Sanitarnyj vrač最新文献

{"title":"Vitamin D deficiency and malignancies","authors":"V. V. Krivosheev, E. V. Bilan","doi":"10.33920/med-08-2310-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-08-2310-06","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of domestic and foreign literature shows that oncological diseases are most often accompanied by a low level of 25(OH)D in the blood serum of patients and a high prevalence of deficiency and severe deficiency of vitamin D. It can be confidently stated that the level of 25(OH)D in serum blood of oncological patients, on average, is lower than in healthy people of the corresponding sex and age. In this regard, statistical studies were carried out, which demonstrated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the countries of Europe and North America, which is directly proportional to the level of annual mortality from cancer and the probability of death from cancer, any type of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases, and this relationship is statistically significant (p < 0.001). Oncological morbidity and mortality from cancer in the Russian Federation naturally increases especially in higher latitudes, which, along with other reasons, is associated with a limitation in the duration of the effective production of vitamin D3 in human skin under the influence of ultraviolet radiation. Some clinical studies of vitamin D supplementation as a therapeutic agent are showing measurable positive results in cancer, with far more positive than in placebo groups. However, negative results that are harmful to patients participating in clinical experiments have not been established in the study of many hundreds of studied articles on this issue. The most commonly seen beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation have been in the treatment of breast and colorectal cancer, which are particularly noticeable in patients with low baseline serum levels of 25(OH)D and high daily doses of 25(OH)D3 supplementation well above standard recommendations of 400–800 IU daily. Due to the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among cancer patients, taking into account international positive experience, it seems very useful and necessary to create domestic scientific foundations and expand the clinical practice of using vitamin D supplements as a therapeutic agent for cancer.","PeriodicalId":472209,"journal":{"name":"Sanitarnyj vrač","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136253794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-hygienic monitoring of the incidence of cervical erosion in women of the Republic of Dagestan","authors":"U. A. Magomedova, D. S. Bagandova, G. D. Mamasheva","doi":"10.33920/med-08-2310-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-08-2310-05","url":null,"abstract":"Cervical erosion is diagnosed in about 15 % of the female population and its causes are not well understood. Among the main etiological factors mention infections, injuries, inflammation, hormonal disorders.Cervical erosion is often accompanied by unpleasant painful symptoms and in many cases turns into precancerous and cancerous diseases, which requires careful monitoring for early detection of pathology and timely initiation of treatment. Common methods for diagnosing diseases of the cervix are colposcopy, cytological examination and, if necessary, histological analysis. In some cases, the impact of environmental factors, including anthropogenic impacts, may lead to an increase in the incidence of cervical erosion in women. The Republic of Dagestan is dominated by agricultural production and there is an excess application of pesticides to the soils of the region. Despite a significant reduction in the pesticide load in recent years, it is still quite high. Some published papers discuss the relationship between the excess of pesticides in the soil and the incidence of cervical erosion in women of Dagestan. Obviously, in addition to the characteristic risk factors described in the literature, the local female population is exposed to additional harmful effects associated with agricultural production. This makes it relevant to conduct a general monitoring of the incidence of this pathology among women in Dagestan. The purpose of this article is to analyze additional risk factors for the development of cervical erosion in women of the Republic of Dagestan and the possibility of monitoring the female population for early detection of the disease.","PeriodicalId":472209,"journal":{"name":"Sanitarnyj vrač","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136253632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the long-term results of effectiveness of children’s recreation and health improvement in recreation and health improvement organizations","authors":"I. I. Novikova, N. A. Zubtsovskaya, O. M. Kulikova, A. V. Sorokina","doi":"10.33920/med-08-2310-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-08-2310-04","url":null,"abstract":"The main form of organized recreation for children, which, according to many authors, has probably the greatest health-improving effect, is considered to be stationary out-of-town organizations. There is great interest in the effect of spending time in recreational organizations on children’s health and evaluation of its possible effects. However, if the assessment of the effects of recreation has been implemented in practice for a long time, there is relatively little information about the long-term effects of recreation in the literature. The