Saudi Dental Journal最新文献

{"title":"Bibliometric analysis of Saudi dental journals from time of inception to 2023","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To describe the patterns of authorship, collaboration, study type, specialty, and funding status of articles published in Saudi dental journals.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>All articles published in Saudi dental journals in English from their inception to 31st December 2023 were identified. The following data were extracted using pre-pilot forms: publication date, number of articles, study type, authorship patterns, nature of collaboration, article specialty, and funding status. Descriptive statistics included the calculation of frequencies and percentages.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Five Saudi dental journals were identified, with a total of 2574 published articles. The journal with the highest number of studies published was the <em>Saudi Dental Journal</em> (33 %), followed by the <em>Saudi Journal of Oral and Dental Research</em> (25 %), <em>Saudi Endodontic Journal</em> (17 %), <em>Journal of Orthodontic Science</em> (14 %), and <em>Saudi Journal of Oral Sciences</em> (11 %). The first authors of most studies were academics (89 %) and from Asian countries (84.3 %). The average number of authors per publication was four (standard deviation = 2). Approximately 13.13 % of the articles were solo-authored. International collaboration was observed in 14.76 % of the identified studies. One-quarter (24.3 %) of the studies were cross-sectional, and just under half of the publications were in the fields of endodontics and orthodontics. Furthermore, 8 % of the studies were funded.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The research output of Saudi dental journals was produced mainly by academics and involved national-level collaborations with a limited number of funded studies. Therefore, there is a need to encourage the publication of high-quality research and international research partnerships.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905224002050/pdfft?md5=e5bd8183a30ce627a2312d24d056ec6d&pid=1-s2.0-S1013905224002050-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141702096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the impact of Endodontic Irrigant Solutions on the Viability of Stem Cells from Apical Papilla in an in-vitro setting: A Systematic Review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The success of regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) is significantly influenced by the choice of endodontic irrigant solution. However, the impact of these solutions on the viability of stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAP), a critical component of the REP, remains a subject of ongoing debate.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aimed to investigate the effects of various endodontic irrigant solutions on the viability of stem cells from the apical papilla in an in vitro setting.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed/Medline, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, gray literature, and reference lists up to August 2023. The search was limited to in vitro studies investigating the impact of endodontic irrigant solutions on SCAP viability. The risk of bias in these studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute’s checklist.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 131 articles retrieved, 14 were selected for review. The effects of eighteen different root canal irrigants, such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, and citric acid, on the viability of SCAPs were evaluated. The risk-of-bias analysis showed a high risk in sample randomization and size justification but a low risk in other areas.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>The effects of endodontic irrigant solutions on the viability of SCAPs are concentration dependent. Concentrations higher than 1.5% sodium hypochlorite, 2 % chlorhexidine, 10 % citric acid, and 2.5 % EDTA significantly reduced cell viability. However, additional research is necessary to determine the effect of these irrigants on tissue regeneration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905224002037/pdfft?md5=e8cd4d26ff365051387995a9e2e2c889&pid=1-s2.0-S1013905224002037-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141712450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the reliability of inter- and intra-grader using digital scanning vs. traditional visual method for evaluating preclinical class II composite preparation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aimed to evaluate the intra- and inter-grader reliability of four evaluators using three different digital intraoral scanners and visual methods for typodontic Class II composite preparations.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Ninety-five typodont teeth of Class II composite preparations were evaluated using traditional visual grading methods (VGM) and digital grading methods (DGM) using the same rubric. Three intraoral scanners were used to scan the Class II cavity preparation for the composite: i700 (Medit, Korea), Trios 4 (3Shape, Denmark), and Shinning 3D (Shinning 3D, China). The same rubric was used to score the visual and digital evaluations by calibrated examiners. Two-way ANOVA was used to compare method- and evaluator-based scores, accounting for the scanner type used.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The scores of the prepped typodont teeth were subjected to an interaction between the examiner and the evaluation technique. In addition, the mean total prepped teeth scores differed between examiners using VGM. A statistically significant interaction emerged between examiners and the evaluation technique employed to assess the total score of the prepped teeth:<!