Polish Journal of Radiology最新文献

{"title":"The role of diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of diabetic foot osteomyelitis: a preliminary report.","authors":"Shashank Raj,&nbsp;Mahesh Prakash,&nbsp;Ashu Rastogi,&nbsp;Anindita Sinha,&nbsp;Manavjit Singh Sandhu","doi":"10.5114/pjr.2022.116637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pjr.2022.116637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the role of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and diffusionweighted imaging (DWI) in diagnosing diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Twenty-five participants with suspected osteomyelitis were included, who underwent MRI including DCE-MRI and DWI sequences. It was subsequently followed by bone biopsy and microbiological analysis (gold standard). The participants were divided into 2 groups based on biopsy results: DFO-positive or DFO-negative. The semi-quantitative DCE-MRI parameters (SI₀, SI_max, SI_rel, wash-in rate [WIR], and type of curve) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were subsequently compared between the 2 groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 25 cases, 19 were DFO-positive and 6 were DFO-negative on bone biopsy. The SI₀, SI_max, and WIR were significantly higher in DFO-positive cases (<i>p</i>-value 0.050, 0.023, and 0.004, respectively). No difference was seen in SI_rel. 100% negative cases revealed type-I curve, and 94% of positive cases showed type-II curve. SI₀ > 143.4 revealed a sensitivity of 94.7% and specificity of 83.3%. SI_max had a sensitivity of 89.5% but lower specificity of 67.7% at a cut-off value of 408.35. The most significant difference was seen with WIR; <i>p</i>-value ~0.004. At the cut-off value of > 1.280, it had a specificity and sensitivity of 100% and 76%, respectively. Also, ADC values below 1.57 × 10^-3 had a sensitivity of 88.2% and specificity of 80% for diagnosing DFO.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DWI and DCE-MRI provide non-invasive sequences, which can help to increase the overall specificity and sensitivity of conventional MRI for the diagnosis of osteomyelitis, differentiating it from acute Charcot's arthropathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":47128,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b9/8b/PJR-87-47129.PMC9215298.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40561680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence and predictors of pulmonary lesions in paediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 - a brief report.","authors":"Maria Pokorska-Śpiewak, Ewa Talarek, Jolanta Popielska, Agnieszka Ołdakowska, Konrad Zawadka, Beata Wojtycha-Kwaśnica, Magdalena Marczyńska","doi":"10.5114/pjr.2022.116634","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pjr.2022.116634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>There are currently only scarce data available describing imaging manifestations in children with COVID-19. The aim of this study was to analyse pulmonary lesions on chest radiography (CXR) in paediatric patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and to compare the CXR results with clinical and laboratory data.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this prospective single-centre study we included 118 consecutive paediatric patients with COVID-19. CXR was performed in 107 patients. Clinical and laboratory evaluations were performed on the same day as CXR, immediately (0 to 2 days) after the COVID-19 diagnosis had been established.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pulmonary lesions were found in 24/107 (23%) children, including 14/24 (58%) with bilateral abnormalities. Compared to patients with normal CXR, children presenting with pulmonary lesions were significantly younger (7.0 ± 4.5 vs. 9.5 ± 4.5 years, <i>p</i> = 0.03) and more commonly presented with an elevated D-dimer level (6/24, 25% vs. 5/81, 7%; <i>p</i> = 0.008). Almost half (46%) of the children with pulmonary lesions were asymptomatic, and 11/60 (18%) of all asymptomatic patients presented with abnormal CXR.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pulmonary lesions in the course of COVID-19 are more common in younger children and those presenting with an elevated D-dimer level. A significant proportion of asymptomatic COVID-19 patients develop CXR abnormalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":47128,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6c/97/PJR-87-47127.PMC9215297.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40561679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feature-tracking cardiac magnetic resonance method: a valuable marker of replacement fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Nahid Rezaeian,&nbsp;Leila Hosseini,&nbsp;Negar Omidi,&nbsp;Mahya Khaki,&nbsp;Homa Najafi,&nbsp;Kianoosh Kasani,&nbsp;Mostafa Mousavizadeh,&nbsp;Yasaman Khalili,&nbsp;Mohammad Mehdi Hemmati Komasi,&nbsp;Yaser Toloueitabar,&nbsp;Sanaz Asadian","doi":"10.5114/pjr.2022.116548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pjr.2022.116548","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Left ventricular (LV) replacement fibrosis is a marker of adverse cardiac events in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We aimed to assess the efficacy of the feature-tracking cardiac magnetic resonance (FT-CMR) in the detection of LV replacement fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Fifty-one patients with HCM (51% female, mean age = 21 ± 5.2 years) and significant myocardial hypertrophy, who underwent CMR between February 2018 and December 2019 were enrolled. Functional and 3D FT-CMR parameters were measured. LV global longitudinal strain, global radial strain (GRS), and global circumferential strain (GCS) were recorded. The percentage of enhanced myocardial mass was calculated. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to determine the predictors of fibrosis. A <i>p</i>-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean enhanced mass percentage was 15.2 ± 10.53%. Among LV volumetric parameters, end-systolic and end-diastolic volume indices predicted fibrosis (fitness [F] = 8.11 and <i>p</i> = 0.006 vs. <i>F</i> = 6.6 and <i>p</i> = 0.012, correspondingly). The univariate linear regression demonstrated that GCS and GRS predicted total enhanced mass (%) (<i>F</i> = 12.29 and <i>p</i> = 0.001 vs. <i>F</i> = 7.92 and <i>p</i> = 0.007, respectively). After the inclusion of all volumetric and deformation parameters, the multivariate analysis identified the model of a combination of LV end-diastolic volume index (LV EDVI) and LV GCS as a robust predictor of the fibrosis percentage (<i>F</i> = 8.86 and <i>p</i> = 0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Non-contrast CMR parameters including LV GCS and LV EDVI are valuable markers of replacement fibrosis in HCM patients with notable myocardial hypertrophy.</p>","PeriodicalId":47128,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/54/ff/PJR-87-47102.PMC9215299.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40561678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of severity of COVID-19 pneumonia on computed tomography of the chest in vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals: an observational study.","authors":"Manik Mahajan,&nbsp;Vikrant Gupta,&nbsp;Mohd Ilyas,&nbsp;Kulbhushan Gupta,&nbsp;Parveen Singh","doi":"10.5114/pjr.2022.116192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pjr.2022.116192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel virus causing an infectious disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Computed tomography (CT) of the chest plays a significant role in the diagnosis and prognosis of COVID-19 using computed tomography severity scoring (CT-SS). Numerous vaccines are being made available in the world to lessen the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of the current study is to compare the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia using CT-SS in COVID-19-positive vaccinated (Covishield/Oxford-AstraZeneca) and non-vaccinated individuals and to compare the final outcome wherever possible.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This observational study was carried out from March 2021 to April 2021. Forty vaccinated and 40 non-vaccinated RT-PCR-positive COVID-19 patients who underwent CT chest during the 4-12^th day of illness formed the material of the study. Semi-quantitative scoring was used, and CT-SS was calculated based on the extent of lobar involvement in all the patients. CT-SS was then compared between the vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups and the results analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CT scans were performed in 80 patients (40 patients each in the vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups). The majority of patients in the vaccinated group had mild (42.5%) and moderate (37.5%) CT-SS while the majority of patients in the non-vaccinated group had moderate (52.5%) and severe (27.5%) CT-SS score on chest CT. Also, no mortality was observed in the vaccinated group, with 2 deaths in the non-vaccinated group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Covishield vaccine administration reduces the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia as compared to the nonvaccinated group, with a marked reduction in mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":47128,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a2/cb/PJR-87-47012.PMC9215301.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40467703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) of the major salivary glands: an assessment of the optimal number and combination of <i>b</i>-values.","authors":"Mitsuhiro Kimura,&nbsp;Hidetake Yabuuchi,&nbsp;Hiroshi Narita,&nbsp;Yoichi Kurihara,&nbsp;Kiyoshi Hisada,&nbsp;Noriyuki Sakai,&nbsp;Kazuya Nagatomo,&nbsp;Ryoji Mikayama,&nbsp;Masafumi Masaki,&nbsp;Hiroshi Kimura","doi":"10.5114/pjr.2022.116167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pjr.2022.116167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine the optimal number and combination of <i>b</i>-values in intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusionweighted imaging (DWI) of the major salivary glands.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>IVIM-DWI was performed on 10 healthy volunteers using 13 <i>b</i>-values (low <i>b</i>-values: 0-100 s/mm²; high <i>b</i>-values: 200-1000 s/mm²). The IVIM parameters and apparent diffusion coefficient of the bilateral major salivary glands were calculated using 13 <i>b</i>-values and were considered the standard values. We sequentially reduced the number of <i>b</i>-values to 10, 8, 6, and 5. The parameters in each combination were calculated. The standard values were compared with the parameters from each reduced <i>b</i>-value in IVIM-DWI. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to determine whether there were any differences between the parameters in each combination. Bonferroni correction was conducted for multiple comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences between the standard values and parameters from the 2 combinations of 6 <i>b</i>-values. However, significant differences were observed between the standard values and parameters from some combinations of only 2 low or only 2 high <i>b</i>-values.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IVIM-DWI of the major salivary glands could be performed using a minimum of 6 <i>b</i>-values. However, they should contain 3 low and 3 high <i>b</i>-values.</p>","PeriodicalId":47128,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/49/6c/PJR-87-47010.PMC9215303.