Journal of African History最新文献

{"title":"Politics of Disaster: Earthquake, Rehousing, and Confronting Colonial Rule in Accra (Gold Coast/Ghana), 1939–45","authors":"Waseem-Ahmed Bin-Kasim","doi":"10.1017/S0021853723000403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021853723000403","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Despite its destructiveness, disaster clears the way to accomplish a set of goals. That was why the Gold Coast governor and officials welcomed the 1939 earthquake as an opportunity to rebuild Accra. However, mishandling their reconstruction plan proved disadvantageous. The aftermath of the disaster, including an unprecedented rehousing project, exacerbated urban discontent. How everyday urban residents responded to rehousing further exposed the weakness of the colonial state and gave momentum to nationalism. The paper introduces natural disasters and relief programs into the scholarly narratives that have demonstrated that anticolonial nationalism emerged from a chain of grievances from amongst colonial subjects, some of which were unfulfilled social and economic expectations. The experiences of rehousing following the earthquake powerfully informed local perspectives and contributed to the chain of events leading to formal decolonization.","PeriodicalId":47244,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41661283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scholars, Secrets, and Sultans: Clerical Authority in West Africa, 1450–1650","authors":"Zachary Wright","doi":"10.1017/S0021853723000397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021853723000397","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Available historical sources for West Africa's Middle Niger c. 1450–1650 reveal that the ‘indigenous’ (non-Arab) Islamic scholarly class was already a self-conscious, independent social entity long before the clerical revolutions of later centuries. The influence of Muslim scholars was not limited to urban environments like Timbuktu, and clerical elites claimed a number of mostly independent communities throughout West Africa by the end of the sixteenth century. Mostly based on a reading of Arabic texts such as Muḥammad al-Kābarī's Bustān al-fawāʾid (‘Garden of Beneficial Prayers’) in dialogue with the Tārīkh Ibn al-Mukhtār and Tārīkh al-Sūdān (‘Timbuktu Chronicles’), this article argues that Muslim scholars were engaged in a spiritual war for independence clearly on display since the beginning of the Songhay empire. Scholarly texts display deep concern for tempering unjust political power and the protection and attraction of women, discourses that reveal a perilous clerical struggle to assert community independence. Later armed jihads were thus not so much a break from earlier traditions of clerical pacificism, they were the natural evolution from this earlier spiritual jihad.","PeriodicalId":47244,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57132092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Audience Experience of Colonial Cinema","authors":"J. MacArthur","doi":"10.1017/S0021853723000129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021853723000129","url":null,"abstract":"and global oncology. It is instructive for grounding theories of responsive health systems in cancer management. Mika’s plea for the incorporation of East African expertise in the historiography of biomedicine and cancer patient care is necessary and timely. Mika convincingly presents the social aspects of care, which may be a missing link in the pursuit of quality cancer care in East Africa and beyond; citing, for example, the UCI’s relative success in pediatric lymphoma research and care services, even amidst the disruptions of Idi Amin’s regime, due to the remarkable consistency and sustained patient follow-up facilitated by the staff’s cultural expertise. The implications for institutional policy and decisionmaking when it comes to local practices of oncology are self-evident. Similarly, the book effectively illustrates how linkages of local health systems to global (international) systems, through corporate and state actors defines — and limits — health justice. Mika is correct to note how access to expensive state-of-the-art cancer diagnosis and treatment technology and expertise helps to define the unequal global health system. Mika argues that ‘global oncology’must be a humanitarian exercise that mitigates economic injustice and inequalities in prevention, treatment, and palliation of cancers (141). The language and presentation of the book are accessible for diverse audiences interested in medical history, African history, the historiography of biomedicine in Africa, and global health. Mika offers an important contribution to health systems research and the emerging fields of anthropologies of cancer and medical and health humanities, by linking social science research and the history of medicine. Health policy makers, those interested in cancer care in the Global South, and researchers in science technology studies will also find the book informative. It presents the lived experience of suffering due to cancer and coping with the disease with sufficient consideration of cultural norms. It adequately balances ethical neutrality while safeguarding against ethical indifference, and draws on essential clinical knowledge to present a comprehensive description of realities in the emergent cancer epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa and beyond. The book is a captivating resource for interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary researchers and health care providers, and is enlightening reading for anyone interested in the history of medicine and global health justice.","PeriodicalId":47244,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43320133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Politics and Music in Colonised South Africa","authors":"N. Mkhize","doi":"10.1017/S0021853723000142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021853723000142","url":null,"abstract":"The Spirit of Resistance in Music and Spoken Word of South Africa’s Eastern Cape explores the social history of Black South African musical and oral poetry traditions that emerged in the Eastern Cape in the context of colonisation, missionisation, and urbanisation. Michie historicizes these two auditory and oral forms as they evolved as transcripts of both Black protest and cultural adaptation in the wake of two centuries of dispossessive war and law in South Africa. The book documents the Eastern Cape roots of South Africa’s distinctive liberation and protest arts, as well as the country’s