Economics & Politics最新文献

{"title":"Public good provision with redistributive taxation","authors":"Paul Pecorino","doi":"10.1111/ecpo.12258","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ecpo.12258","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A government sets the level of taxation to provide a public good valued by consumers. There are two groups of consumers, the rich and the poor. The government has redistributive preferences, but is initially constrained to use lump-sum taxation. This potentially leads the government to provide a very low level of the public good out of concern for not reducing private good consumption of the poor. In this context, allowing a small amount of redistribution from the rich to the poor may be Pareto improving. The loss in private consumption by the rich may be more than offset by the added utility from increased public good provision. I also analyze the extent to which a flat income tax can induce the government to choose a level of public good consistent with the Samuelson condition. When consumers have a survival constraint on private consumption, a progressive tax code is required to induce the government to choose the efficient level of the public good. Generally speaking, there is a trade-off between a desire to restrain the government's ability to redistribute income and a desire to induce it to choose the level of the public good implied by the Samuelson condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"36 1","pages":"407-431"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135821581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public–private partnership, cost of debt and accounting conservatism","authors":"Qu Deng,&nbsp;Hezun Li,&nbsp;Hong Yue","doi":"10.1111/ecpo.12259","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ecpo.12259","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Using a manually collected data set of Chinese publicly traded firms from 2010 to 2017, this study examines how public–private partnerships (PPP) affect the cost of debt and financial reporting. We argue that a firm gains political capital through a PPP and thus may access debt markets at a lower cost. Consistent with our expectation, we find that participants of PPP enjoy significantly lower bank loan interest rates than other firms. This is more pronounced for nonstate-owned enterprises, for firms without politically connected CEOs, and for loans from state-owned banks. However, these participants reduce their accounting conservatism, suggesting a substitution between financial reporting and political connections. Also, participating in PPP does not improve firms' financial performance. Thus, the lower interest rates are not justified by economic fundamentals or financial reporting quality. Overall, our study suggests that PPP distort state-owned banks' lending decisions and lower accounting conservatism, highlighting the potential cost of PPP to society.</p>","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"36 1","pages":"432-482"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123729365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth impact of status seeking behavior: A counter example","authors":"Hamid Beladi,&nbsp;Sugata Marjit,&nbsp;Koushik Kumar Hati","doi":"10.1111/ecpo.12257","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ecpo.12257","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper analyzes the impact of status seeking behavior on the growth of income. Conventional wisdom suggests that such behavior should stimulate the growth rate. We introduce a general status indicator as an average of relative income and another that reflects relative expenditure on a status good in a simple dynamic model. We show that the conventional approach, which includes only concern for relative income, matters for growth. Otherwise, higher relative expenditure on a status good does not have any additional impact on optimal growth beyond the golden rule. Thus, the accepted wisdom that relative status concern always stimulates incentive for growth is called into question and provides fresh policy perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"36 1","pages":"398-406"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129324617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS OF TECHNOLOGICAL RISKS AND THE WAYS OF DEVELOPMENT","authors":"Jambul Bitsadze Jambul Bitsadze, Nana Benidze Nana Benidze","doi":"10.36962/ecs105/5-7/2023-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36962/ecs105/5-7/2023-89","url":null,"abstract":"The article ‘’Contemporary problems of technological risks and ways of development ‘’ describes the role of technical risks in the economy of Georgia and the search for ways of its development. \u0000The problems that stand in this direction are mentioned. Today, in the era of technologies, the degree of technical risks increases in direct proportion of the development of technologies, which has become a heavy burden for users.\u0000Today, each of us uses plastic cards or simply has an account in some social network, and all this automatically puts us at technological risk. Therefore, the most frequently discussed issue is precisely the technical risks and possible serve consequences caused by them. Electronic commerce and internet banking are also noteworthy as the object of attack. Thus, we think that the topic is relevant. \u0000The paper discusses the changes that have been made to mitigate these risks. The results of the research are given, the analysis of which gives an idea of the quality of the existing technological risks and ways of elimination.\u0000The problems that prevent the better development of technological risks throughout the country are mentioned:\u00001. Lack of support from the government.\u00002. Unqualified staff.\u00003. Inadequate legislation in terms of cyber security.\u00004. Inadequate insurance of cyber risks.\u0000The article presents the results of survey conducted within the framework of the study and relevant statistics.\u00001. The government should find more support for people affected by technological risks.