Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry最新文献_第2页

Proximal Fibular Osteotomy Vs Proximal Fibular Osteotomy with Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid: Difference in Terms of Pain Relief and Functional Outcome 腓骨近端截骨术与腓骨近端截骨术与关节内透明质酸：疼痛缓解和功能结果的差异

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/017

{"title":"Proximal Fibular Osteotomy Vs Proximal Fibular Osteotomy with Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid: Difference in Terms of Pain Relief and Functional Outcome","authors":"","doi":"10.36283/pjmd13-1/017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36283/pjmd13-1/017","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex, progressive illness marked by cartilage deterioration and adjacent bone enlargement, and management is challenging due to poor connective tissue self-regeneration. This study compared the effects of proximal fibular osteotomy (PFO) alone versus PFO with intra-articular hyaluronic acid injections (IAHA) among patients presenting with knee OA.\u0000\u0000Methods: A quasi-experimental study was done at Ziauddin Hospital’s orthopedics department from March 2020 to March 2021. Patients with medial compartment knee joint OA requiring surgery aged≥40 years and BMI of <30kg/m2 were included. All participants were assigned into two groups, PFO was done alone in group A (n=30) and with IAHA in group B (n=30). Both groups had their medial joint spaces measured and documented pre- and post-operatively, as well as their Oxford knee score and visual analog scale (VAS). SPSS version 25 was used and the normality of data was assessed using Shapiro-Wilk’s test. The mean difference (post-pre) was compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. A p≤0.05 was statistically significant.\u0000\u0000Results: A total of 60 patients were included with a mean age of 51.30±4.87 in Group A and 50.83±6.17 in Group B. Outcomes in both groups were improved considerably with a significant p<0.0001 in groups, in terms of pain and function determined using Oxford knee score, medial joint space measurement, and VAS score.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: PFO alone and PFO with IAHA show significantly improved results in terms of functional outcomes, but the use of IAHA in combination with PFO, has considerably better results in terms of pain relief.","PeriodicalId":471597,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry","volume":"235 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140502196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preventing Ocular Surface Foreign Body Complications: Enhancing Awareness and Precaution 预防眼表异物并发症：加强认识和预防

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/008

{"title":"Preventing Ocular Surface Foreign Body Complications: Enhancing Awareness and Precaution","authors":"","doi":"10.36283/pjmd13-1/008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36283/pjmd13-1/008","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ocular surface foreign bodies are the second most common emergency condition in the ophthalmology department OPD, which can be easily prevented through proper precautionary measures. Also, they can be either superficial or embedded into the cornea or conjunctiva. In this study, we aimed to create awareness regarding the prevention and management of such cases to reduce ocular complications.\u0000\u0000Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in the Ophthalmology department of Ziauddin University Hospital Karachi. The study duration was 4 years from 16th November 2019 to 15 November 2022. Patients presented to the ophthalmology department OPD with complaints of ocular foreign bodies were examined clinically and a total of 427 patients were included in the study who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The data was collected and analyzed on SPSS 23. The chi-square test was used to compare the variables.\u0000\u0000Results: Our study analyzed that ocular surface foreign bodies had a strong association with the profession. The metallic foreign bodies were found in 283(66.3%) patients and the remaining 144 (37.7%) were non-metallic. There was a strong correlation found between the type of foreign body and the site of ocular involvement. The p-value was significant with 0.0001.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The majority of ocular surface foreign bodies were workplace-related due to a lack of awareness of protective measures. A counseling workshop should be arranged regarding its importance for workers in their workplaces which will improve their work capacity, and health and reduce economic burden.","PeriodicalId":471597,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140502025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the Anti-Obesity Effects of Prebiotics and Probiotics in Rats; An Experimental Study 探索益生元和益生菌对大鼠抗肥胖的作用；一项实验研究