globally recognised harmonics and melodies, which have become standard in the South African singing and creative canons. As with Black American music such as blues and jazz, the Black South African sound owed a good deal to the protracted daily struggles of colonial subjects, who over two centuries, vocalised their laments, celebrations, and protests through song and poetry. Michie focuses on the Eastern Cape’s musical and cultural specificities as they shaped, and were in turn shaped by, the region’s experience of colonisation, and especially Christianisation. The book shows how Eastern Cape indigenous music forms were transformed by the arrival of European Christianity as both a message and cultural genre, which also became in turn a path to economic advancement via the medium of Western education. The Spirit of Resistance provides a comprehensive account of the long journey of African auditory response to the colonial encounter. Michie recounts the familiar story of the Christian impact on African life and the resultant emergence of indigenous African Christianity, and the musical lineages that it would give rise to during the nineteenth century and how these were transformed by the transformations of Black life by urbanisation in the twentieth century. This included the development of hymnal and, later, political ‘standards’, such as ‘Nkosi Sikelela iAfrica’ in the tradition of Christian choral music, and the subsequent emergence of more modern genres such as kwela, South African jazz, mbaqanga, and the militant chants of itoyi-toyi, which were ubiquitous during the struggle against apartheid. Michie’s account is a cast of familiar players, for those who are acquainted with the story of the emergence of the class of African Christian educated elites and their role in the emergence of","PeriodicalId":47244,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47820961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AFH volume 64 issue 1 Cover and Front matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s0021853723000270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021853723000270","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47244,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44580068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remixing a Cultural Festival","authors":"Ademide Adelusi-Adeluyi","doi":"10.1017/s0021853723000105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021853723000105","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47244,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42784300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical Legitimacy: Childbirth, Pluralism, and Professionalization in Nigeria's Faith-Based Aladura Birthing Homes","authors":"O. E. Williams","doi":"10.1017/S0021853723000026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021853723000026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the wake of the Aladura (prayer people) religious movement of the late 1920s, a site of childbirth that relied primarily on faith healing emerged in Nigeria under the Christ Apostolic Church (CAC). This practice of faith-based delivery remained informal until 1959 when it evolved into a permanent structure with a professional guild of midwives, codified practices, and trained personnel. This article explores the advent of CAC's faith-based maternity practice, notably its faith home midwifery school, and how the faith home transformed its identity from the informal realms of religious healing to a recognized religious entity that offered primary maternity care based on the principles of faith healing. By examining the professionalization of Aladura faith homes, I highlight questions of legitimacy allocation in postcolonial Africa and how CAC navigated this process by courting legitimacy from state-backed institutions and sociocultural frameworks.","PeriodicalId":47244,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48045651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AFH volume 64 issue 1 Cover and Back matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s0021853723000282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021853723000282","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47244,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41395186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cold War and Decolonization in Lusophone Africa","authors":"Benedito Machava","doi":"10.1017/s0021853723000130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021853723000130","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47244,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47235592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neglected Historiography from Africa: The Case for Postindependence Journals","authors":"Cassandra Mark-Thiesen","doi":"10.1017/S0021853723000257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021853723000257","url":null,"abstract":"In December of 1962, at the First International Congress of Africanists, near the end of his speech outlining the new demands and promises of African history learning, teaching, and research in postindependence Africa, Nigerian historian Kenneth O. Dike, also president of the congress, reminded his audience of yet another crucial task that African scholars of various disciplinary backgrounds needed to pursue with urgency, namely the publishing of journals specializing in history. At the time, Dike had several years’ experience on the editorial board of the Journal of the Nigerian Historical Society. It, along with the Transactions of the Historical Society of Ghana, were the only journals across West Africa ‘specializing exclusively in African history, and associated with university institutions’. Dike lamented the fact that ‘material on West African history alone was scattered in well over 100 periodical publications issued in many mutually distinct parts of the world in seven or eight different languages’ and that many of these articles had not undergone a thorough peerreview process to filter out ‘defective material’. Who better to lead the academy in this endeavor than scholars from Anglophone and Francophone West Africa themselves, he noted. President Kwame Nkrumah, in one of the opening speeches at the Accra congress, which has been described as an intellectual offshoot of the First All-African Peoples’ Conference, suggested that while ‘Africa has been the question mark of history’, the time had come to rewrite and broadly disseminate","PeriodicalId":47244,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57132033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}