Matthias Collischon , Andreas Eberl , Tobias Wolbring
{"title":"Parental well-being when children move out: A panel study on short- and long-term effects","authors":"Matthias Collischon , Andreas Eberl , Tobias Wolbring","doi":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article investigates the effect of adult children leaving the parental home on parental well-being. Adult children moving out is an important event in parents' lives. However, it is theoretically unclear whether parental well-being decreases or increases from children moving out. On the one hand, children moving out can relieve parents' burdens and reduce stress exposure affecting well-being positively. On the other hand, it leads to a change in parental roles, with adverse consequences for parental well-being. This study uses long-running panel data (1991–2016) from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) to investigate the relationship between child moves and parental well-being using fixed effects dummy impact functions. The findings suggest that differentiating between first and empty nest moves is important when investigating the effects of children moving out of the parental home on parental well-being, as only the first move shows a long-lasting negative effect on parental well-being. Furthermore, the effects are strongest for respondents who have work arrangements in line with traditional gender roles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47126,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Life Course Research","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 100643"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parental and peer influence on STEM career persistence: From higher education to first job","authors":"Antje Stefani","doi":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article investigates social influences that drive gender-specific differences in the degree of persistence individuals exhibit in regard to pursuing science, mathematics, engineering and technology (STEM), both as a field of study and as an occupation. It covers individuals’ careers from entry into higher education to entry into the labor market. Following a life course perspective, I ask the following questions: (1) How stable are preferences regarding STEM subjects and occupations throughout young adulthood? (2) Are significant social ties, such as relations with friends and family members, factors that affect individuals’ persistence in pursuing a STEM career throughout higher education and at entry into the labor market? Based on longitudinal data from the student cohort of the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS), Starting Cohort 5 (SC5), I find that mothers who have a STEM occupation encourage their daughters to choose a STEM career when the latter enter higher education, but they do not encourage them to choose STEM studies or to choose a STEM occupation when they enter the labor market. Conversely, social factors contribute stronger to the persistence of men: fathers who have a STEM occupation promote sons choosing to pursue a STEM field, and to persist in such a field. Also, I find that support from friends and parents is especially important for men’s persistence in pursuing STEM subjects during higher education.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47126,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Life Course Research","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 100642"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna Amilon , Rikke Fuglsang Olsen , Stine Vernstrøm Østergaard
{"title":"Concentration of disability in families: Intergenerational transmission or assortative mating?","authors":"Anna Amilon , Rikke Fuglsang Olsen , Stine Vernstrøm Østergaard","doi":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although studies have established that health and socioeconomic disadvantages often accumulate within families, little is known about the extent to which disability is concentrated within certain families and transmitted across generations. We use retrospective information about growing up with parent(s) or sibling(s) with a disability from the 2020 wave of the representative <em>Survey of Health, Impairment and Living Conditions in Denmark</em> (<em>N</em> = 7709). Building on this data and applying a family life course perspective, we examine if growing up with parent(s) and/or sibling(s) with a disability is associated with 1) having a disability oneself, 2) the probability of having a partner with a disability and 3) the occurrence of disability in the next generation. Our findings demonstrate that the odds of having a disability are higher among individuals who grew up with parent(s) and/or sibling(s) with a disability. While the odds of being partnered are not associated with family members’ disabilities, we find a positive association between having grown up with parents with a disability and having a partner with a disability. Moreover, having a child with a disability is positively associated with one’s own, parents’, siblings’ and partner’s disabilities. We thus conclude that disability is concentrated within certain families and that both intergenerational transmission and assortative mating contribute to this concentration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47126,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Life Course Research","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 100641"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sanne Pagh Møller , Andrea Willson , Lau Caspar Thygesen
{"title":"Childhood poverty trajectories and trajectories of healthcare contacts in adolescence and young adulthood","authors":"Sanne Pagh Møller , Andrea Willson , Lau Caspar Thygesen","doi":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In this longitudinal study on Danes born 1980–2000, the objectives were to identify and describe trajectories of childhood poverty and explore their association with trajectories of contacts with the healthcare system.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Children born in Denmark from 1980–2000 were linked to national registers. Parental disposable income information was obtained for each year of the child’s life from 0–16 years. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify trajectories of childhood poverty. The outcome was trajectories of contacts with the healthcare system identified with group-based multi-trajectory modeling. The associations between childhood poverty trajectories and trajectories of contacts with the healthcare system were estimated using multinomial logistic regression.