Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry最新文献

Importance of Preventive Dental Care During Antenatal Period in Pregnant Women: A Pakistani Perspective 孕妇产前预防性牙科护理的重要性：巴基斯坦视角

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/023

引用次数: 0

Students’ perception of Simulation-based learning in Clinical Skills Lab: A One-year institutional experience at Fazaia Ruth Pfau Medical College 学生对临床技能实验室模拟学习的看法：Fazaia Ruth Pfau 医学院一年的机构经验

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/018

{"title":"Students’ perception of Simulation-based learning in Clinical Skills Lab: A One-year institutional experience at Fazaia Ruth Pfau Medical College","authors":"","doi":"10.36283/pjmd13-1/018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36283/pjmd13-1/018","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Clinical skills laboratory offers great potential for undergraduate medical education by introducing the students to innovative teaching and learning strategies that efficiently fill the gap between theoretical knowledge and clinical practice. Our study aimed to assess the initial perceptions and experiences of medical students for the newly established clinical skills laboratory at FRPMC.\u0000\u0000Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at FRPMC, with 100 medical students of the first-year M.B.B.S. participating in this study. During the academic year, study participants attended six modules from Feb to Dec 2020. A 5-point Likert scale questionnaire was given to each student at the end of the module. Data has been reported as Mean ± SD and an internal consistency evaluation form for each variable was calculated.\u0000\u0000Results: A total of 100 students participated in the study, 90% of the study participants agreed that their overall skill lab experience of training in the skills lab was satisfactory. 68% of respondents felt that instructors play an important role in organizing and structuring the course material, and 58 to 61% said that the clinical skills training simulates a hospital setting where practicing on real patients would take place. The pre-reading materials and instructions should be provided in advance, according to 64% of students.\u0000\u0000Conclusion Students’ perceptions and experiences of teaching clinical skills were generally positive. Students showed overall satisfaction over the motivational conducive environment, content taught, gaining confidence, learning procedural skills, and adequacy of the educational equipment for learners in the newly established CSL at FRPMC.","PeriodicalId":471597,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry","volume":"142 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140501728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predictors of Seroconversion of Hepatitis-C Virus in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients 终末期肾病患者丙型肝炎病毒血清转换的预测因素

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/012

{"title":"Predictors of Seroconversion of Hepatitis-C Virus in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients","authors":"","doi":"10.36283/pjmd13-1/012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36283/pjmd13-1/012","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant health challenge globally. Hemodialysis, the primary treatment for CKD, not only sustains lives but also increases the risk of disease transmission, particularly hepatitis C (HCV), with a 48.9% seroconversion rate. This study aimed to identify factors contributing to HCV seroconversion of hemodialysis patients in Karachi.\u0000\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at three dialysis units within tertiary care hospitals in Karachi, from June 2022 to June 2023. A total of 141 patients aged between 18 and 65, of any gender, undergoing chronic hemodialysis for a minimum of 6 months, demonstrating good adherence, and possessing comprehensive serological data for HCV (baseline test and follow-up screening) were included. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 27 and a comparison between baseline characteristics and risk factors with seroconversion of HCV was done using independent samples t-test/Chi-square test. A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.\u0000\u0000Results: The patients had a mean age of 33.30±8.04 years. Seroconversion occurred in 14.9% of cases, with 21% testing positive for HCV on PCR. Notably, a higher prevalence of blood transfusion history (p=0.002), surgery history (p=0.001), a family history of HCV (p=0.001), dialysis at multiple centers (p=0.001), and initiating dialysis with an arteriovenous fistula (p=0.015) was observed among HCV-positive patients who underwent seroconversion, in comparison to those who remained HCV-negative.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: A history of blood transfusion and surgery, a family history of HCV, dialysis at multiple centers, and initiation of dialysis with arteriovenous fistula are notable predictors for seroconverted positive HCV patients.","PeriodicalId":471597,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140502331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neonatal Hematological Abnormalities Associated with Maternal Pre-eclampsia at Birth 与母亲先兆子痫有关的新生儿血液异常

