Biomarker Insights最新文献

{"title":"Copeptin Reflect Left Ventricular Systolic Function at Early Stage of Acute Myocardial Infarction in a Pig Model.","authors":"Wenjia Li,&nbsp;Wenjian Sun,&nbsp;Liang Lyu,&nbsp;Gang Wang,&nbsp;Weixin Yang,&nbsp;Hongfei An,&nbsp;Liling Chen,&nbsp;Jianhui Fan,&nbsp;Yan Yue,&nbsp;Rongshun Zhang","doi":"10.1177/11772719231171764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11772719231171764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Measurement of biomarkers early after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) might provide a cost-effective and widely available tool to assess infarct severity, myocardial dysfunction, and clinical outcomes. We aimed to induce AMI in miniature pigs, measure the levels of serum biomarkers and global LV function dynamically and explore the release kinetics and optimal sampling time points of copeptin and its correlation with global LV function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We induced AMI in the experimental group using a closed-chest model. Left ventricular (LV) function was detected by dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) and serum copeptin was determined by ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The serum copeptin levels were increased at 1 hour, peaked at 3 hours, gradually decreased after 6 hours, and returned to baseline 3 days after AMI. At 3 to 6 hours, the copeptin cutoff of 16.97 to 17.44 pmol/l had 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity (<i>P</i> ⩽ .001) for AMI. Serum copeptin levels at 3 hours and 3 days were negatively correlated with the 3-hours LVEF (<i>P</i> ⩽ .001), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum copeptin levels change in time, and measurements at 3 to 6 hours after AMI had the highest predictive value.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11772719231171764"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/02/e7/10.1177_11772719231171764.PMC10155031.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10289659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the Diagnostic Accuracy of Novel Urine Biomarkers for Urinary Tract Infection?","authors":"George Edwards,&nbsp;Anna Seeley,&nbsp;Adam Carter,&nbsp;Maia Patrick Smith,&nbsp;Elizabeth LA Cross,&nbsp;Kathryn Hughes,&nbsp;Ann Van den Bruel,&nbsp;Martin J Llewelyn,&nbsp;Jan Y Verbakel,&nbsp;Gail Hayward","doi":"10.1177/11772719221144459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11772719221144459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Urinary tract infection (UTI) affects half of women at least once in their lifetime. Current diagnosis involves urinary dipstick and urine culture, yet both methods have modest diagnostic accuracy, and cannot support decision-making in patient populations with high prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria, such as older adults. Detecting biomarkers of host response in the urine of hosts has the potential to improve diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To synthesise the evidence of the diagnostic accuracy of novel biomarkers for UTI, and of their ability to differentiate UTI from asymptomatic bacteriuria.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A systematic review.</p><p><strong>Data sources and methods: </strong>We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Web of Science for studies of novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of UTI. We excluded studies assessing biomarkers included in urine dipsticks as these have been well described previously. We included studies of adult patients (≥16 years) with a suspected or confirmed urinary tract infection using microscopy and culture as the reference standard. We excluded studies using clinical signs and symptoms, or urine dipstick only as a reference standard. Quality appraisal was performed using QUADAS-2. We summarised our data using point estimates and data accuracy statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 37 studies on 4009 adults measuring 66 biomarkers. Study quality was limited by case-control design and study size; only 4 included studies had a prospective cohort design. IL-6 and IL-8 were the most studied biomarkers. We found plausible evidence to suggest that IL-8, IL-6, GRO-a, sTNF-1, sTNF-2 and MCR may benefit from more rigorous evaluation of their potential diagnostic value for UTI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is insufficient evidence to recommend the use of any novel biomarker for UTI diagnosis at present. Further evaluation of the more promising candidates, is needed before they can be recommended for clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11772719221144459"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9902898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10679738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of a Customized Tertiary Analysis Platform for the Reporting of Somatic Variants.","authors":"Kala F Schilter,&nbsp;Sarah Dubay,&nbsp;Matt Stachowiak,&nbsp;Alysia Kaplan,&nbsp;Abby Stauffenger,&nbsp;Honey V Reddi","doi":"10.1177/11772719231178618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11772719231178618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Precision medicine for oncology requires the evaluation of variants identified in molecular profiling of solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. This includes evaluation of pre-analytical and postanalytical quality metrics, variant interpretation, classification, and tiering as outlined in established guidelines, association with clinical significance such as FDA approved drugs and clinical trials, and finally comprehensive reporting. This study documents our experience with the customization and implementation of a software platform that facilitates these requirements for effective reporting of somatic variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":"18 ","pages":"11772719231178618"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/63/ba/10.1177_11772719231178618.PMC10259170.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9686203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Purpose, Partnership, and Possibilities: The Implementation of the Dog Aging Project Biobank.","authors":"Lara Mouttham, Marta G Castelhano","doi":"10.1177/11772719221137217","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11772719221137217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biobanks have been supporting longitudinal prospective and retrospective studies by providing standardized services for the acquisition, transport, processing, storage, and distribution of high-quality biological material and associated data. Here, we describe how the Dog Aging Project (DAP), a large-scale longitudinal study of the domestic dog (<i>Canis familiaris</i>) with translational applications for humans, developed a biobank of canine biospecimens and associated data.