AI & Society最新文献

{"title":"Can AI have a sense of morality?","authors":"Donghee Shin","doi":"10.1007/s00146-025-02476-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00146-025-02476-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47165,"journal":{"name":"AI & Society","volume":"40 6","pages":"4169 - 4170"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond symbol processing: the embodied limits of LLMs and the gap between AI and human cognition","authors":"Rasmus Gahrn-Andersen","doi":"10.1007/s00146-025-02382-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00146-025-02382-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47165,"journal":{"name":"AI & Society","volume":"40 5","pages":"3105 - 3107"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age of Disruption","authors":"Jan Soeffner","doi":"10.1007/s00146-025-02365-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00146-025-02365-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47165,"journal":{"name":"AI & Society","volume":"40 4","pages":"2011 - 2014"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-025-02365-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143949648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trust influence on AI HR tools perceived usefulness in Swiss HRM: the mediating roles of perceived fairness and privacy concerns","authors":"Guillaume Revillod","doi":"10.1007/s00146-025-02216-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00146-025-02216-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study looks at factors influencing, first, trust in artificial intelligence (AI) systems in human resources management, second, perceived usefulness of these tools. Based on a survey experiment provided to 324 private and public Swiss HR professionals’, it first explores how some trust in automation framework’s predictors are related to trust in HR AI tools and, then, how this trust is in return related to UTAUT’s perceived usefulness of these AI-enhanced tools. To do this, the following article is based on a PLS-SEM structural equation model. Its main findings are that reliability, familiarity, intention of developers and propensity to trust are directly positively related to trust in the HR AI tools studied here. Nevertheless, public employees declare more negative feelings toward AI in HRM. Indeed, the latter systematically have less trust in HR AI than private employees. However, public sector employees do not find them any less useful or efficient than private sector employees, except when it comes to the HR AI tools used to assess employee performance and behavior. In addition to this, trust in these tools is systematically positively linked to their perceived usefulness. This influence is partly mediated by the perceived decision fairness of our tools, but not by the absence of privacy concerns associated with them. This said, this article makes a significant contribution to the literature about private and public actors’ perceptions of nascent HR AI-enhanced tools.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47165,"journal":{"name":"AI & Society","volume":"40 6","pages":"4789 - 4822"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-025-02216-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explainable AI, LLM, and digitized archival cultural heritage: a case study of the Grand Ducal Archive of the Medici","authors":"Gabor Mihaly Toth,&nbsp;Richard Albrecht,&nbsp;Cedric Pruski","doi":"10.1007/s00146-025-02238-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00146-025-02238-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Since the advent of modern computational technologies, libraries and archives have been harnessing the power of computers to produce electronic finding aids for our archival cultural heritage. Today, with the arrival of generative artificial intelligence (specifically, large language models or LLMs), there are new opportunities to post-process these finding aids and enhance access to archival heritage. In this paper, we present a case study of AI-assisted post-processing; we also show how AI can help unlock cultural heritage if combined with interactive data visualization. Our case study focuses on the Grand Ducal Archive of the Medici, partially digitized and electronically cataloged by the Medici Archive Project. We used generative AI to post-process the electronic catalog of the Medici's early modern period correspondence, developing a prototype visual finding aid. Throughout the paper, we present the post-processing steps and introduce the visual finding aid. In conclusion, we critically examine AI's application in the heritage sector and urge GLAM professionals to embrace the technology and open their collections for AI-assisted post-processing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47165,"journal":{"name":"AI & Society","volume":"40 6","pages":"4561 - 4573"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-025-02238-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstaining machine learning: philosophical considerations","authors":"Daniela Schuster","doi":"10.1007/s00146-025-02188-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00146-025-02188-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper establishes a connection between the fields of machine learning (ML) and philosophy concerning the phenomenon of behaving neutrally. It investigates a specific class of ML systems capable of delivering a neutral response to a given task, referred to as abstaining machine learning systems, that has not yet been studied from a philosophical perspective. The paper introduces and explains various abstaining machine learning systems, and categorizes them into distinct types. An examination is conducted on how abstention in the different machine learning system types aligns with the epistemological counterpart of suspended judgment, addressing both the nature of suspension and its normative profile. Additionally, a philosophical analysis is suggested on the autonomy and explainability of the abstaining response. It is argued, specifically, that one of the distinguished types of abstaining systems is preferable as it aligns more closely with our criteria for suspended judgment. Moreover, it is better equipped to autonomously generate abstaining outputs and offer explanations for abstaining outputs when compared to the other type.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47165,"journal":{"name":"AI & Society","volume":"40 6","pages":"4213 - 4233"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-025-02188-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence (AI)-poverty-economic growth nexus in selected BRICS-Plus countries: does the moderating role of governance matter?","authors":"Charles Shaaba Saba","doi":"10.1007/s00146-025-02213-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00146-025-02213-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The BRICS nations (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) aim to achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 1 (poverty eradication) and SDG 8 (sustainable economic growth), yet the moderating role of governance in artificial intelligence (AI)-poverty-growth nexus remains underexplored. Therefore, this study investigates the AI-poverty-economic growth nexus in selected BRICS-Plus countries (2012–2023), with governance as a moderating variable, using the Cross-Sectional Augmented Autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) technique. The results show a long-term equilibrium among variables, with unidirectional causality: (i) from growth to AI, and (ii) from AI to poverty and governance quality. The findings highlight AI’s transformative potential in tackling poverty and governance issues, with economic growth enabling AI advancements. This underscores the critical need to integrate AI within governance frameworks to address development challenges effectively. The short-run CS-ARDL results for the growth model indicate that AI and governance boost growth, though their interaction diminishes AI's impact. In the long-run, both sustain growth, with stricter governance moderating AI's potential. For the poverty model, AI increases poverty in the short-run, while governance reduces poverty by improving resource allocation and mitigating AI's impacts. The interaction between AI and governance highlights their role in moderating AI’s adverse effects. In the long-run, AI modestly worsens poverty, while governance alleviates poverty by promoting growth and redistributing AI-driven gains. The policy implications stress improving governance to balance AI’s economic benefits and mitigate poverty, emphasizing equitable resource allocation to harness AI’s potential for sustainable growth.