Economics & Politics最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing Economic Management with Information Technology: Insights from Covid-19 in Bosnia and Herzegovina","authors":"H. Salkić, Aldijana Omerović, Almira Salkić, Marija Kvasina","doi":"10.2478/eoik-2023-0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eoik-2023-0048","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper explores the role of information technology in enhancing the efficiency of economic management during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research aim was to investigate how the integration of information technology, data usage, and analytics, digital transformation of the financial sector, ensuring digital inclusion and cyber security can contribute to improving economic management in times of crisis. The research methodology involved data collection through a questionnaire that asked participants a series of questions about their attitudes and perceptions regarding the integration of information technology and its impact on the efficiency of economic management during the pandemic. The data were analyzed using the chi-square statistical method to determine the existence of significant relationships between variables. The results indicate that information technology is a key factor in strengthening economic management during the COVID-19 pandemic. The integration of information technology, data usage, and analytics, digital transformation of the financial sector, and ensuring digital inclusion and cyber security can enhance efficiency, transparency, and stability during crisis times. The research emphasizes the need for investment in information technology, the development of implementation strategies, strengthening cyber security, and ensuring digital inclusion as key steps towards building a more resilient economic environment during the pandemic. Further research and implementation of these technologies in practice are recommended to achieve sustainable economic development and successful crisis management.","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83268400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capability of Higher Education in Overcoming Digital Inequality in the Conditions of the Crisis in Ukraine","authors":"T. Stepura, Olena Kuzmak","doi":"10.2478/eoik-2023-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eoik-2023-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of the article is to assess the gap between people’s readiness for effective activity in the digital economy and to identify the functional capabilities of universities to reduce this gap. The research used methods of generalizations, logical, systematic, and comparative analysis, and statistical-economic, sociological, and economic-mathematical methods and techniques. The results of the study showed that the digitalization of the economy, the state, and society, which is taking place in Ukraine, requires a significant increase in the level of society’s readiness for digital changes. For effective integration into the digital environment, in particular in the field of education, it is necessary to create a digital infrastructure that meets EU standards. The authors conducted a study of the development of the digital inclusive component of the regions of Ukraine.Proposed ways of digital development of society. In particular, it has been proven that promoting the development of the provision of educational services improves the digital literacy of the population for daily tasks and for employers to minimize the gaps between the digital environment and people’s skills. It is substantiated that the acquisition of new digital skills and competencies of employees requires the development of training networks and the improvement of foreign language knowledge, both for young people and for other generations.","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76842198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Geopolitical “Puzzle” of the Central Bank’s Switch to Gold","authors":"V. Koziuk","doi":"10.2478/eoik-2023-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eoik-2023-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Gold holdings increased during recent time. Geopolitical factors could be responsible for such shift taking into account rising number of conflicts in the world since 2014. However, optimal share for gold in external assets is still disputable. The paper provides empirical tests to identify political economy factors of central bank’s gold holdings. The paper imply two empirical approaches: analysis of how gold reserves in tones and as a share of reserves distributed among the countries with different political regimes; logit regression to identify role of political economy factors that may push countries’ switch to gold. Results of empirical analysis shows that political regime itself is not obvious driving force of gold share. Excluding developed countries, it is possible to see that autocracies do not outperform democracies in terms of mean and median share of gold systematically. Countries demonstrated shifts toward gold early then reference point of 2014 year despite political regime. Logit regression also helps to see that countries heavily have being exposing to gold are more likely hoarding large exchange reserves and politically stable. Proxies of geopolitical aggressiveness are valid with some covenants. While Global Peace Index is well proxy to identify geopolitical preconditions of countries’ switch to gold, military expenditures are not. This means that geopolitical motives of gold hoarding probably work directly and indirectly through exchange reserves accumulation and supportive political stability. Geopolitical aggressiveness that coincides with only large military expenditures but not with reserves accumulation is likely to stand on weak economic ground.","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85733984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Best Practices of Green Energy Development in the EU Countries Based on Correlation and Bagatofactor Autoregressive Forecasting","authors":"O. Yelisieieva, Yuliya Lyzhnyk, I. Stolietova, N. Kutova","doi":"10.2478/eoik-2023-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eoik-2023-0029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine has undermined the global energy system, leading to high energy prices and increased concerns about the EU’s energy security EU leaders have adopted a number of laws and developed the REPowerEU plan to reduce