AI & Society最新文献_第7页

Eliza and the artist 伊丽莎和艺术家

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-024-01918-y

Karamjit S. Gill

引用次数: 0

Using rhetorical strategies to design prompts: a human-in-the-loop approach to make AI useful

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-024-01905-3

Nupoor Ranade, Marly Saravia, Aditya Johri

{"title":"Using rhetorical strategies to design prompts: a human-in-the-loop approach to make AI useful","authors":"Nupoor Ranade, Marly Saravia, Aditya Johri","doi":"10.1007/s00146-024-01905-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00146-024-01905-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The growing capabilities of artificial intelligence (AI) word processing models have demonstrated exceptional potential to impact language related tasks and functions. Their fast pace of adoption and probable effect has also given rise to controversy within certain fields. Models, such as GPT-3, are a particular concern for professionals engaged in writing, particularly as their engagement with these technologies is limited due to lack of ability to control their output. Most efforts to maximize and control output rely on a process known as prompt engineering, the construction and modification of the inputted prompt with expectation for certain outputted or desired text. Consequently, prompt engineering has emerged as an important consideration for research and practice. Previous conceptions of prompt engineering have largely focused on technical and logistic modifications to the back-end processing, remaining inaccessible and, still, limited for most users. In this paper, we look to the technical communication field and its methods of text generation—the rhetorical situation—to conceptualize prompt engineering in a more comprehensible way for its users by considering the context and rhetoric. We introduce a framework, consisting of a formula, to prompt engineering, which demands all components of the rhetorical situation be present in the inputted prompt. We present discussions on the future of AI writing models and their use in both professional and educational settings. Ultimately, this discussion and its findings aim to provide a means of integrating agency and writer-centric methods to AI writing tools to advance a more human-in-the-loop approach. As the use of generative AI and especially NLP-based technologies become common across societal functions, the use of prompt engineering will play a crucial role not just in adoption of the technology, but also its productive and responsible use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47165,"journal":{"name":"AI & Society","volume":"40 2","pages":"711 - 732"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-024-01905-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AI statecraft heating-up: the automation of governance through Canada’s Chinook case study 人工智能国家治理升温：通过加拿大 "奇努克 "案例研究实现治理自动化

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-024-01903-5

Nicolas Chartier-Edwards, Marek Blottiere, Jonathan Roberge

{"title":"AI statecraft heating-up: the automation of governance through Canada’s Chinook case study","authors":"Nicolas Chartier-Edwards, Marek Blottiere, Jonathan Roberge","doi":"10.1007/s00146-024-01903-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00146-024-01903-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the years 2020–2021, journalists, lawyers, scholars, and civil society actors noticed an unusual spike in the refusal of francophone African immigrants in Québec, Canada. While Immigration, refugee and citizenship Canada’s systemic racism problem were already documented, the novelty appeared to be how standardized and sometimes, “nonsensical” the reasons given to many of the applicants were. This eventually prompted a lawsuit against IRCC in which it was revealed that a new piece of software called “Chinook” had been deployed since 2018, approximately at the same time application refusal started spiking. Online and media-fueled speculations culminated in a broad debate about whether Chinook was an artificial intelligence-based technology. Such controversy, for instance, unfolded during parliamentary consultations in which it was finally disclosed that Chinook was not AI per se., but more of a half-baked automated interface. The present article aims to understand how the performative ambiguity of Chinook informs on the progressive becoming of the Canadian Federal state and its immigration control practices in the current Machine Learning hype. Furthermore, it seeks to understand how the interlacing of public–private partnership, in which the private sector is mobilized to produce AI-driven technology, recursively transforms the exercise of governance and governmentality. We argue, through the Chinook controversy and its unfolding, that there is a shift occurring where AI becomes ever more central in statecraft “anarchitecture” and cybernetic adaptability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47165,"journal":{"name":"AI & Society","volume":"40 2","pages":"765 - 774"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140370786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The work of art in the age of artificial intelligibility 人工智能时代的艺术作品

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-023-01845-4

John McLoughlin

{"title":"The work of art in the age of artificial intelligibility","authors":"John McLoughlin","doi":"10.1007/s00146-023-01845-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00146-023-01845-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The emergence of complex deep-learning models capable of producing novel images on a practically innumerable number of subjects and in an equally wide variety of artistic styles is beginning to highlight serious inadequacies in the ethical, aesthetic, epistemological and legal frameworks we have so far used to categorise art. To begin tackling these issues and identifying a role for AI in the production and protection of human artwork, it is necessary to take a multidisciplinary approach which considers current legal precedents, the practice of software engineering, historical attitudes towards technological innovation and a sustained technical analysis of the models themselves. This paper queries the location and nature of substantive artistic work in the developmental stages of an AI-generated image, offering critiques of existing assumptions and posing questions for future research. The emergence of convincing AI creative output, artistic or literary, has significant long-term implications for the humanities, including the need for re-appraisal of foundational ideas about authorship and creativity in general. The effects of artificial intelligence, whether generalised or task-specific, cannot be ignored or displaced now that easy-access, scalable image and text production is a reality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47165,"journal":{"name":"AI & Society","volume":"40 2","pages":"371 - 383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-023-01845-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140371173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human presencing: an alternative perspective on human embodiment and its implications for technology 人的存在：关于人的体现及其对技术影响的另一种视角