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/005

{"title":"Exploring the Anti-Obesity Effects of Prebiotics and Probiotics in Rats; An Experimental Study","authors":"","doi":"10.36283/pjmd13-1/005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36283/pjmd13-1/005","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Excessive body fat, or obesity, poses a significant global health concern. Research has highlighted the connection between gut microbiota and obesity. This study aimed to investigate whether the administration of prebiotics and probiotics significantly contributes to controlling obesity in a rat model with induced obesity through a high-fat diet (HFD).\u0000\u0000Methods: This experimental study involved 50 healthy male Albino Wistar Rats, aged between 10-14 weeks and weighing between 140-180 grams, whereas female rats and rats with any disease were excluded. They were divided into five groups: control (G-I), HFD alone (G-II), Prebiotic + HFD (G-III), Probiotics + HFD (G-IV), and Prebiotic + Probiotics + HFD (G-V). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22, calculating Mean±S.D. ANOVA and post-hoc tests assessed weight changes between groups, with p-values ≤0.05 considered statistically significant.\u0000\u0000Results: Weight changes were observed across all groups on days 0, 35, and 98. The percentages of mean weight change from day 0 to 98 were as follows: G-I, 11.08%; G-II, 47.98%; G-III, 29.88%; G-IV, 29.58%; and G-V, 20.54%. Significant differences (p<0.001) were noted among the groups.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Results in our study indicated that the inclusion of prebiotics and probiotics in the diet of rats following an HFD yields a beneficial outcome in terms of reduction of body weight. This positive effect is attributed to the stimulation and enhancement of the activity of beneficial gut bacteria. The synergistic interaction between prebiotics, probiotics, and the gut microbiota shows promise in mitigating obesity through targeted dietary interventions.","PeriodicalId":471597,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry","volume":"176 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140501428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/021

引用次数: 0

The Impact of Medical Coding on Healthcare Transformation and Bridging the Gap in Pakistan 医疗编码对巴基斯坦医疗改革和缩小差距的影响

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/024

引用次数: 0

Risk Factors of Non-Invasive Ventilation Failure in COPD Patients Presenting with Acute Exacerbation 出现急性加重的慢性阻塞性肺病患者无创通气失败的风险因素

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/015

{"title":"Risk Factors of Non-Invasive Ventilation Failure in COPD Patients Presenting with Acute Exacerbation","authors":"","doi":"10.36283/pjmd13-1/015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36283/pjmd13-1/015","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is the first-line management for acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD), but some patients don’t improve and need invasive ventilation, leading to high mortality. We conducted a study to determine risk factors associated with NIV outcomes in these patients. Identifying predictive parameters of NIV failure could help timely intervention and prevent mortality.\u0000\u0000Methods: A Quasi Single Arm study was conducted at a tertiary care Hospital, in Karachi, from July to December 2022. We studied 170 COPD patients admitted to Medicine Department and Medical ICU with acute respiratory failure, among those 170 patients 80 were male and 90 were female, aged above 40 and below 80 years.\u0000\u0000Results: Among 170 AECOPD patients studied, 38% experienced NIV failure, while 61% had NIV success. In the NIV failure group, 38.46% of patients died in hospital. Most factors like quadrant infiltrate, weak cough reflex, low consciousness level, more requirements of oxygen, low pH, more respiratory rate, and positive blood cultures (p-value <0.001) were significantly associated with NIV failure and mortality, while others with no significant association still contributed towards NIV failure, like co-morbidities. Out of the 66 patients with NIV failure, 56% experienced immediate failure, 33% had early NIV failure, and 11% had late NIV failure.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Most identified risk factors significantly predicted NIV failure, suggesting they may serve as useful early indicators to guide intervention. Even non-significant factors still exhibited some association with NIV failure. Further research exploring additional predictors could optimize NIV outcomes and reduce mortality from AECOPD.","PeriodicalId":471597,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry","volume":"17 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140502314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing Physiological Responses: Exam Stress and Leukocyte Count in Medical Students at PUMHSW, Nawabshah 评估生理反应：纳瓦布沙赫 PUMHSW 医学院学生的考试压力和白细胞计数

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/014

{"title":"Assessing Physiological Responses: Exam Stress and Leukocyte Count in Medical Students at PUMHSW, Nawabshah","authors":"","doi":"10.36283/pjmd13-1/014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36283/pjmd13-1/014","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Medical students are confronted with substantial academic and psychological stressors during their education. Studies report that examination stress can have a noteworthy effect on the leukocyte count of students. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological effects of examination stress on the total and differential leucocyte cell count in medical students at Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women, Nawabshah.\u0000\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted from April to October 2019, with 110 MBBS students, divided into two groups of 55 students using a non-probability randomized sampling technique with first-year and second-year female students, whereas hypertensive, diabetic, and with any psychiatric disease were excluded. Blood samples were taken before and during the examination. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 23. All the continuous variables were analyzed by the t-test for Mean±S.D while all the numerical variables were analyzed by Student’s t-test.\u0000\u0000Results: Pre-exam complete blood count (CBC) test reports of first-year students showed Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Eosinophil, and Monocytes cell counts of 69.2182, 28.5455, 1.61, 1.2545 cell /microliter whereas complete blood count during exams showed 69.909, 27.9636, 1.41and 1.2000 cells/ microliter. In the second-year student, complete blood count before and during the exam showed Neutrophils 66.5273 to 64.0182, Lymphocytes 31.236 to 30.036, Eosinophil 1.92 to 1.76, and Monocytes 1.473 to 1.364 cells/microliter, the decreased values showing that there is an influence of exam stress on white blood cells.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Exams in medical schools can be stressful enough to induce a substantial decrease in blood cell parameters among medical students.","PeriodicalId":471597,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry","volume":"160 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140501559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of Skin Staples versus Skin Sutures After Inguinal Hernioplasty in Terms of Surgical Site Infection 腹股沟疝成形术后皮肤缝合线与皮肤缝合线在手术部位感染方面的比较

