrate. An exploratory meta-regression assessed the association between veneer thickness and bond strength.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pooled mean bond strength across all studies was 15.9 MPa. Lithium disilicate veneers demonstrated higher pooled bond strength (25.4 MPa) than translucent zirconia (12.1 MPa). Enamel substrates showed higher bond strength (21.1 MPa) compared with composite cores (11.3 MPa). Considerable heterogeneity was observed (I² = 98.2%). Meta-regression suggested an inverse trend between veneer thickness and bond strength; however, this finding was based on a limited dataset and should be interpreted cautiously.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Within the limitations of in vitro evidence, lithium disilicate and enamel bonding were associated with higher bond strength under light-cured cementation. Due to substantial heterogeneity and limited study numbers, these findings should be considered exploratory and not directly extrapolated to clinical performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13035973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147582643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UV-spectrometric study of antibiotic long-term release by different osteoplastic materials used in dentistry.","authors":"Iurii Mochalov, Bohdan Mykhailychenko, Vasyl Biganych, Liudmyla Karpchuk, Alla Kizim","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00152-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00152-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nowadays, the development and improvement of osteoplastic materials containing antibiotics as long-term controlled-release systems represent a promising direction in bioactive dental practice. To evaluate the relative capacity of different osteoplastic materials used in oral surgery and clinical dental practice to accumulate and subsequently release antibiotics after exposure to antibiotic solutions, using spectrometric analysis. 3 osteoplastic materials \"Biomin GT\" (\"Rapid\", Ukraine), \"easy-graft CLASSIC 150\" (\"Regenity Biosciences\", USA), and \"InterOss\" (1-2 mm) (\"SigmaGraft\", USA) were immersed in 4 antibiotic aqueous solutions (5.0% ofloxacin, 5.0% metronidazole, 4.0% gentamicin sulfate, and 5.0% chloramphenicol) during 24 h and dried later. UV-spectrometric studies were performed to quantify the release of antibiotics into sterile saline on the 2nd, 5th, 10th, and 30th day. Evaluated osteoplastic materials released different volumes of the antibiotics. Samples of osteoplastic materials (after prior immersion in antibiotic solutions) can serve as systems for long-term release of antibacterial substances (up to 30 days). However, the levels of accumulation and release differ across materials and active substances. The highest levels of antibiotic release (and accumulation, respectively) were observed for \"Easy GRAFT\" - 6.07 ± 5.84 (M = 3.49) mg per 1 g of osteoplastic material. Among the antibiotics, the highest rate was for gentamicin sulfate - 10.67 ± 3.57 (M = 8.67) mg per 1 g, whereas chloramphenicol showed 3.11 ± 0.48 (M = 3.01) mg per 1 g of material. The interaction between osteoplastic material and various antibiotics requires further clarification and verification at both the experimental and clinical levels. Release curves for the studied antibiotics from various osteoplastic materials were obtained over a one-month period. The ability of dental osteoplastic materials to accumulate antibiotics within their mass has been demonstrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13033006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147575839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between frankfurt horizontal-referenced vertical position of the maxillary first molar and mandibular asymmetry: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Bekir Osmanov, Pavlo Burlakov, Andrii Kopchak","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00163-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00163-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Facial symmetry is a key determinant of aesthetic balance and functional harmony. Unilateral vertical discrepancies in the maxillary dentition, particularly side-to-side discrepancy in the FH-referenced vertical position of the maxillary first molar (U6), has been hypothesized to be associated with functional mandibular deviation and skeletal asymmetry. However, the relationship between localized dentoalveolar vertical discrepancy and mandibular morphology remains poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-seven patients aged 16-35 years with mandibular asymmetry ≥ 2 mm on MSCT, operationally defined as a side-to-side difference in total mandibular length (ΔCo-Go-Gn) ≥ 2 mm, were included. Three-dimensional cephalometric analysis was performed using ProPlan CMF (Materialise, Belgium). Four variants of the Frankfort horizontal (FH) plane (FH1-FH4) were constructed to evaluate the influence of reference-plane definition on the measurements. Mandibular asymmetry was quantified by differences in ramus length (Co-Go), body length (Go-Gn), and total side length (Co-Go-Gn). The primary independent variable was the vertical discrepancy between FH and U6 (ΔFH-U6). In addition, a control group of patients (n = 63) with mandibular asymmetry (ΔCo-Go-Gn) < 2 mm was included for between-group comparison of ΔFH-U6.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Weak positive correlations were observed between ΔFH-U6 and mandibular asymmetry indices, particularly ΔCo-Go and ΔCo-Go-Gn (Spearman's ρ = 0.21-0.28). ΔFH-U6 differed across FH-plane definitions (Friedman test, p = 0.012), but correlation estimates were comparable across FH constructions. However, the observed correlations were small, and none of the primary correlations remained statistically significant after Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment. Patients with mandibular asymmetry ≥ 2 mm showed a slightly greater ΔFH-U6 than controls with asymmetry < 2 mm (median [IQR]: 0.9 [0.45-1.75] mm vs 0.8 [0.2-1.3] mm; Mann-Whitney U test, p = 0.049).