\u00002. Specialists employed in the field should be retrained.\u00003. Legislation should be refined and become victim-friendly.\u00004. Improve cyber security insurance.\u0000Taking all this into account will help’ to solve the problems in technological risks throughout the country.\u0000The article contains the opinions ad advice of the authors, seen from the point of view of scientists and its implementation in practice will help to effectively conduct the activities of the filed.\u0000Keywords: Technological risks. Cyber security. Economy. Plastic cards. Government. Insurance.","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78502814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES OF TRANSFORMATIONS AND CHANGES IN BUSINESS","authors":"Sofia Paliani Sofia Paliani","doi":"10.36962/ecs105/5-7/2023-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36962/ecs105/5-7/2023-98","url":null,"abstract":"In the article - \"Contemporary challenges of transformations and changes in business\" - the views of various scientists (Moran, Brightman, Jones Gumming and others) on the essence of transformations are first characterized, and then - the need for transformations in companies and the challenges they face in today's digital environment is discussed. The article states that many changes have taken place in the world in the last decade, but the most important among them was (and is) digitalization of business and economy, which practically changed the world and required a change in people's thinking. People born in the 21st century, who are called \"digital natives\", could easily adapt to this innovation, but those born in the previous century, who are called \"digital immigrants\", could not adapt.\u0000Nowadays, 95-98% of managers employed in business are \"digital immigrants\". They find it difficult to drive digital transformations because they can't change their mindset. Total digitization of business requires generational change.\u0000The article also discusses a number of ongoing transformations, which seem to be not difficult to implement, but managers avoid it due to fear of failure. The author of the article advises them to get acquainted with the ADKAR model for this purpose, through which they will successfully carry out transformations.\u0000Keywords: changes; transformations; digital challenges; ADKAR model.","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78119990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possibilities of Regional Integration of Financial Institutions of Georgia","authors":"Xatuna Shalamberidze Xatuna Shalamberidze","doi":"10.36962/ecs105/5-7/2023-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36962/ecs105/5-7/2023-40","url":null,"abstract":"Georgia is located in the South Caucasus, at the crossroads of Europe and Asia. The general strategy of the country's development is freedom, rapid development, prosperity.\u0000The purpose of the research is to find out the involvement of the financial institutions of Georgia and neighboring states in achieving regional economic results, to analyze the current situation and to determine the development prospects. Along with the priorities of the country strategy, the main strategic task is regional cooperation and integration - balanced development of the economy, greater functionality of urban areas, reduction of poverty and inequality, strengthening of governance and institutional capacity, involvement of banking, insurance and other financial institutions, which will help Georgia to make the most of its valuable advantages , including geographic location.\u0000The implemented measures result in a variety of financing instruments. New financial institutions, together with the banking sector and insurance companies, will increase the quality of financial intermediation and, therefore, the effective placement of investment resources through risk insurance, which will ultimately improve access to finance both in the country and among the countries of the Black Sea region. In cooperation with financial institutions, new lending schemes will be introduced and new financial products will be developed.\u0000Keywords: regional cooperation and integration; Strengthening economic ties; Opportunities for regional integration of financial institutions (banks, insurance companies).","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83832422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marketing Research of Financial Literacy Factors and Sustainable Development of the Region","authors":"Maia Akhvlediani Maia Akhvlediani, Irine Kopalini Irine Kopalini, Natela Janelidze Natela Janelidze","doi":"10.36962/ecs105/5-7/2023-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36962/ecs105/5-7/2023-17","url":null,"abstract":"In the modern world money and all issues connected with financial wellbeing take an extremely important place. The relevance of the research topic is explained by the fact that nowadays it is necessary the regular monitoring of the mood and needs of citizens and tracking the dynamic of demand for certain financial products, identifying errors and misunderstanding that citizens face when making financial decisions. The Georgian consumer is unique and his financial behaviour has an expressed national, cultural and geographical specificity. The financial culture, literacy and experience of our population are just starting to take shape. This research aims to deepen regional studies concerning various factors of financial literacy (financial skills, financial behaviour, values, style of money management, financial knowledge), in particular, to study the level of financial education of students and young people. \u0000 In the article, we studied the influence of financial literacy factors on the financial behaviour of pupils and students, using the synthesis and analysis of various scientific approaches, questionnaires and statistic processing methods, concerning the research problem. A financial education center was established at Akaki Tsereteli State University for the first time in the region, based on the analyses and the data obtained as a result of marketing research. Based on the centre, various measures have already been implemented in terms of improving the financial literacy of students and pupils. The main goal of the centre for the future will be the promotion of the culture of financial education of students and pupils within the available resources.