purpose of the study is to study the possible long-term effects of recuperation in children who stayed in recreation and health improvement organizations. The data from a survey of 392 schoolchildren from 10 to 17 years old conducted in March 2021 were analyzed. In comparison with children who spent the summer in the city or went to the countryside, the proportion of children who stayed in the camp and did not get colds was higher, while the proportion of those who got sick twice a year or more was lower. Children who stayed in recreation and health improvement organizations indicated themselves to be in a good or normal mood and well-being and to have average or good stress tolerance more often than children who spent their summers in urban areas. According to the results obtained after processing the results by methods of statistical analysis, we can assume that spending time in recreation and health improvement organizations has a positive effect on the immunity, mood and well-being of children not only during their stay, but also several months after it. Due to the high actuality of applying the assessment of the effectiveness of children’s recuperation, the evaluation of the long-term effects of recuperation requires further in-depth research.","PeriodicalId":472209,"journal":{"name":"Sanitarnyj vrač","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136253634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epstein-Barr virus infection: from awareness of medical staff to the organization of epidemic control measures","authors":"M. M. Kulikova, G. Yu. Nikitina, T. V. Solomay, E. V. Zhukova, A. V. Semenenko, T. P. Gotvyanskaya","doi":"10.33920/med-08-2310-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-08-2310-02","url":null,"abstract":"The actuality of the infection caused by the Epstein — Barr virus (EBV) is due to its ubiquitous spread, the increase in morbidity, the chronic course of the infectious process, the high risk of the pathogen spread in organized groups of children and adults. A leading role in the timely identification and isolation of patients from medical organizations plays the awareness of medical workers on the issues of epidemiology, clinic and diagnosis of EBV infection. In order to assess the awareness of medical workers on these issues, a survey was conducted of 1,023 employees of various medical organizations in Moscow, including 514 doctors of therapeutic departments of hospitals, 342 otorhinolaryngologists, 167 dentists and assistants dentists. The conducted study revealed low awareness of medical personnel on all questions of the questionnaire, which creates a risk of nosocomial spread of the pathogen and requires an in-depth study of the epidemic process of EBV infection in the conditions of medical care for the subsequent development of a set of preventive and epidemic-control measures.","PeriodicalId":472209,"journal":{"name":"Sanitarnyj vrač","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136253795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of some parameters of the COVID-19 epidemic process and the epidemiological effectiveness of the use of the Gam-COVID–Vac vaccine among employees of two medical organizations in the Moscow region","authors":"A. A. Murzina, R. R. Ayvazyan, I. B. Kalnin, G. G. Maryin, A. N. Kaira","doi":"10.33920/med-08-2310-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-08-2310-01","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the features of the COVID-19 epidemic process for 2020–2022 and the results of the effectiveness of the «Gam-COVID-Vac» vaccine used in employees of two different medical organizations (MO). In both institutions, the dynamics of a decrease in the incidence of COVID-19 with asynchronous periods of growth and decline of varying intensity and duration has been established. It is noted that in the regional hospital, each epidemic period of growth and decline was more intense than in a psychiatric hospital. In the studied organizations, seasonal increases in morbidity were revealed, characteristic of infections with airborne transmission, as well as an increase in morbidity in other months associated with the appearance of new variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The highest proportion of COVID-19 cases was among employees of the age group from 30 to 49 years and nursing staff. In the Ministry of Defense, asymptomatic and mild forms of the disease prevailed among those who had COVID-19 and accounted for 76.5 % in a psychiatric hospital and 67.3 % in a regional hospital. The proportion of severe forms of diseases was 2.1 times higher among employees of the regional hospital. According to the results of the survey, various places of infection of employees of the Ministry of Defense were identified. In the regional hospital, nosocomial infection prevailed, in the psychiatric hospital, employees were more often infected outside the institution. A decrease in the effectiveness index (IE) of the Gum-COVID-Vac vaccine was found both in a psychiatric hospital and in a regional hospital from 12.0 in 2021 to 3.3 in 2022 and from 12.8 to 4.5, respectively, and the efficiency coefficient (CE) from 91.7 to 69.4 % and from 92.2 up to 77.9 %, respectively. Correlation coefficient between the incidence of COVID-19 and vaccination of employees with the drug «Gam-COVID-Vac» in a psychiatric hospital for 2021–2022. it was minus 0.42 %, in the regional hospital — minus 0.24 %, which indicates a negative strength of the connection and a decrease in the effectiveness