--> <em>F</em>(9, 1504) = 3.893,<!--> <em>P</em> = 0.001, partial η2 = 0.023. The total prepped tooth score differed between the VGM and DGM groups. Lower (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) intra-grader consistency was observed for the final scores when Class II preparations were evaluated using the VGM; however, this consistency improved when using the DGM.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Examiners and evaluation methods affect student performance in Class II cavity preparations. The DGM may be more reliable and consistent within and between evaluators than the VGM is.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905224002025/pdfft?md5=18a479bf6c4e848d171e6759642f8976&pid=1-s2.0-S1013905224002025-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141701288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of flat ridge rehabilitation using an intraoral custom-made distraction device at four weeks versus eight weeks and its impact on dental implant efficacy: A comparative study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This study aimed to evaluate alveolar bone height enhancement using a custom-made distractor to evaluate its ability to support dental implants.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>The left mandibular premolars of nine dogs were extracted, followed by alveoloplasty to simulate an atrophic ridge. The dogs were divided into three groups: groups I and II received distractors followed by dental implants, while group III received implants alone. Distractors remained in place for 4 weeks in group I and 8 weeks in group II for consolidation. Subsequently, the distractors were removed, and a titanium dental implant was immediately inserted during the same visit. In the third group, implants were placed in the same area as noted. The implant was left in position for 8 weeks, after which the left hemimandible underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and histological analysis, focusing on the region of interest (ROI)<span><span>¹</span></span> mesial and distal to the dental implant.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Densitometric analysis revealed notable osseointegration between the regenerated bone adjacent to the dental implant. Notably, there were significant differences in osseointegration between groups I and II. Moreover, osseointegration levels were similar between groups II and III, where no distraction device was employed. Histological findings showed the formation of new bone in the distraction gap, with more advanced maturation noted in the 8-week group. It is worth noting that the integration between bone and implants in the third group surpasses that of the distraction groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Using the distraction device for only 4 weeks is acceptable to meet the criteria for implant placement. The small size of the distraction device reduces tissue reaction after surgery because it eliminates the necessity of complex surgeries that may require bone grafting. Density measurements and histological observations indicate that the distractor promotes the generation of enough bone for prosthetic rehabilitation with dental implants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905224002049/pdfft?md5=2fc7bffe8163b19e0f2ef8b240851110&pid=1-s2.0-S1013905224002049-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141701201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro evaluation of the mechanical and optical properties of 3D printed vs CAD/CAM milled denture teeth materials","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This laboratory research aimed to assess the Flexural strength, fracture toughness, Volumetric wear and optical properties of various recent 3D-printed denture tooth materials and compare them to CAD/CAM milled materials. Four 3D-printed denture tooth materials (Lucitone Tooth, OnX, Flexcera Ultra +, and VarseoSmile Crown Plus) and one CAD/CAM milled denture teeth material (Ivotion Dent) were used to fabricate fifteen specimens for each material (with total no. of 300 specimens). Tests were conducted according to ISO standards to assess flexural strength, fracture toughness, color staining, and volumetric wear. All materials were printed, washed, cured, or milled following the manufacturer’s instructions. Flexural strength and fracture toughness values were obtained by a universal testing machine. Volumetric wear was evaluated using a non-contact optical profilometer. Color stability outcomes were obtained via a spectrophotometer for determining L*a*b* values, with color change (ΔE2000) based on the CIEDE2000 formula. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc analysis (α = 0.05). All 3D-printed materials exhibited higher flexural strength values than the milled material (p &lt; 0.05). For fracture toughness, two of the 3D-printed materials showed higher values than the milled material, while the other two had lower values. Insignificant variances in volumetric wear were detected between the materials (p &gt; 0.05). Color staining results varied, with milled materials generally demonstrating better-staining resistance compared to the 3D-printed materials. 3D-printed denture tooth materials exhibit good mechanical and optical properties, presenting a cost-effective and efficient alternative to CAD/CAM milled materials for denture tooth fabrication.