\u0000 Keywords: financial knowledge, financial culture, financial behavior, financial skills, financial institutions, financial education, financial competence, values.","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90348405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possibilities of Air Transport Cluster Formation in Georgia","authors":"Mariam Churchelauri Mariam Churchelauri","doi":"10.36962/ecs105/5-7/2023-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36962/ecs105/5-7/2023-51","url":null,"abstract":"Aerial transport is one of the fastest and dynamically developing sectors of the world economy and holds an increasingly extremely strong position in the global transport system every year. The international air transport system consists not only of international airlines and airports but also of the states that connect with each other on international airlines and ensure communication in the area of air transportation, as well as for efficient operation and safety. International transport network currently includes all geographic regions and more than 150 countries of the world.\u0000 The geopolitical location and transit function of Georgia itself create the country’s natural competition preferred. By creating a competitive transport and logistic system, the country has the real opportunity to become part of the global transport system. The transport system is a collection of all kinds of vehicles (maritime, air, traffic, railroad, railroad, pipelines) requiring a complex approach and simultaneous management. This implies the coordinated development of vehicles, cooperation between the state and the private sectors, development of unified transport s policy and strategy that will promote complex development of transport infrastructure. This is best accomplished in an economic cluster that will certainly accelerate the efficient functioning of the sector. \u0000 Keywords: air-transport cluster, transport infrastructure, transit function, transport logistics.","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85129424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CORRELATION-REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS IN GEORGIA","authors":"Ia Dzebisauri Ia Dzebisauri","doi":"10.36962/ecs105/5-7/2023-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36962/ecs105/5-7/2023-07","url":null,"abstract":"Strengthening the vocational education system is one of the fundamental issues of the sustainable development of the country's economy. At the same time, vocational education is an important element of productivity growth. The economic competitiveness of the country significantly depends on the qualified labor force. At the same time, the skills and competencies of the professional workforce depend on the level of development of the education system, sustainability and quality of learning. In the modern competitive environment, vocational schools must have graduates who will be highly-educated, qualified and motivated workers, as the vocational education graduate is considered as an important factor of the country’s development.\u0000Vocational education can play an important role in the country's socio-economic development and poverty reduction. Qualitative vocational education contributes to the sustainable and inclusive development of the economy, strengthening human capital, reducing unemployment, introducing innovations and increasing competitiveness, social inclusion and raising the well-being of the population.\u0000Keywords: Vocational education, Correlation-regression analysis, Forecast, GDP.","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82950818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ROLE OF ACCOUNTING AND INTERNAL CONTROL IN THE ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM","authors":"Dezdemona Maglakelidze Dezdemona Maglakelidze, Natela Vashakidze Natela Vashakidze, Diana Uglava Diana Uglava","doi":"10.36962/ecs105/5-7/2023-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36962/ecs105/5-7/2023-66","url":null,"abstract":"For the development of international economic relations in Georgia, the role of accounting as the language of business is great, which requires compliance of accounting and reporting with the norms and rules recognized by the international practice of accounting. Because of this, a national accounting-reporting model was created in our country, for which the main normative documents of accounting regulation, the Law of Entrepreneurs and others were developed and put into effect. In enterprises, when the economic activity increases, it becomes necessary to create an internal control system for the protection of the current accounting and reporting legislation. In order for the internal control system to be fully involved in the management of enterprises, the main element of which is the internal audit, its goals must be realized, awareness raising, which is the goal of the abovementioned paper. Internal audit - this is the internal control of the enterprise, which is organized as a separate service in the enterprise, and their main task is to help accounting workers to perform their duties as efficiently and effectively as possible. Because of this, it is the duty of the internal auditors to check the accuracy of accounting information and to make recommendations for their improvement, thus they contribute to raising the quality of accounting and reporting in the enterprise.\u0000 Keywords: accounting, financial reporting, internal control, internal audit.","PeriodicalId":47220,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Politics","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90205842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}