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FH-referenced vertical discrepancy of the maxillary first molar may show a small exploratory association with mandibular asymmetry and was slightly greater in patients with clinically relevant mandibular asymmetry than in controls.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13033002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147575825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-office tooth bleaching protocols: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses on whitening efficacy and tooth sensitivity.","authors":"Osama Hajeer, Amal Hasan","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00159-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00159-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In-office tooth bleaching is widely used for rapid aesthetic improvement, but the clinical value of protocol variations-such as peroxide concentration, light activation, gel application methods, and desensitizing strategies-remains uncertain. This umbrella review synthesized systematic reviews and meta-analyses evaluating the effects of in-office bleaching protocols on whitening efficacy and tooth sensitivity. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from database inception to January 2026. Eligible studies were systematic reviews or meta-analyses assessing in-office bleaching of vital permanent teeth in adults. Methodological quality was assessed using AMSTAR-2, and certainty of evidence for major clinical questions was evaluated using GRADE. Due to protocol heterogeneity, findings were synthesized narratively with emphasis on results from higher-quality reviews. Twenty-four systematic reviews were included. Moderate-certainty evidence indicated that low-to-medium hydrogen peroxide concentrations (≈25-35%) produce whitening outcomes comparable to higher concentrations while reducing tooth sensitivity. Light activation (LED, halogen, or laser) generally did not improve whitening efficacy and may increase sensitivity. A recent meta-analysis suggested that violet-light activation combined with carbamide peroxide may enhance whitening without increasing sensitivity; however, supporting evidence remains limited. Single gel application protocols showed similar whitening outcomes to repeated gel renewals, with a tendency toward lower sensitivity. Desensitizing agents, particularly potassium nitrate and sodium fluoride, consistently reduced sensitivity without affecting whitening efficacy. Moderate peroxide concentrations, simplified gel application strategies, and desensitizing approaches may optimize in-office bleaching while minimizing sensitivity. Evidence supporting light activation and photobiomodulation remains limited, highlighting the need for well-designed randomized clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13031690/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147533512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of xerostomia and its impacts on oral health in type 2 diabetic patients at a Nigerian tertiary hospital: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Oluwadolapo Gbemi Adekanmbi, Omolara Gbonjubola Uti, Olutola Mary Eweka, Oluwarotimi Bolaji Olopade","doi":"10.1007/s44445-025-00105-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-025-00105-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes mellitus is globally prevalent and associated with significant health and socioeconomic burden. Xerostomia (Dry Mouth) occurs in about four-fifths of type 2 diabetic patients. Xerostomia has been shown to affect oral health-related quality of life in people affected by the condition. To determine the prevalence of xerostomia and its oral health impact among type 2 diabetic patients attending the diabetic outpatient clinic in a Nigerian tertiary hospital. The study was a cross-sectional study which involved 220 adult patients of both genders attending the diabetic outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital in south-west Nigeria, who were assessed with the Xerostomia Inventory and the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). The saliva test kits by GC Corporation were used to assess xerostomia further. There were 96 males and 124 females. The mean age was 61.67 years ± 11.6, and the age range was 35 to 86 years. There was no statistical significance in the association between age (p = 0.459) and gender (p = 0.088) and xerostomia. The prevalence of xerostomia was 27.7%, and it significantly impacted all domains of the OHIP-14 (p = 0.001). The domains of physical disability and physical pain were most affected, with a median score of 4.0 (p = 0.001). This study reports that approximately a fourth of type 2 diabetic patients experience xerostomia, which significantly impacts their oral health-related quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13018491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary glutathione versus selenium as an oral cancer risk biomarker: A case-control study.","authors":"Remilekun T Oluwakuyide, Afolake S Salami, Abdulwarith O Akinshipo, Olajumoke A Effiom, Oluseyi F Ajayi, Osaretin A T Ebuehi, Onatolu Odukoya","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00140-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44445-026-00140-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common oral cancer worldwide, with a high mortality that is associated with a delay in diagnosis, especially in areas with poorly developed