{"title":"Funny words on the screen: Exploring linguistic authority through subtitling practices","authors":"Andrew D. Wong","doi":"10.1111/jola.12437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jola.12437","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Linguistic authority, though generally understood as the right claimed by some people and institutions to regiment language use and representation, has also been conceptualized as the power of languages to command respect and attention from community members. To explore these two aspects of linguistic authority, this article examines how the producers of a popular Chinese talk show use on-screen text to construct authority both for themselves and for Putonghua (standard Mandarin) in situated moments of interaction. It focuses on an episode of the show in which the Putonghua-speaking host interviews a Hong Kong actor/director known for his Gangpu (Hong Kong Mandarin). Through the strategic use of traditional subtitles and impact captions, the show's producers position themselves as anonymous listening subjects who not only provide running commentary on what viewers hear, but also contrast Putonghua with Gangpu and Cantonese, and affirm its legitimacy by presenting it as the unmarked, anonymous language against which these minoritized varieties are compared. To fully understand the (de)legitimation of linguistic authority in media productions, we need to consider both aspects of linguistic authority, examine how they are connected to each other, and attend to the array of contrasting relations that subtitling practices create among linguistic varieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":47070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistic Anthropology","volume":"34 3","pages":"353-375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Toward a linguistic anthropological approach to listening: An ear with power and the policing of “active listening” volunteers in Japan","authors":"Michael Berman","doi":"10.1111/jola.12436","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jola.12436","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article develops the concept of an ear with power. An ear with power works through listeners who can, by listening, alter people's speech and other actions. It does so in ways that suit the institutions on whose behalf the listener acts. Unlike approaches focused on the effects of listening in interactions, an ear with power is a triadic relation in process, requires listening to listeners, and shows how absent listeners affect social relations. The article traces the implications of a complaint filed against Buddhist “active listening” volunteers in Japan after the 2011 disasters. Despite not using “Buddhist language” while volunteering, they were reported for “religious-sounding speech,” which led to the temporary hiatus of their volunteer activities. Analyzing the distributed listening that led to that censure, this article demonstrates how linguistic anthropology might reframe critical analyses of power and governance, which have tended to rely on vision and speech. More specifically, it considers the ramifications of acts of listening that precede the speech that they are imagined to follow, the process whereby listeners come to hear themselves through the ear of another, and the ways that policing listening can alienate listening from listeners.</p>","PeriodicalId":47070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistic Anthropology","volume":"34 3","pages":"332-352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141969139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From mandala to flowchart: Managerial governmentality and the evidentiary technologies of Indonesia's Reformasi","authors":"Aurora Donzelli","doi":"10.1111/jola.12435","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jola.12435","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the dissolution of an authoritarian regime, novel semiotic technologies are mobilized in the service of producing new political imaginaries. Through what visual and discursive practices can “democracy” be made visible? How can “good governance” be convincingly attested? This paper explores the evidentiary infrastructures of Indonesia's s-driven democratic transition to introduce a broader reflection on the role of graphic artifacts in disseminating neoliberal ideologies of transparency and managerial notions of “good governance.” Since the end of Suharto's authoritarian regime, a new genre of graphic artifacts has proliferated within Indonesian government offices: colorful vinyl banners with flowcharts and diagrams illustrating institutional mission statements, bureaucratic procedures, and administrative structures. Marking a clear departure from the traditional iconography of the mandala-like pre-democratic state, these flowcharts are only partially successful. Their aspiration to be iconic materializations of an efficient new mode of governance betrays widespread anxieties that the Reform Era has fallen short of its reformist promise.</p>","PeriodicalId":47070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistic Anthropology","volume":"34 2","pages":"290-319"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jola.12435","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141864351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performing as ways of knowing: Projects of legibility and state simplification in postcolonial Hong Kong","authors":"Eugene Yu Ji","doi":"10.1111/jola.12434","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jola.12434","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper explores the evolving, adaptive, and self-making characteristics of how the Chinese state accesses and governs postcolonial Hong Kong, focusing on how the state develops ways of hegemonic simplification and projects of legibility through performances and political rituals. While drawing inspirations from Scott's classical concepts, the paper contends that the Chinese state's ways of knowing about Hong Kong are dynamic and performative rather than static and representative. The analysis identifies two primary models of state performativity in postcolonial Hong Kong. The first model, which emerged in the initial years after Hong Kong's reunion to China in 1997, focuses on semiotic mapping between sociolinguistic differentiation and sociopolitical boundary making through improvisational and interactional performance. The second model, which the state began to increasingly develop in the late 2000s, engages in a dialectic of boundary making and boundary breaking through scripted political rituals, aiming to both harmonize and subjugate the local within the state's cosmos. Broadly, this paper emphasizes the importance of viewing the state's performances and rituals as laminated and scalar processes and movements of knowledge making and re-making across sociocultural and sociopolitical timespace.