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905224002013/pdfft?md5=e67ebaa670c6b090a5bcd4e00c531e40&pid=1-s2.0-S1013905224002013-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141698609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracture resistance of CAD/CAM tooth-colored versus cast metal post-and-core restorations in root filled teeth: An in vitro study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This study investigated the fracture resistance and failure modes of custom-fabricated post- and core dental restorations using various CAD/CAM materials.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><p>Seventy-five mandibular second premolars were allocated to five groups (n = 15) and prepared for standardized post and core restorations. The groups included a control group comprising cast metal and four CAD/CAM materials: Vita Enamic, Shofu HC, Trilor, and PEKK. Fracture resistance was assessed using a compressive force at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until failure occurred. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square tests.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The metal group had the highest fracture resistance (244.41 ± 75.20 N), with a significant variance compared to that in the CAD/CAM groups (p &lt; 0.001). No significant differences were observed among the non-metallic groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>While several CAD/CAM materials displayed satisfactory flexural properties, cast metal posts showed superior fracture resistance in endodontically treated teeth but were mostly associated with catastrophic failure. The clinical application of CAD/CAM materials for post-core restorations presents a viable alternative to traditional metal posts, potentially reducing the risk of unfavorable fractures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905224001998/pdfft?md5=a93513d43565d0d8a3991830430bfbea&pid=1-s2.0-S1013905224001998-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141706779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of arch shape on the incidence of third molar impaction: A cross-sectional study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Impaction of third molar is a pathological problem that reduces the chance of normal eruption of tooth. The main reason for impaction is inadequate space in the maxillary and mandibular arch. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between arch shape and the prevalence of third molar impaction.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross‑sectional study was performed on patients referring to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery between December 2023 and February 2024 to obtain an orthopantomogram (OPG). Convenience sampling was employed, and orthopantomograms were analyzed to determine impaction types. Dental arch shape variables were assessed using Budiman’s analysis, with a Chi-square test employed to evaluate any significant association between arch shape and impaction type at a significance level of 0.05.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among the 185 maxilla and 185 mandibles studied, 154 were male patients, and 216 were female patients, with a mean age of 26.75 years. A statistically significant difference was found in impacted teeth, among females having more impacted molars than males (p-value = 0.002*). However, no significant differences were found in the type of impaction, Gregory classification, or position based on the shape of the mandible on both the right and left sides (p-value &gt; 0.05). Similarly, no significant differences were observed in Gregory’s classification based on the shape of the maxilla on both the right and left sides. However, there is a statistically significant difference in the occurrence impaction based on the maxilla’s shape (p-value &lt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study suggests a significant correlation between maxillary arch shape and the occurrence of third molar impaction, with a higher prevalence among females.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905224002001/pdfft?md5=2656b4c1cbb8912a50269fd9d0d14457&pid=1-s2.0-S1013905224002001-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141707286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormal dental phenotypes in GAPO syndrome: A descriptive study with a new ANTXR1 variant & insights on teeth eruption","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>GAPO syndrome is usually diagnosed clinically owing to its characteristic features of growth retardation, alopecia, pseudoanodontia, and ophthalmic anomalies. Pseudoanodontia describes the failure of eruption of the two sets of teeth in these patients. Thus, the abnormal dental phenotype is the emergence of a set or part of a set of dentitions.</p></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This study reports the physical, oro-dental, and molecular findings of two new sibs with GAPO syndrome and provides a description of the dental phenotype of one of the patients reported before.</p></div><div><h3>Materials &amp; Methods</h3><p>The patients were subjected to full medical history taking and three generations-pedigree construction. They were phenotyped according to the elements of morphology: Standard terminology series. After parental consents were acquired, molecular analysis was carried out for the two sibs (Patient 1 &amp; 2).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>These included a new gene variant associated with erupted teeth in GAPO syndrome and new clinical features. A new classification for the terminologies of eruption disturbances was suggested.