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/007

{"title":"Neonatal Hematological Abnormalities Associated with Maternal Pre-eclampsia at Birth","authors":"","doi":"10.36283/pjmd13-1/007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36283/pjmd13-1/007","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pre-eclampsia (PE) can cause hematological abnormalities that can further exacerbate the existing morbidity in newborns. This study aimed to investigate neonatal hematological abnormalities associated with maternal pre-eclampsia at the time of birth.\u0000\u0000Methods: This cross-sectional was conducted from January 2023 to July 2023, involving 122 neonates born at the Department of Pediatric Medicine, Sohail Trust Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. It analyzed neonates of either gender, aged from birth to 24 hours of life, and born to pre-eclamptic mothers, and their demographic details were recorded. At delivery, 2 ml of umbilical venous blood was collected by a trained pediatric nurse and then sent to the institutional laboratory. Hematological changes like leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, or neutropenia were noted. To assess the influence of various factors on hematological outcomes, chi-square tests were applied, with a significance threshold set at p<0.05.\u0000\u0000Results: In a total of 122 neonates, the mean age was 8.14±6.49 hours. The mean gestational age was 38.87±3.15 weeks. There were 68 (55.7%) neonates who were male. Low birth weight (LBW) was less than 2500 grams in 45 (36.9%) newborns. Thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and neutropenia were identified in 32 (26.2%), 25 (20.5%), and 23 (18.9%) neonates respectively. Stratification of leukopenia concerning study variables revealed that gestational age and LBW had a significant association (p=0.0036, p=0.0072) with leukopenia. Moreover, neutropenia also had an association with LBW (p<0.0001).\u0000\u0000Conclusion: These findings underscore the importance of early hematological screening for neonates born to pre-eclamptic mothers to facilitate timely diagnosis and care.","PeriodicalId":471597,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry","volume":"65 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140501656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analyzing Professional Well-being: The Intersection of Demographics, Work-Life Balance and Job Satisfaction 分析职业幸福感：人口统计学、工作与生活的平衡以及工作满意度的交叉点

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/016

{"title":"Analyzing Professional Well-being: The Intersection of Demographics, Work-Life Balance and Job Satisfaction","authors":"","doi":"10.36283/pjmd13-1/016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36283/pjmd13-1/016","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Work-life balance (WLB) is a multifaceted and contemporary phenomenon where individuals strive to attain balance among their personal, professional, and social domains. Unfortunately, it hasn’t received significant consideration. This study aimed to investigate and comprehend the impact of demographics on WLB and work satisfaction amongst medical and dental professionals.\u0000\u0000Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was performed between medical and dental professionals in Karachi from January to March 2023. The questionnaire consisted of demographics, work details, work satisfaction-related questions, and psychological and support questions, which were evaluated using a 3-point Likert scale. Analysis was done using SPSS software version 26 with p<0.05. The chi-square test and Pearson correlation test were employed to observe the association pattern.\u0000\u0000Results: A total of 383 out of 385 responses (99.4%) were included in the study. Females constituted 51.3% and males made up 48.7% of the sample. Of those, who belonged to the dental department 71% and 29% belonged to the medical department. In this sample, variables such as marital status (p=0.044), department (p<0.001), and dependents (p=0.010) were found to be significant with WLB score. In contrast, gender (p=0.032), marital status (p=0.022), and dependents (p<0.001) were significant with work satisfaction scores.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: A notable correlation was observed between demographics and work-life balance score (WLB). Institutions are encouraged to prioritize initiatives that increase awareness among their staff and nurture a stress-free environment to enhance well-being, contributing to individual satisfaction and organizational growth.","PeriodicalId":471597,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry","volume":"144 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140501723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating Adenomyosis with Transvaginal Sonography: Diagnostic Precision and Clinical Relevance 经阴道超声评估子宫腺肌症：诊断精度和临床意义