of vaccination, which requires a change in immunization tactics and the need to improve the vaccine.","PeriodicalId":472209,"journal":{"name":"Sanitarnyj vrač","volume":"57 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136253373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hygienic study of attention and memory of students","authors":"Zh. V. Gudinova, Yu. S. Vaskovskaya, G. N. Zhernakovа","doi":"10.33920/med-08-2310-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-08-2310-03","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of a study of some characteristics of memory and attention of 140 thirdyear students of the medical, pediatric and dental faculties of Omsk State Medical University, conducted at the beginning of hygiene classes according to the curriculum. In comparison with the norms from literary sources, the best result was noted in terms of the volume of figurative memory (99.3 % of positive results among the subjects) and attention switching (90.8 %). 2/3 of the students demonstrated good short-term and long-term memory. Half of the students (51.4 %) coped with the task of assessing the distribution of attention. Reference intervals for the indicator of attention switching T (Schulte tables), an indicator of the distribution of attention and semantic memory, were proposed, which are absent in the available literature. The worst indicators of switching attention in girls at 8:00 am compared to those in boys and girls in the daytime were established, which probably indicates a higher sensitivity of the female body to lack of sleep. A significant influence on the verbal-logical memory of the factor of the day of the school week was established (the worst indicators were on Monday and Friday, the best were in the middle of the week and on Saturday), as well as the effect of testing time on figurative and long-term memory (the best indicators were noted at 13:00). In connection with the foregoing, it is recommended to conduct memory and attention studies in the middle of the day, excluding the early morning hours, especially for girls, and also to regulate the start of classes at the university no earlier than 8:30, especially in large cities.","PeriodicalId":472209,"journal":{"name":"Sanitarnyj vrač","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136253132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some aspects of the impact of noise on the health of the population of the city of Vladivostok","authors":"I. L. Ivanova, A. A. Vazhenina, O. Yu. Yamilova, O. P. Gritsina","doi":"10.33920/med-08-2309-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-08-2309-02","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, sociological, laboratory, medical and statistical research methods. The population of the city of Vladivostok was chosen as the object of the study from 2019 to 2022. For the study, the points of measurement of noise generated by a commercial port, motor transport, railway near residential buildings and social facilities located in close proximity to the noise source were determined in the conditions of the existing residential development. During the study period, 202 measurements of the actual noise level were carried out.Based on the calculations of the levels of risk to public health, the existing noise levels in the territory of the city of Vladivostok, the probability of an adverse effect from the nervous system and hearing aid is estimated as a moderate risk to health, from the cardiovascular system is close to extreme. Based on the results obtained, measures are needed to organize constant monitoring of the noise load on the residential territory of the city of Vladivostok. It is recommended to develop measures to reduce the noise load taking into account the medium and short term (1–3 years). When assessing the impact of traffic noise on the health of the population of the city of Vladivostok, within the framework of social and hygienic monitoring, it is necessary to take into account the combined effects of chemical and physical factors. Based on the results obtained, measures are needed to organize constant monitoring of the noise load on the residential territory of the city of Vladivostok.","PeriodicalId":472209,"journal":{"name":"Sanitarnyj vrač","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135097447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between the birth rate and wages of the population in the regions of Russia in 2020-2022","authors":"N.A. Pavlovskaya","doi":"10.33920/med-08-2309-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-08-2309-03","url":null,"abstract":"The article conducted an analysis of the relationship of fertility and wages in the regions of the Russian Federation for 2020, 2021 and 2022. It is shown that a decrease in the birth rate in many regions led to an increase in the number of regions with low birth rate (5.8–7.9 people by 1000) by 3 times. It was established that with salaries from 15 to 50–60 thousand rublesшIn a month, the birth rate depended on the level of salaries. At the same time, the intensity of the salary contribution to the birth rate depended on the salary. The lower the salary was, the more intense the influence of its birth rate is intensively expressed. The most intensive effect on the decrease in the birth rate was observed with salaries of 15–20 thousand rubles/month. The lowest birth rate was noted in regions in which more than 19 % of the population received a salary of less than 15 thousand rubles/month. Currently, with salaries