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40467705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personalized management of prostate cancer: from molecular and imaging markers to radiogenomics.","authors":"Yulian Mytsyk,&nbsp;Andriy Borzhiyevs'kyy,&nbsp;Yuriy Kobilnyk,&nbsp;A V Shulyak,&nbsp;Ihor Dutka,&nbsp;Oleksandr Borzhiyevs'kyy,&nbsp;Andrzej Górecki","doi":"10.5114/pjr.2022.113204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pjr.2022.113204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer in men. The urge to guide treatment tactics based on personal clinical risk factors has evolved in the era of human genome sequencing. To date, personalized approaches to managing PCa patients have not yet been developed. Radiogenomics is a relatively new term, used to refer to the study of genetic variation associated with imaging features of the tumour in order to improve the prognostication of the disease course.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study is a review of recent knowledge regarding potential clinical applications of radiogenomics in personalized treatment of PCa.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Recent investigations have proven that by combining data on individual genetic tumour features, and radiomic profiling (radiologic-molecular correlation), with traditional staging procedures in order to personalize treatment of PCa, an improved prognostication of PCa course can be performed, and overtreatment of indolent cancer can be avoided. It was found that a combination of multiparametric MRI and gene expression data allowed the detection of radiomic features of PCa, which correlated with a number of gene signatures associated with adverse outcomes. It was revealed that several molecular markers may drive tumour upstaging, allowed the distinction between the PCa stages, and correlated with aggressiveness-related radiomic features.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The radiogenomics of PCa is not a comprehensively investigated area of oncourology. The combination of genomics and radiomics as integrative parts of precision medicine in the future has the potential to become the foundation for a personalized approach to the management of PCa.</p>","PeriodicalId":47128,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bd/ae/PJR-87-46335.PMC8814894.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39904345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The value of different diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance techniques in the diagnosis of middle ear cholesteatoma. Is there still an indication for echo-planar diffusion-weighted imaging?","authors":"Alina Piekarek,&nbsp;Tomasz Zatoński,&nbsp;Mateusz Kolator,&nbsp;Joanna Bladowska,&nbsp;Marek Sąsiadek,&nbsp;Anna Zimny","doi":"10.5114/pjr.2022.113194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pjr.2022.113194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of the study was to analyse the value of 2 different diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) techniques (echo-planar imaging [EPI] and on-echo-planar imaging [non-EPI]) in the diagnosis of cholesteatoma.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Our material consisted of 32 subjects suspected of cholesteatoma, who underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the temporal bone using both EPI and non-EPI DWI. Two independent readers retrospectively analysed magnetic resonance images. Intra- and interobserver agreements as well sensitivity, specificity, and negative (NPV) and positive (PPV) predictive values of both DWI sequences were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using non-EPI DWI all cholesteatomas were correctly diagnosed by both readers with no false negative nor inconclusive cases and with only one false positive result. Non-EPI DWI revealed high interobserver agreement (k = 1) and high correlation with histopathological results (<i>r</i> = 0.895). EPI DWI misdiagnosed 27-31% of cholesteatomas (false negative results), showing also significantly low interobserver agreement (k = 0.373) and low correlation with histopathological results (<i>r</i> = 0.328 for reader 1 and <i>r</i> = 0.267 for reader 2). Non-EPI DWI revealed very high sensitivity (100%), specificity (83.3%), NPV (100%), and PPV (96.3%) in comparison to EPI DWI, which showed lower sensitivity (69.2%), specificity (66.6-83.3%), NPV (33.3-38.4%), and PPV (90.0-94.7%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Non-EPI DWI with high sensitivity, specificity, and interobserver agreement is a very reliable technique in detecting middle ear cholesteatoma regardless of the pre- or postoperative state of the ear, and it should entirely replace EPI DWI in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":47128,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/09/d8/PJR-87-46333.PMC8814897.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39904343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The value of the apparent diffusion coefficient value in the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) version 2018.","authors":"Gehad Ahmad Saleh,&nbsp;Ahmed Abdel Khalek Abdel Razek,&nbsp;Lamiaa Galal El-Serougy,&nbsp;Walaa Shabana,&nbsp;Rihame Abd El-Wahab","doi":"10.5114/pjr.2022.113193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pjr.2022.113193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess role of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) version 2018 for the prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Retrospective analysis of 137 hepatic focal lesions in 108 patients at risk of HCC, who underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the liver. Hepatic focal lesions were classified according to LI-RADS-v2018, and ADC of hepatic lesions was calculated by 2 independent blinded reviewers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean ADC of LR-1 and LR-2 were 2.11 ± 0.47 and 2.08 ± 0.47 × 10^-3 mm²/s, LR-3 were 1.28 ± 0.12 and 1.36 ± 0.16 × 10^-3 mm²/s, LR-4, LR-5 and LR-TIV were 1.07 ± 0.08 and 1.08 ± 0.12 × 10^-3 mm²/s and LR-M were 1.02 ± 0.09 and 1.00 ± 0.09 × 10^-3 mm²/s by both observers, respectively. There was excellent agreement of both readings for LR-1 and LR-2 (<i>r</i> = 0.988), LR-3 (<i>r</i> = 0.965), LR-4, LR-5 and LR-TIV (<i>r</i> = 0.889) and LR-M (<i>r</i> = 0.883). There was excellent correlation between ADC and LI-RADS-v2018 (<i>r</i> = -0.849 and -0.846). The cut-off ADC used to differentiate LR-3 from LR-4, LR-5, and LR-TIV were ≤ 1.21 and ≤ 1.23 × 10^-3 mm²/s with AUC of 0.948 and 0.926.