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study asserts the importance of oro-dental examination and follow-ups as dental updates may occur in these cases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905224001986/pdfft?md5=5d726ceb6f4e4732ad4060f2b5fff503&pid=1-s2.0-S1013905224001986-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141705717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the efficacy and predictability of distalization protocols for maxillary molars in Class II treatment with clear Aligners: A narrative review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.06.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.06.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Clear aligner therapy (CAT) has become a popular orthodontic treatment option for adolescent and adult patients for its aesthetic, patient’s comfort, and convenient features. It involves a programmed and simulated virtual planning, tracking, and quantifying of tooth movement to target positions. Over the years, the therapeutic scope of CAT has increased dramatically to include a wider range of malocclusions with the aid of orthodontic auxiliaries as adjunctive biomechanics. This narrative review aims at summarizing and evaluating current practices, efficacy and predictability of sequential distalization protocol for maxillary molars in class II treatment using CAT.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic search for this review included electronic literature databases of MEDLINE via Pubmed, Web of Science, ProQuest and Embase to include all available published articles including systematic reviews, books, cases reports, and narrative literature reviews.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Most published studies are retrospective examining small sample size. Current literature should be interpreted carefully as studies differ in their outcome measurement process and timing. Although reports show 2-3 mm of molar distalization is possible, a distinguish between bodily movement and molar tip back should be made. There is a discrepancy between computer-assisted predicted outcome and actual clinical outcome reported in literature.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Molar distalization using CAT is possible. However, randomised trials with large sample size are necessary to draw more definitive conclusion about its efficacy and predictability. Due to the discrepancy between computer-assisted predicted outcome and actual clinical outcome, case refinement and possible altered treatment duration should be discussed with the patient in the planning stage. Since the process of molar distalization using CAT involves undesirable reaction force, it is essential to reinforce anchorage with suitable auxiliaries like composite attachments, class II/III elastics, and TADs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905224001962/pdfft?md5=ba30627615addc2b232c1b2847df0cae&pid=1-s2.0-S1013905224001962-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141403699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of cementation technique and cement thickness on the retention and amount of excess cement in implant-supported restorations","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.06.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.06.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To assess the amount of excess cement and the retentive strengths of two different cementation techniques (conventional cementation and practice abutment) using copings fabricated with three different cement thicknesses (20 μm, 35 μm, and 50 μm).</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Thirty zirconia copings were fabricated on screw retained abutments and randomly divided into three equal groups (n = 10) according to the cement thickness (20 μm, 35 μm, and 50 μm). Each group was cemented with tow cementation techniques. Cementation was performed with provisional cement (Temp-Bond). In the conventional cementation technique, cement was applied until each coping was approximately half filled, and the copings were subsequently placed on the implant–abutment assembly. Then, the copings were cleaned and cemented using the practice abutment cementation technique to remove excess cement prior to the process. Each technique was performed using copings with three different cement thicknesses (20 μm, 35 μm, and 50 μm). The specimens with the cemented copings were weighed on a high-precision analytical balance before and after removing the extruded cement, and the differences between the two measurements were calculated. Then, each specimen was subjected to a pullout test using a universal testing machine. The load required to dislodge the coping was recorded. The data were analyzed using two-way and one-way analysis of variance and independent sample t tests at a significance level of 0.05.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The highest retention values were obtained for 20 μm cement thickness in the conventional technique and the practice abutment cementation technique. The amount of excess cement was the highest for the 50 μm cement thickness obtained for both cementation techniques, whereas the lowest mean values were recorded for the 20 μm cement thickness.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The conventional cementation technique is recommended over the practice abutment technique to increase the retention of crowns cemented with provisional cement. However, care must be taken to remove the extruded cement. A cement thickness of 20 μm is preferable for enhancing the retention of cemented crowns and for reducing the amount of excess cement when applying both conventional and practical abutment cementation approaches.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1013905224001950/pdfft?md5=d6a36f8957f05f5364bed53a9eef028c&pid=1-s2.0-S1013905224001950-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141410942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}