dependence on Russian energy imports by accelerating the transition to clean energy and creating a more sustainable energy system in Europe. The plan includes measures to save energy, diversify supplies and rapidly replace fossil fuels with clean energy sources, as well as prioritizes equity and solidarity, taking into account the energy balances of each EU member state. It builds on the Fit for 55 proposals and supports the ambitious goal of achieving at least -55% net greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 and climate neutrality by 2050.The aim of the article is to study the use of renewable energy in the European Union, the application of autoregressive models to predict the development of renewable energy.The results and conclusions. As a result of the study, based on the methodology of transients, a model of change in the volume of investment in wind energy was developed in the form of a differential equation. It was proved that the transition process is stable, even with time constraints or reduction of investment in the development of wind energy over time it will return to a stable growing trend (which was obtained by means of bagatofactor autoregressive models).","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89672475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"American financial hegemony, global capital cycles, and the macroeconomic growth environment","authors":"Heather Ba,&nbsp;William K. Winecoff","doi":"10.1111/ecpo.12254","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ecpo.12254","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Global financial cycles have become a growing concern for scholars and policymakers. Recent research has identified these cycles as originating in American markets, at least in part due to policy innovations in the United States. We articulate a previously unidentified, but powerful, mechanism that influence growth (and growth volatility) in the global economy: expansions in the American financial cycle disproportionately affect global credit conditions, leading to a higher incidence of gross capital inflow surges that subsequently create a boom-bust growth dynamic in recipient economies. We evaluate this argument with an extensive empirical examination of 102 countries from 1975 to 2011 and find substantial support for the argument: US financial market developments produce capital flow cycles that challenge the ability of policymakers to stabilize their macroeconomies. We disaggregate capital flows and find that interbank lending plays a crucial role in driving these outcomes, with the results exhibiting a high degree of robustness to alternative specifications. Domestic policy tools alone may be insufficiently powerful to counteract volatility induced by these capital waves emanating from the core of the global financial system.</p>","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"36 1","pages":"334-372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ecpo.12254","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129234551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The political economy triangle of government spending, interest-group influence, and income inequality: Evidence and implications from the US states","authors":"Ismail M. Cole","doi":"10.1111/ecpo.12253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecpo.12253","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper introduces the political economy triangle (PET) concept of government spending, special interest groups (SIGs) influence, and income inequality, empirically confirming its existence and unveiling its nature while directly addressing key shortcomings of most prior research on the determinants of such inequality. Using static and dynamic panel techniques and data from the US states, it reports several new results: (i) the findings of previous studies regarding the roles of government spending and interest groups, including labor unions, in income distribution are confirmed, however, their estimated inequality effects grossly underestimate those obtained when endogeneity issues are accounted for explicitly; (ii) a dynamic tripartite relationship between the variables of the PET exists; (iii) government spending and SIGs' influence, including union strength, beyond their direct effects on inequality, have a separate positive impact through their interactions; (iv) the effectiveness of government spending in reducing inequality diminishes as the level of SIGs' influence and union strength increase in the short and long run, (v) the aggregate inequality-increasing effect of SIGs is strengthened and the inequality-reducing effects of unions weakened as the spending rises, in the short run and long run. Finally, the broad implications of these findings are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"35 3","pages":"1122-1176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50134013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are electronic government innovations helpful to deter corruption? Evidence from across the world","authors":"João Martins,&nbsp;Linda Veiga,&nbsp;Bruno Fernandes","doi":"10.1111/ecpo.12255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecpo.12255","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electronic government innovations have been a critical development in public administration in recent years. Many countries have implemented e-government policies to enhance efficiency and transparency and combat corruption. This paper examines the impact of e-government on corruption using longitudinal data for more than 170 countries from 2002 to 2020. The empirical results suggest that e-government serves as a deterrent to corrupt activities. We analyse which e-government domains affect corruption, which types of corruption are more affected by e-government and the circumstances under which e-government is more effective in reducing corruption. The empirical results suggest that online service completion and e-participation are important features of e-government as an anticorruption tool. Evidence suggests that e-participation reduces corrupt legislature activities, public sector theft, executive bribery, and corrupt exchanges. The potential of e-government to deter corruption is higher in countries where corruption is moderate or high and economic development is lower. Higher levels of GDP per capita, foreign direct investment, and political rights are also associated with lower levels of corruption.