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Four distinct groups of childhood poverty trajectories were identified. The largest group (87 %) had very low probability of childhood poverty, and the smallest group (2 %) had high probability of persistent poverty throughout childhood. Two groups experienced either early (5 %) or late (6 %) poverty in childhood. Early and late childhood poverty were associated with higher odds of being in the psychiatric use group in both sexes, and with higher odds of being in the low use and high use groups in women. Persistent poverty was associated with higher odds of being in the low use group and lower odds of being in the high use group and the psychiatric use group in both sexes.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In conclusion, childhood poverty is associated with healthcare contacts in adolescence and early adulthood in Denmark.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47126,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Life Course Research","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 100640"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Complex nexus: Economic development, rural-to-urban migration, and transition to adulthood in China","authors":"Yangyu Wang , Felicia F. Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transition to adulthood in low- and middle-come countries (LMIC) has increasingly been diversified and individualized. Economic development and migration are often cited as reasons for diversification but have been analytically examined interactively. To examine the complex linkages between development, migration, and transition to adulthood, we use China data to cover a decade when it has experienced rapid economic development, a large flow of rural-to-urban migration, and changes in the transition to adulthood. Applying the latent class analysis and multinomial logistic regression on the Chinese General Social Survey 2008 and 2017, we obtain three main findings. First, economic development increases the diversification of the transition to adulthood. Second, rural-to-urban migration has a greater impact on the postponement than on other pathways. Third, the joint impact of economic development and migration is not evident: the change do not differ between men and women as well as young adults of different migration experience. These findings collectively imply signs of the diversification of transition to adulthood in China, but also entail the individualization behind it.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47126,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Life Course Research","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 100633"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142127892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mary Kempnich , Ralf Wölfer , Miles Hewstone , R.I.M. Dunbar
{"title":"How the size and structure of egocentric networks change during a life transition","authors":"Mary Kempnich , Ralf Wölfer , Miles Hewstone , R.I.M. Dunbar","doi":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While social networks are typically relatively stable in size over time, major changes in life circumstances can result in opportunities to acquire new friends. How young adults manage their relationships with their wider network of friends and family during such transitions is, however, not well understood. Using a prospective longitudinal design, we investigate changes in the size and composition of complete egocentric networks of two cohorts of young adults moving away from home to college. We show that, although networks grow rapidly due to an influx of new friends made at college, the social overload that would result is partially mitigated through the progressive loss of pre-transition friendships (but not family relationships). In addition, most of the new relationships are placed in the outermost, emotionally less close network layers that are less costly to maintain. In contrast, the more intimate inner layers of the network remain stable in size, with efforts being made to conserve these relationships. The overriding importance of face-to-face interaction in creating and maintaining ties (compared to digital media) results in the emotional quality of a tie being traded off against the constraints imposed by physical distance. The most reliable predictor of the proportion of original members with whom relationships were maintained post-transition was pre-transition network size, with weaker effects due to geographical proximity and personal popularity in the new social context. These findings have implications for managing transitions to a new environment at any life stage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47126,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Life Course Research","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100632"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1569490924000431/pdfft?md5=48cac07e0f3d43e9c4e5f0f61ceb47ab&pid=1-s2.0-S1569490924000431-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The long-term consequences of school suspension and expulsion on depressive symptoms","authors":"Alexia Angton , Michael Niño , Kazumi Tsuchiya , Shauna Morimoto","doi":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exposure to exclusionary discipline has been tied to several deleterious outcomes in adulthood, including contact with the criminal legal system. While this work provides interesting insight into the long-term consequences tied to this form of school punishment, few have attempted to consider whether and how, exclusionary discipline practices, in particular, school suspension and expulsion shape mental health patterning over the life course. Using panel data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, we contribute to this body of literature by examining whether exposure to school suspension or expulsion shapes depressive symptom trajectories from adolescence to adulthood. Results from our mixed-effects linear growth curve models demonstrate both forms of exclusionary discipline play a significant role in depressive symptom trajectories. We find suspended and expelled youth exhibit significantly higher depressive symptoms in adolescence when compared to their counterparts with no history of suspension or expulsion. Results also show age variation in depressive symptom trajectories by history of exposure to exclusionary discipline. Specifically, results show the depressive symptoms gap between disciplined and non-disciplined youth slightly dissipates as youth age into early adulthood, but as individuals begin to transition out of this stage of the life course, the gap in depressive symptoms widens substantially. Results carry implications for how punitive disciplinary practices in schools shape mental health from adolescence to adulthood.