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-024-01874-7

Marie-Theres Fester-Seeger

{"title":"Human presencing: an alternative perspective on human embodiment and its implications for technology","authors":"Marie-Theres Fester-Seeger","doi":"10.1007/s00146-024-01874-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00146-024-01874-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p> Human presencing explores how people’s past encounters with others shape their present actions. In this paper, I present an alternative perspective on human embodiment in which the re-evoking of the absent can be traced to the intricate interplay of bodily dynamics. By situating the phenomenon within distributed, embodied, and dialogic approaches to language and cognition, I am overcoming the theoretical and methodological challenges involved in perceiving and acting upon what is not perceptually present. In a case study, I present strong and weak dimensions of human presencing. In the former, a person uses their body in distinct ways and shapes their immediate ecology to make others present to them. In contrast, in the latter, a person’s past encounter with others powerfully shapes the projections they make onto written digital inscriptions. These findings have implications for how people act in online learning environments and how human activity shapes the machines we use every day. In this way, the paper highlights the complexity of a person as a social being and allows for different approaches to human embodiment in technology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47165,"journal":{"name":"AI & Society","volume":"40 2","pages":"385 - 403"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-024-01874-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140375332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Technology impact model: a transition from the technology acceptance model 技术影响模型：从技术接受模型过渡而来

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-024-01896-1

Peterson K. Ozili

引用次数: 0

Can AI determine its own future? 人工智能能否决定自己的未来？

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-024-01892-5

Aybike Tunç

引用次数: 0

Not “what”, but “where is creativity?”: towards a relational-materialist approach to generative AI 不是 "是什么"，而是 "创造力在哪里？"：走向生成式人工智能的关系-物质主义方法

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-024-01921-3

Claudio Celis Bueno, Pei-Sze Chow, Ada Popowicz

{"title":"Not “what”, but “where is creativity?”: towards a relational-materialist approach to generative AI","authors":"Claudio Celis Bueno, Pei-Sze Chow, Ada Popowicz","doi":"10.1007/s00146-024-01921-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00146-024-01921-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The recent emergence of generative AI software as viable tools for use in the cultural and creative industries has sparked debates about the potential for “creativity” to be automated and “augmented” by algorithmic machines. Such discussions, however, begin from an ontological position, attempting to define creativity by either falling prey to universalism (i.e. “creativity is X”) or reductionism (i.e. “only humans can be truly creative” or “human creativity will be fully replaced by creative machines”). Furthermore, such an approach evades addressing the real and material impacts of AI on creative labour in these industries. This article thus offers more expansive methodological and conceptual approaches to the recent hype on generative AI. By combining (Csikszentmihalyi, The systems model of creativity, Springer, Dordrecht, 2014) systems view of creativity, in which we emphasise the shift from “what” to “where” is creativity, with (Lievrouw, Media technologies, The MIT Press, 2014) relational-materialist theory of “mediation”, we argue that the study of “creativity” in the context of generative AI must be attentive to the interactions between technologies, practices, and social arrangements. When exploring the relational space between these elements, three core concepts become pertinent: creative labour, automation, and distributed agency. Critiquing “creativity” through these conceptual lenses allows us to re-situate the use of generative AI within discourses of labour in post-industrial capitalism and brings us to a conceptualisation of creativity that privileges neither the human user nor machine algorithm but instead emphasises a relational and distributed form of agency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47165,"journal":{"name":"AI & Society","volume":"40 2","pages":"339 - 351"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-024-01921-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140219228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Manifestations of xenophobia in AI systems

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-024-01893-4

Nenad Tomasev, Jonathan Leader Maynard, Iason Gabriel

引用次数: 0

Collaborative route map and navigation of the guide dog robot based on optimum energy consumption 基于最佳能耗的导盲犬机器人协作路线图和导航

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-024-01879-2

Bin Hong, Yihang Guo, Meimei Chen, Yahui Nie, Changyuan Feng, Fugeng Li

{"title":"Collaborative route map and navigation of the guide dog robot based on optimum energy consumption","authors":"Bin Hong, Yihang Guo, Meimei Chen, Yahui Nie, Changyuan Feng, Fugeng Li","doi":"10.1007/s00146-024-01879-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00146-024-01879-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The guide dog robot (GDR) is a low-speed companion robot that serves visually impaired people and is used to guide blind people to walk steadily, carrying a variety of intelligent technologies and needing to have the ability to guide with optimal energy consumption in specific scenarios. This paper proposes an innovative technique for virtual-real collaborative path planning and navigation of the GDR specific indoor scenarios, and designs an experimental method for virtual-real collaborative path planning of the GDR specific scenarios. The energy consumption integral equation is used to solve for the energy consumption of the GDR with virtual-real synergy, and the difference in energy consumption is compared for three different navigation directions: horizontal, vertical and oblique obstacle avoidance. The results show that the optimized GDR saves 6.91% in rectilinear movement and 10.60% in curved movement. The efficiency of planning and navigating the GDR in specific domestic scenarios is verified by a virtual-real cooperative. The realization of optimal path planning for energy consumption is instrumental in exploring many of the most significant thought in the path planning and navigation of mobile robots in indoor specific scenarios.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47165,"journal":{"name":"AI & Society","volume":"40 2","pages":"733 - 739"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140223081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0