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Inclusion of ADC to LI-RADS-v2018 improves differentiation variable LI-RADS categories and can helps in the prediction of HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":47128,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ca/8b/PJR-87-46332.PMC8814898.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39904344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefitial role of electrochemotherapy in locally advanced pancreatic cancer - radiological perspective.","authors":"Oliwia Kozak,&nbsp;Stanisław Hać,&nbsp;Joanna Pieńkowska,&nbsp;Michał Studniarek","doi":"10.5114/pjr.2022.112674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pjr.2022.112674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Irreversible electroporation (IRE) of locally advanced pancreatic cancer is an increasingly used method for unresectable pancreatic cancer that can be used in cytoreduction followed by surgical treatment and shows promising results in palliative care. IRE is an ablative technique where electric pulses cause damage to the cell membrane leading to apoptosis without the destruction of stroma. The application of IRE increases the concentration of hydrophobic regimens like bleomycin within the tumor, what could improve the effectiveness of treatment. This fusion of those two treatments is called electrochemotherapy. In this review, the authors will discuss the radiological perspective of possible beneficial role of irreversible electroporation in relation with chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":47128,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cf/16/PJR-87-46187.PMC8814896.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39609464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed tomography scan in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Pouya Mahdavi Sharif,&nbsp;Mehran Nematizadeh,&nbsp;Mahdia Saghazadeh,&nbsp;Amene Saghazadeh,&nbsp;Nima Rezaei","doi":"10.5114/pjr.2022.112613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/pjr.2022.112613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Computed tomography (CT) scan is a commonly used tool for the diagnosis of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), similarly to reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Because of the limitations of RT-PCR, there is growing interest in the usability of the CT scan. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aims to summarize the available data on the CT scan features of COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic search in electronic databases to find eligible studies published between 1 December 2019 and 4 April 2020, which investigated the computed tomographic features of patients with COVID-19. All preprint and peer-reviewed articles were included. No language limitation was applied. For proportional data, pooled prevalence was calculated using a Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation, with a 95% confidence interval (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-six studies were eligible to be included in the meta-analysis. For 7956 patients, the most common CT findings were bilateral pattern of involvement (78%; 95% CI: 0.73-0.82; <i>p</i> < 0.001), involvement of more than 1 lobe (75%; 95% CI: 0.68-0.82; <i>p</i> < 0.001), ground-glass opacities (GGO) (73%; 95% CI: 0.67-0.78; <i>p</i> < 0.001), and peripheral distribution of signs (69%; 95% CI: 0.61-0.76; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Only 5% of patients had a normal CT scan (95% CI:0.03-0.07; <i>p</i> < 0.001). The proportion of paediatric patients (age < 18 years) with unremarkable CT findings was higher (40%; 95% CI: 0.27-0.55; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that patients with the severe or critical type of COVID-19 were more likely to have pleural effusion (RR 7.77; 95% CI: 3.97-15.18; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and consolidation (RR 3.13; 95% CI: 1.57-6.23; <i>p</i> < 0.001). CT results in patients with COVID-19 were comparable with those of people having pneumonia from other causes, except for the lower incidence of consolidation (RR 0.81; 95% CI: 0.71-0.91; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and higher risk of showing GGO (RR 1.45; 95% CI: 1.13-1.86; <i>p</i> < 0.001). The mortality rate was slightly higher in patients with bilateral involvement (RR 3.19; 95% CI: 1.07-9.49; <i>p</i> = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study results show that COVID-19 shares some features with other viral types of pneumonia, despite some differences. They commonly present as GGO along with vascular thickening, air bronchogram and consolidations. Normal CT images, lymphadenopathies, and pleural effusions are not common. Consolidations and pleural effusions correlate with more severe disease. CT features are different between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 pneumonia. Also, they differ by age, disease severity, and outcomes within COVID-19 patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":47128,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fc/fb/PJR-87-46168.PMC8814899.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39609463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}