</p>","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"35 3","pages":"1177-1203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50122696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Circular Economy in Modern Conditions","authors":"O. Podlevska, Andrii Podlevskyi","doi":"10.2478/eoik-2023-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eoik-2023-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The concept of a circular economy in the world arose in response to growing consumption and, as a result, to the accumulation of a mass of waste that cannot be quickly processed in the natural environment and has a harmful effect on the environment. The introduction of a circular economy along with the modernization of production will provide Ukrainian society with double benefits. First, the reuse of already consumed resources allows you to obtain significant benefits both in terms of savings in their purchase and in reducing the costs of waste disposal. Secondly, the burden on the environment is reduced and the problems of waste disposal are solved, which positively affects the country’s ecosystem. The essence and types of decoupling as a strategic basis for the development of the green economy are analyzed. The actualization of the use of decoupling for Ukraine in the context of highlighting issues of its environmental and economic security is shown. Calculations of the integral decoupling factor for Ukraine were carried out. Based on the results of the calculations, conclusions were made regarding the effectiveness of the system of nature management and management of the socio-economic development of the state, directions for solving problems and prospects for further research were determined. The conducted analysis made it possible to draw conclusions that at this stage of economic development there is an urgent need to transition to an inclusive and circular economy. The results of the conducted research can be used in the development of the strategy of green economy and sustainable development of countries.","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73962098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Trade Openness, Human Capital Through Innovations on Economic Growth: Case of the Balkan Countries","authors":"Siniša Kurteš, Srđan Amidžić, Drago Kurušić","doi":"10.2478/eoik-2023-0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eoik-2023-0047","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The importance of trade openness and human capital for the economic growth of countries is the subject of many studies today. The role of innovations and the innovativeness of economies in modern economic development is extremely important. With greater accumulation of human capital, knowledge, skills and innovation are accumulated. All these variables are crucial for achieving higher economic growth. Special attention in the studies of relevant authors is directed towards researching this relationship on the example of small open economies, as well as developing countries. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between trade openness and human capital as explanatory variables and GDP as a dependent variable in a sample of eight Balkan countries. The goal of the research is to quantify the relationship between two independent variables and GDP as a dependent variable. The period in which we observe this relationship covers the period from 2000 to 2019. Achieving the research objective is done on the basis of a panel model with fixed and random effects. The results of the panel research testify to the existence of a positive relationship between trade openness and human capital as independent variables and GDP as a dependent variable. Calculated coefficients with independent variables were obtained with a high level of statistical significance. The conclusion of the research implies that there is a positive impact of trade openness and human capital on GDP.","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85992814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fake News: An Analysis from Political Economy","authors":"Mario González Arencibia, Emilio Horacio Valencia Corozo, Dagmaris Martinez Cardero","doi":"10.11648/j.eco.20231202.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eco.20231202.15","url":null,"abstract":": The issue of fake news has its antecedents in the very logic of capitalism, and has now become a recurrent phenomenon due to the way in which capitalist relations of production are being fetishized through the manipulation of reality. The issue of fake news has become a viral concern in social networks due to the dangers it represents for various social actors. The purpose of this article is to offer an assessment from the perspective of Political Economy, recognizing that the deepest cause of the same is a reflection of the sharpening of the fundamental economic contradiction of this system. The methodological procedure of documentary review was used, from the paradigm of qualitative research; this allowed, through documentary observation, analysis and synthesis, to make valid assessments for decision making in social institutions. As a central conclusion, it identifies that in the face of the problems caused by false news, the proposals for solutions are varied, some of them are focused on media education and others on the role of technology using artificial intelligence to detect this fact and discriminate it, with the limitation that it is not recognized that this fact is inherent to capitalist production relations. Beyond its use in the economic, political and ideological scenario of the term, Fake News is related to extremist opinions, propaganda and manipulation; the intentionality is to deceive the user. They are ways of generating alienation within the framework of capitalist relations of production, representing the interests of big capital, under the content of an unconventional war, based on creating uncertainties, through the misrepresentation of ideas. Politicians and powerful actors such as transnational companies in the digital environment have appropriated the term to mischaracterize media coverage that is not in line with their monopolistic interests, so that the conception with which the indiscriminate use of Fake News is handled, is an expression of the crisis of norms, beliefs and values of mercantile societies, endangering the credibility of individuals, organizations, States and communities.","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86387756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}