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47165,"journal":{"name":"AI & Society","volume":"40 6","pages":"4729 - 4763"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-025-02213-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copyright, Privacy, and Public Access in News Archives: a proof of concept on the Boston Globe photograph morgue","authors":"Giulia Taurino,&nbsp;Sarah Sweeney,&nbsp;Drew Facklam,&nbsp;David A. Smith","doi":"10.1007/s00146-025-02208-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00146-025-02208-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Whether supplementing written articles in newspapers or playing a leading role in photo-reporting, photography has achieved an influencial role in the delivery of information and framing of narratives to mass audiences. Photojournalism archives represent a unique source of historical data and public records about local, national, and international events, political movements, demonstrations, and urban development. This paper outlines a data archaeology project that leverages artificial intelligence (AI) for organizing and searching through photojournalism collections, based on the Boston Globe photograph morgue. While the primary goal of the project is to foster public access to news archives, the large-scale digitization and recovery of information from photojournalism collections raises ethical questions about intellectual property and the right to identity protection when records are made available online. We present a proof of concept that tackles these issues by means of AI, while still offering equitable access to journalism archives that are often kept inaccessible within private media institutions. The first part of the paper discusses how machine learning can resolve the lack of resources to parse through data on digital surrogates. After providing an introduction to the use of ML to facilitate access to information in the Boston Globe photograph morgue, we outline two partially automated computational tasks: (1) an AI toolkit for transcribing archivists’ notes and to recover photographers’ names and creation dates, which can be used by librarians and archivists to assess copyright on records; (2) a pipeline for face detection and blurring that detects areas where identifiable people are present and allows for anonymization. As news archiving is confronted with challenges derived from the “digital heap” of orphaned data, privatization, and other barriers to journalism records, this report explores an ethical approach to structuring data in news archives for public access, by preserving intellectual property and privacy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47165,"journal":{"name":"AI & Society","volume":"40 6","pages":"4363 - 4381"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-025-02208-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ChatGPT and academic work: new psychological phenomena","authors":"Joost de Winter,&nbsp;P. A. Hancock,&nbsp;Yke Bauke Eisma","doi":"10.1007/s00146-025-02241-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00146-025-02241-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study describes the impact of ChatGPT use on the nature of work from the perspective of academics and educators. We elucidate six phenomena: (1) the cognitive workload associated with conducting Turing tests to determine if ChatGPT has been involved in work productions; (2) the ethical void and alienation that result from recondite ChatGPT use; (3) insights into the motives of individuals who fail to disclose their ChatGPT use, while, at the same time, the recipient does not reveal their awareness of that use; (4) the sense of ennui as the meanings of texts dissipate and no longer reveal the sender’s state of understanding; (5) a redefinition of utility, wherein certain texts show redundancy with patterns already embedded in the base model, while physical measurements and personal observations are considered as unique and novel; (6) a power dynamic between sender and recipient, inadvertently leaving non-participants as disadvantaged third parties. This paper makes clear that the introduction of AI tools into society has far-reaching effects, initially most prominent in text-related fields, such as academia. Whether these implementations represent beneficial innovations for human prosperity, or a rather different line of social evolution, represents the pith of our present discussion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47165,"journal":{"name":"AI & Society","volume":"40 6","pages":"4855 - 4868"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-025-02241-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Ease, comfort, and control”: Ideologies of design in software coding","authors":"Jürgen Spitzmüller","doi":"10.1007/s00146-025-02242-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00146-025-02242-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper provides an explorative investigation into how the development of software (front- and backends) is framed by reflexive assumptions, ascriptions, and expectations as to how software should be ‘designed’ to provide the user with ‘good’, ‘transparent’ and ‘controllable’ handling of applications or software environments. Drawing on metapragmatic theory, the notions of <i>ideologies of communication</i>, <i>ideologies of communification</i>, and particularly <i>ideologies of design</i>, the paper unfolds how software designers draw on, and struggle upon, specific notions of graphic transparency, simplicity, and elegance which are densely linked with language and media ideologies about ‘effective communication’ as well as with specific ideas and ideals of community building and maintenance (e.g., drawing on ‘empowerment’ and ‘inclusiveness’) that are envisioned to be bound to specific forms of (‘open’, ‘inviting’, and fully user- ‘controllable’) design and communication. The case in point is a major free and open-source software project that aims to provide a comprehensive free desktop environment including software libraries and a comprehensive software ecosystem, the GNOME project that is currently among the most prominent desktop environments on the Linux operation system. In theoretical terms, the paper contributes to the current discussion in sociolinguistics, linguistic anthropology, and media studies about design as a social value and semiotic device and the opening of metapragmatics towards non-linguistic semiotic resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47165,"journal":{"name":"AI & Society","volume":"40 6","pages":"4605 - 4618"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-025-02242-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}