</p>","PeriodicalId":47070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistic Anthropology","volume":"34 2","pages":"265-289"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jola.12434","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141830276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Asymmetrical listening practices and hegemonic aurality in a dual-language kindergarten classroom","authors":"Kristina Wirtz","doi":"10.1111/jola.12433","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jola.12433","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Listening practices among kindergarteners in a two-way bilingual elementary school reveal how asymmetries between incoming “English speakers” and “Spanish speakers” shape children's emerging language attitudes. My ethnographic study of a US Midwestern public school (2013–2017) shows that objectifying the two languages was a central project of the school that children embraced. This metapragmatic understanding is most evident in their listening, as opposed to speaking, practices. I argue that a hegemonic aurality privileging English and monolingualism emerges in students' differential attunements to language as <i>sounds</i> or as a <i>communicative code</i>, thereby reinforcing the social dominance of English monolingualism over Spanish bilingualism.</p>","PeriodicalId":47070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistic Anthropology","volume":"34 2","pages":"174-199"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141551564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The news event: Popular sovereignty in the age of deep mediatization By Francis Cody, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 2023. pp. 272","authors":"Andrew Graan","doi":"10.1111/jola.12432","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jola.12432","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistic Anthropology","volume":"34 2","pages":"320-322"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141368033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Signs of deference, signs of demeanour: Interlocutor reference and self-other relations across Southeast Asian speech communities By Dwi Noverini Djenar, Jack Sidnell (Eds.), Singapore: NUS Press. 2023. pp. vii-288","authors":"Cheryl Yin","doi":"10.1111/jola.12428","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jola.12428","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistic Anthropology","volume":"34 2","pages":"323-325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141123663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spanish So White: Conversations on the inconvenient racism of a ‘Foreign’ language education. Adam Schwartz, Bristol, UK; Jackson, TN: Multilingual Matters. 2023. pp. 160","authors":"Melissa Venegas","doi":"10.1111/jola.12426","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jola.12426","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistic Anthropology","volume":"34 2","pages":"326-328"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140840183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neutralizing the political: Language ideology as censorship in Esperanto youth media during the Cold War","authors":"Guilherme Fians","doi":"10.1111/jola.12427","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jola.12427","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article takes a magazine for Esperanto youth as an entryway to explore the links between language ideologies and censorial practices. During the Cold War, Esperanto print media sought a connection with the Third World to present Esperanto as an alternative to US-led English and USSR-led Russian. With anti-imperialism gaining ground in these magazines, their editors struggled to adhere to the ideology that posits Esperanto as a neutral and international language. Analyzing the editorial work behind the magazine <i>Kontakto</i>, I explore how partly silencing anti-colonial perspectives worked to safeguard Esperanto's neutrality, ultimately asking: how can language ideologies act as mechanisms of censorship?</p>","PeriodicalId":47070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistic Anthropology","volume":"34 2","pages":"200-219"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jola.12427","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140840181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Semiotic whitening: Whiteness without white people","authors":"Mike Mena","doi":"10.1111/jola.12425","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jola.12425","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the borderlands of south Texas, the Mexican and Mexican American social practice of naming includes the use of English-language names and nicknames, anglicized pronunciations, and English-language spellings and “misspellings,” all of which potentially index at least two historically informed perspectives: (1) the hegemonic “white gaze”; and (2) a localized, interrogating gaze. In this article, I focus on local naming practices to advance an approach to what I call <i>semiotic whitening</i>—the indexical linking of any phenomenon to the idealized norms of whiteness—to better understand how whiteness works from the perspective of Mexicans and Mexican Americans living in a geographic region (informed by colonial and white supremacist histories) where few white folks reside.</p>","PeriodicalId":47070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Linguistic Anthropology","volume":"34 2","pages":"220-242"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140563299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}