of more than 60 thousand rubles a month, the influence of the economic factor on the birth rate is small. The results can be used in the development of issues to improve the demographic situation in the Russian Federation.","PeriodicalId":472209,"journal":{"name":"Sanitarnyj vrač","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135097445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the dynamics of the vitamin D level increase and the development of a method for calculating the required duration of cholecalciferol intake","authors":"V. V. Krivosheev, I. V. Kozlovsky, L. Yu. Nikitina, A. V. Fedorov","doi":"10.33920/med-08-2309-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-08-2309-04","url":null,"abstract":"Pandemic D-avitaminosis swept the planet. Among the inhabitants of the northern hemisphere, about 45 % are deficient, and 32 % have insufficient vitamin D serum levels. In Russia, the situation is even more tense: the level of deficiency was registered in 56.4 % of the population, and insufficiency in 27.87 % of our fellow citizens. Maintaining an optimal concentration of vitamin D in the blood serum reduces the risk and severity of autoimmune, cardiovascular diseases, many types of cancer, dementia, type 1 and 2 diabetes, respiratory tract infections, improves dental and oral health, and increases physical performance. The problem of the increased prevalence of vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy, which has serious consequences not only for the mother, but also for the child throughout later life, requires special attention. A review of the documents regulating the intake of vitamin D supplements suggests that there is some uncertainty in the instructions, which leads to a wide variability in medical recommendations to patients on the choice of the type of drug, its dosage and the duration of vitamin D intake. Recommendations on the required duration of vitamin D supplementation, in our opinion, look the most vulnerable and insufficiently substantiated, therefore, in this work, on the basis of international clinical practice, studies of the dynamics of the increment in the level of vitamin D were carried out and a method was developed for calculating the required duration of taking the most common vitamin D3 preparations at present. The analysis of domestic and foreign practice of increasing the level of vitamin D in the blood serum, as well as the conducted statistical studies, allow, with some caution, to draw the following conclusions. When taking vitamin D3 preparations, the increase in the level of 25(OH)D over time is quite correctly described by an exponential equation. As the duration of taking vitamin D3 preparations increases, the rate of increase in the level of 25(OH)D in the blood serum decreases. The current calcifediol level when taking in vitamin D3 preparations in asymptotical persons, is associated with a power-law dependence on the daily drug dose and increases as it increases. As shown by numerous results of clinical trials, the main increase in the level of 25(OH)D occurs within 30–90 days under different conditions. The multiple regression equation we obtained indicates that the time of blood serum saturation with vitamin D3 is inversely related to the daily dose of the drug, the patient’s age, and the initial level of 25(OH)D in the blood serum. The method developed by the authors makes it possible to estimate the dynamics of the increase in the level of 25(OH)D in the patient’s blood serum as vitamin D3 preparations are taken and to determine the required duration of the drug intake.","PeriodicalId":472209,"journal":{"name":"Sanitarnyj vrač","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135097446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unforgettable names: Ivan Dmitrievich Degtyarev, the sanitary doctor of the provincial city of Orenburg","authors":"A. I. Neplokhov, A. A. Neplokhov, D. A. Kryazhev","doi":"10.33920/med-08-2309-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-08-2309-05","url":null,"abstract":"Sanitation in Russia originated at the beginning of the 19th century. At the time of its organization, the service was part of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, later it became part of the zemstvo sanitary organization. Particularly interesting and fateful for the service is the period of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, since during this period the prerequisites were formed for the creation of the Sanitary and Epidemiological Service as an independent state executive body. The purpose of this work is to study the history of the development of the sanitary and epidemiological service in the provincial city of Orenburg and the contribution of the sanitary doctor I.D. Degtyarev in the period of its formation and development. The study studied archival materials of the life of pre-revolutionary Orenburg, books of local historians, information about the sanitary condition and measures to prevent the occurrence of mass infectious diseases. The study highlights the main hygienic and epidemiological problems of pre-revolutionary Orenburg and the measures taken by the sanitary doctor aimed at maintaining the health of the population. The paper presents biographical information about I.D. Degtyarev, shows his contribution to the organization of sanitary and preventive measures.","PeriodicalId":472209,"journal":{"name":"Sanitarnyj vrač","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135097449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}