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/006

{"title":"Evaluating Adenomyosis with Transvaginal Sonography: Diagnostic Precision and Clinical Relevance","authors":"","doi":"10.36283/pjmd13-1/006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36283/pjmd13-1/006","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adenomyosis is an important benign gynecological condition among females with variable signs and symptoms. Prompt detection of suspicious cases is important for the effective management of the disease. The objective of the current study was to determine the frequency of adenomyosis on transvaginal ultrasound (TVS), its diagnostic accuracy, and the identification of associated factors in women with symptoms of adenomyosis.\u0000\u0000Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the radiology department of Dow University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan from January 2022 to March 2023. All married females of reproductive age group presented with symptoms of adenomyosis for more than 7 days were included. Adenomyosis on TVS and histopathology were noted. Moreover, associated factors of adenomyosis were also studied.\u0000\u0000Results: Of 280 patients, adenomyosis on TVS was observed in 180 (64.3%) patients whereas on histopathology in 176 (62.9%) patients. Diagnostic accuracy of adenomyosis on TVS showed that sensitivity was 89.20%, specificity 77.88%, positive predicted value 87.22%, negative predicted value 81.00%, and accuracy was found to be 85.00%. A significantly higher proportion of adenomyosis was observed among women who had infertility (p<0.001), symptoms of dysmenorrhea (p <0.001), dyspareunia (p<0.002), urinary symptoms (p <0.001), and GI symptoms (p<0.001).\u0000\u0000Conclusion: TVS is a valuable imaging modality for identifying adenomyosis, especially in patients with clinical symptoms. Furthermore, there is a significant association between adenomyosis and various clinical symptoms, including infertility, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, urinary symptoms, and gastrointestinal symptoms.","PeriodicalId":471597,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry","volume":"119 2-3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140501754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Rare Cause of Dementia in a Young Adult – A Case Report 年轻人痴呆症的罕见病因--病例报告

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/019

引用次数: 0

Emerging Threat: Monkeypox Virus - Unraveling the Challenges and Preparedness 新出现的威胁：猴痘病毒--揭示挑战和做好准备

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/001

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of Acne and its Association with Stress in Female Medical Students 医科女学生的痤疮患病率及其与压力的关系

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/013

{"title":"Prevalence of Acne and its Association with Stress in Female Medical Students","authors":"","doi":"10.36283/pjmd13-1/013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36283/pjmd13-1/013","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acne vulgaris is described as a chronic skin disease involving blockage and inflammation of pilosebaceous units. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of acne and its association with stress in female students.\u0000\u0000Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out at Rawalpindi Medical University. The study included female medical students of all five years of MBBS excluding lactating and pregnant females and the ones who were diagnosed with skin disorders other than acne. The sample size was 271. A questionnaire consisting of PSS (Perceived Stress Scale) and GAGS (Global Acne Grading System) was used. Data was analyzed by using SPSS and basic statistics and Spearman correlation were applied.\u0000\u0000Results: In this study, it was found that out of a total of 271 students, 138(50.9%) students didn’t have acne, and 133(49%) did have Acne. Out of a total of 271 students, 19 (7%) students had low stress, 204 students (75.3%) had moderate stress, and 48 students (17.7%) had high perceived stress. Out of 133 who were found to have acne, 87(32.1%) of the participants had mild acne, 36(13.3%) had moderate acne, 9(3.3%) had severe acne, and 1(0.4%) had very severe acne. An increase in stress severity was moderately correlated (r=0.393) with an increase in acne severity which was not statistically significant (p>0.05).\u0000\u0000Conclusions: Almost half of the study population was found to have Acne. A positive correlation has been found between stress and acne indicating stress as one of the causative factors of acne.","PeriodicalId":471597,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry","volume":"174 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140501360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A New Era in Diabetes Treatment: Innovations Towards Remission 糖尿病治疗的新时代：走向缓解的创新

Pakistan journal of medicine and dentistry Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd13-1/002

引用次数: 0