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47126,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Life Course Research","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100631"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141790818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessing the parental SES gradient in young Britons’ partnership expectations, attitudes and its potential mediators","authors":"Lydia Palumbo , Ann Berrington , Peter Eibich","doi":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A well-documented trend in family demography is that young adults from disadvantaged backgrounds tend to enter their first partnership earlier and forego marriage more often than their advantaged counterparts. Yet, limited research has explored whether there is also an association between parental background and expectations for partnership formation, which are considered important precursors of behaviours. Further, few studies have explored the potential mechanisms mediating these differences. This paper uses data from the British Household Panel Survey and Understanding Society to analyse the relationships between parental socioeconomic status and young Britons' expectations for marriage, cohabitation, and attitudes towards ideal age at marriage. Using the KHB decomposition as a mediation method, we verify whether these relationships are explained by two mechanisms measured during the young adults’ adolescence: family structure socialisation and academic socialisation. We find that marriage expectations are socially stratified in the UK. Those from the least advantaged backgrounds have significantly lower expectations for marriage than the most advantaged, but this difference does not hold for cohabitation. Those from the least advantaged backgrounds are also more uncertain about their ideal age at marriage. Academic socialisation mediates these relationships to a limited extent. Family structure socialisation mediates a greater percentage, especially living with a single parent, rather than married parents, during adolescence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47126,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Life Course Research","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100630"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1569490924000418/pdfft?md5=52c89a14bd672638d8006fefe93ba129&pid=1-s2.0-S1569490924000418-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141790817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The employment expectations of adolescents: Examining the role of social origin, parental support, and personality traits","authors":"Frederike Esche, Petra Böhnke","doi":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Early life course conditions and the social origin of families frequently influence the inequalities people experience in adulthood. The transition from education to work is a challenging period during which adolescents make their first employment-related choices and establish the course of their careers. Future expectations guide adolescents’ employment-related choices and are assumed to influence future employment outcomes. Therefore, this paper investigates whether family (dis)advantages affect adolescents’ employment expectations. We assess various underlying mechanisms that may influence the relationship between social origin and adolescents’ employment expectations by using cross-sectional data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP: 2006–2018), specifically a youth questionnaire administered at age 17. Three key findings emerge. First, family disadvantages, particularly an insecure parental labor market participation, influence the employment expectations of adolescents negatively. Second, supportive parenting does not mediate the relationship between social origin and the employment expectations of adolescents; instead, it functions as an additional positive factor. Third, supportive parenting creates more optimistic employment expectations because it fosters specific “beneficial” personality traits, such as extraversion, conscientiousness, openness, agreeableness, and internal control beliefs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47126,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Life Course Research","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100629"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1569490924000406/pdfft?md5=43acc1d446b20375ed93a1e97eb8a492&pid=1-s2.0-S1569490924000406-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanwen Wang , Bussarawan Teerawichitchainan , Christine Ho
{"title":"Diverse pathways to permanent childlessness in Singapore: A latent class analysis","authors":"Yanwen Wang , Bussarawan Teerawichitchainan , Christine Ho","doi":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The proportions of adults reaching midlife without having children have been rising rapidly across the globe, particularly in Asia. However, little is known about the pathways to permanent childlessness within the region’s childless population. This study utilized latent class analysis (LCA) to typologize pathways to childlessness based on dynamic characteristics of multiple life domains (i.e., partnership, education, and occupation) among 489 childless Singaporeans aged 50 and above from a 2022 nationwide survey. Additionally, we utilized multinomial logistic regressions to examine the sociodemographic correlates of pathway profiles and Shannon’s entropy index to assess the heterogeneity in pathways to childlessness among successive cohorts. Results revealed five distinct profiles of pathways to childlessness: <em>the Never-Married Semi-Professionals, the Low-Flex Blue-Collars, the Highly Educated Professionals, the Ever-Married Semi-Professionals</em>, and <em>the Flexible Blue-Collars</em>. These pathway profiles were significantly associated with sociodemographic characteristics such as gender and family background. Women’s pathways to childlessness were more standardized and heavily influenced by partnership characteristics, compared to those of men. The childless from privileged family background were less likely to follow pathways characterized by disadvantageous education and occupational status. There were also rising trends of voluntary childlessness among married childless individuals and increasing heterogeneity in pathways to childlessness across successive birth cohorts. In sum, our findings are consistent with some of the predictions of the Second Demographic Transition theory, suggesting that Singapore may be experiencing a demographic transition characterized by rising childlessness, decoupling of marriage and childbearing, and de-standardization of the life course.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47126,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Life Course Research","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100628"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141452652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}