health infrastructure. The purpose of this study is to determine if salivary glutathione and selenium levels are significantly different between oral cancer patients and healthy subjects. Levels of salivary glutathione, a biomarker of oxidative stress seen in oral cancer and selenium, which augments its function, were compared in healthy low-risk (control), healthy high-risk and oral cancer patients. A reduced level of glutathione was found in oral cancer cases (5.047 ± 0.5115 µM) compared to healthy high-risk patients (5.273 ± 0.3240 µM) and healthy low-risk control subjects (5.618 ± 0.5213 µM), while salivary selenium levels were elevated in oral cancer and healthy high-risk groups compared to healthy low-risk controls. Salivary glutathione level could be a predictor of risk of oral cancer and as a marker for assessment of the effectiveness of management of oral cancer cases, towards improved patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Effect of Saliva Contamination at Different Time Intervals on Micro-Shear Bond Strength of Dentin with Immediate Dentin Sealing.","authors":"Salehe Sekandari, Pouria Bashian, Hamideh Sadat Mohammadipour, Ziba Shirkhani Kelagari, Fatemeh Sekandari, Zahra Ari Tabarestani","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00143-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00143-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The immediate dentin sealing (IDS) approach involves sealing the dentin immediately after tooth preparation and before impression taking. This in vitro study aimed to investigate the effect of saliva contamination at various time intervals on the micro-shear bond strength (µSBS) of dentin sealed using a three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The occlusal coronal third of 40 intact third molars was removed, and IDS was applied using the three-step adhesive OptiBond FL. The bonded samples were divided into four groups and exposed to non-stimulating natural saliva for 0, 7, 14, and 30 days. After saliva exposure, the teeth were rinsed, and the IDS surfaces were conditioned with 50 µm alumina particles for 5 seconds. The standard adhesive procedure was then followed, and resin composite restoration was applied. µSBS was measured using a universal testing machine, and failure modes were recorded. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk and ANOVA tests (α < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest bond strength was observed in the control group (25.32 ± 6.70 MPa), while the lowest was in the group exposed to saliva for 30 days (21.93 ± 3.26 MPa). However, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups (P = 0.308). The predominant failure mode in all samples, except for one specimen in the control group, which exhibited mixed failure, was adhesive.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Within the limitations of this in vitro study, saliva contamination for up to 30 days did not significantly affect the µSBS of dentin samples sealed using the IDS method. However, long-term clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13013870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new tooth size determination method based on the maxillary canine using facial proportions as a reference: the Abay ratio - a retrospective study.","authors":"Feridun Abay, Serkan Özkan","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00123-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00123-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate estimation of tooth size is essential for achieving esthetic and functional harmony in orthodontic and restorative treatments. However, traditional analyses like Bolton's do not account for facial proportions, limiting individualized planning. This study investigates the relationship between tooth dimensions and facial measurements-including orbital, nasal, maxillary, and intermolar widths-in the Turkish population, aiming to support clinicians in achieving optimal esthetic outcomes. A retrospective analysis was conducted using dental scans and radiographs of orthodontic patients treated at Ordu University between January 2018 and July 2024. Inclusion criteria required healthy teeth with no restorations, caries, or anomalies, and a balanced facial appearance without prior orthodontic treatment. Digital intraoral scans were performed with the 3Shape TRIOS 3 scanner, and measurements were analyzed using Orthoanalyzer software. Cephalometric and anteroposterior radiographs assessed facial proportions. Statistical analyses, including One-Way ANOVA and Pearson Correlation tests, were performed using NCSS 2007 software, with significance set at p < 0.01. Data from 304 subjects (136 males, 168 females, mean age 18.31 years) were analyzed. Measurements included mandibular width, maxillary width, facial width, intermolar distance, and nasal width. No significant difference in tooth dimensions was found across skeletal classes in males, but trends suggested complex relationships between facial proportions and tooth dimensions. This study enhances understanding of dental-facial relationships in the Turkish population. While facial proportions may influence tooth dimensions, the effects are not uniform across skeletal classifications. These findings provide valuable insights for clinicians in optimizing orthodontic and restorative treatments for improved aesthetic outcomes. The findings of this study highlight that the Abay Ratio provides a simple, reliable, and clinically applicable guideline for determining ideal tooth proportions in harmony with facial dimensions. This novel ratio provides clinicians with a fast and practical system that can be easily applied in daily clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13013895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}