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/009

{"title":"Comparison of Skin Staples versus Skin Sutures After Inguinal Hernioplasty in Terms of Surgical Site Infection","authors":"","doi":"10.36283/pjmd13-1/009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36283/pjmd13-1/009","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Surgical site infection is a major concern following inguinal hernia repair, potentially leading to extended hospital stays, increased morbidity, patient discomfort, and higher healthcare costs. This study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis between skin staples and skin sutures in inguinal hernioplasty, explicitly focusing on their impact on surgical site infection rates.\u0000\u0000Methods: From September 2022 to June 2023, a randomized control trial study was carried out at the Surgery Department, Kulsoom Bai Valika Hospital Karachi. A total of 100 patients who underwent Lichtenstein tension-free mesh hernioplasty were allocated into two groups: the stapler group (n=50) and the polypropylene suture group (n=50). The patients were monitored for 3 to 6 hours post-surgery and safely discharged on the first postoperative day. Follow-up was scheduled 7 days after surgery to assess wound complications, specifically surgical site infections. Comparison between both groups was done using the Chi-square/Fisher exact test for surgical site infection and independent samples t-test for pain score. The level of significance was set at 5%.\u0000\u0000Results: The incidence of postoperative pain was slightly lower in the stapler group compared to the suture group (10% vs. 16%), this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.544). Moreover, the surgical site infection rate was significantly lower in the stapler group (3%) than in the suture group (12%) with p=0.012.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: When securing the mesh in inguinal hernia cases, the utilization of skin staples was considered a safe approach and was associated with lower surgical site infection as compared to skin sutures.","PeriodicalId":471597,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry","volume":"14 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140502123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging Research Interest in Medical and Dental Undergraduates 医学和牙科本科生的新兴研究兴趣

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/025

引用次数: 0

Impact of Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy on HbA1c Levels of Type 2 Diabetes at Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar: A Quasi-Experimental Study 白沙瓦开伯尔牙科学院非手术牙周治疗对 2 型糖尿病患者 HbA1c 水平的影响：准实验研究

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/010

{"title":"Impact of Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy on HbA1c Levels of Type 2 Diabetes at Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar: A Quasi-Experimental Study","authors":"","doi":"10.36283/pjmd13-1/010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36283/pjmd13-1/010","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) constitutes a spectrum of persistent metabolic disorders originating from irregular glucose metabolism due to insufficient insulin production, compromised insulin function, or a combination of the two, leading to elevated blood sugar levels. This study assessed the influence of non-surgical periodontal therapy on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes.\u0000\u0000Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted at Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar, with 40 participants diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes for more than 3 years and suffering from chronic periodontitis. Patients with Type 1 diabetes, pregnant women, and those with other medical complications were excluded. HbA1c levels were assessed at baseline, and non-surgical periodontal therapy was administered. Patients were educated and scheduled for a follow-up after 3 months when HbA1c levels were reassessed. A paired t-test was employed to compare HbA1c levels pre-and post-intervention.\u0000\u0000Results: In this study, males were 29 (58%) whereas 21 (42%) females. The mean value of HbA1c was less post-treatment with non-surgical periodontal therapy (6.928±0.866%) than pretreatment (9.048±0.73%) and results were statistically significant (p<0.001). After receiving therapy, the HbA1c level was significantly reduced in both genders (p<0.001). Irrespective of smoking status, the reduction of HbA1c level was statistically significant (p=0.01).\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Non-surgical periodontal treatment significantly reduces HbA1c levels, indicating a potentially positive impact on glycemic control in individuals with diabetes, which has enhanced the dentist’s role as a part of the health team, and timely interventions can significantly improve prognosis.","PeriodicalId":471597,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry","volume":"103 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140501864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0