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>This was accomplished by working with the Cornell Veterinary Biobank, the first biobank in the world to receive accreditation to ISO 20387:2018-General Requirements for Biobanking. The biobank research team was involved in the early collection stages of the DAP, contributing to the development of appropriate workflows and processing fit-for-purpose biospecimens. In support of a dynamic strategy for real-time adjustment of processes, a pilot phase was implemented to develop, test, and optimize the biospecimen workflows, followed by an early phase of collection, processing, and banking of specimens from DAP participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the pilot and early phases of collection, the DAP Biobank stored 164 aliquots of whole blood, 273 aliquots of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, 130 aliquots of plasma, and 70 aliquots of serum, and extracted high molecular weight genomic DNA suitable for whole-genome sequencing from 109 whole blood specimens. These specimens, along with their associated preanalytical data, have been made available for distribution to researchers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We discuss the challenges and opportunities encountered during the implementation of the DAP Biobank, along with novel strategies for promoting biobanking sustainability such as partnering with a DAP quality assurance manager and a DAP marketing and communication specialist and developing a pilot grant structure to fund small innovative research projects.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":"17 ","pages":"11772719221137217"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/05/fb/10.1177_11772719221137217.PMC9716607.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9635853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Genetic Polymorphisms of the Antioxidant Enzymes and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Preterm Neonates With Respiratory Distress Syndrome Receiving External Surfactant.","authors":"Kannan Sridharan,&nbsp;Mona Al Jufairi,&nbsp;Aamal AbdulGhani Mahdi Hejab,&nbsp;Abdulraoof Al Madhoob,&nbsp;Reem Al Marzooq,&nbsp;Safa Taha,&nbsp;Muna Jaber Mulla Aljishi,&nbsp;Ameera Abdulhadi,&nbsp;Eman Al Ansari,&nbsp;Masooma Abdulla Ali,&nbsp;Maryam Ali Ahmed Naser,&nbsp;Ola Al Segai,&nbsp;Kevin Dunne","doi":"10.1177/11772719221137608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11772719221137608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preterm neonates, particularly extremely preterm, are susceptible to respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) due to surfactant deficiency. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the antioxidant enzymes influence the balance between antioxidant and oxidative stress molecules.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To ascertain the role of SNPs of antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress biomarkers in preterm neonates with RDS.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Observational, cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Preterm neonates diagnosed with RDS receiving external surfactant within 24 hours were considered as the cases and those without RDS were the control group. Umbilical cord blood and peripheral blood samples before administering surfactant (day 1), and on days 2 and 3 were collected. Plasma malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy guanosine (8-OH-dG), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), visfatin, reduced glutathione, and chaperonin 60 were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. SNPs in manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX1 and GPX3), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GSTP1) were evaluated using real-time polymerase-chain-reaction. The receiver-operating characteristics curve was used for predicting the accuracy of biomarkers using the area under the curve (AUC) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GSTP1, MnSOD, and eNOS (rs1799983) SNPs were observed to significantly influence the oxidative biomarker concentrations in the entire study population. SNPs in <i>GSTP1</i>, <i>MnSOD</i>, and <i>eNOS</i> (rs1799983) were significantly associated with differences in oxidative stress biomarkers. <i>MnSOD</i> (rs4880) significantly increased the risk of pulmonary complications in neonates with RDS. DNA damage product (8-OH-dG) concentrations before surfactant administration has the best predictive accuracy (AUC: 0.8; 95% CI: 0.7-1; <i>P</i> = .001) for pulmonary complications with a cut-off value of 5008.8 pg/mL. TAC concentrations are significantly greater on day 2 and day 3 amongst neonates receiving surfactant compared to the control group. AOPP in the umbilical cord blood was observed to significantly predict the severity of RDS (AUC: 0.8; 95% CI: 0.6-1; <i>P</i> = .01) with an optimal cut-off value of 88.78 µmol/L.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We observed that SNPs in <i>eNOS</i> and <i>MnSOD</i> significantly influence the production of oxidative stress biomarkers in preterm neonates. Baseline 8-OH-dG concentrations best predict the risk of pulmonary complications and AOPP concentrations in the umbilical cord blood predict the risk of RDS severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":" ","pages":"11772719221137608"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ab/52/10.1177_11772719221137608.PMC9663612.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40689826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prognostic Value of Lung Injury and Fibrosis Markers, KL-6, TGF-β1, FGF-2 in COVID-19 Patients.","authors":"Hazan Karadeniz,&nbsp;Aslıhan Avanoğlu Güler,&nbsp;Hasan Selçuk Özger,&nbsp;Pınar Aysert Yıldız,&nbsp;Gonca Erbaş,&nbsp;Gülendam Bozdayı,&nbsp;Tuba Deveci Bulut,&nbsp;Özlem Gülbahar,&nbsp;Dilek Yapar,&nbsp;Hamit Küçük,&nbsp;Mehmet Akif Öztürk,&nbsp;Abdurrahman Tufan","doi":"10.1177/11772719221135443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11772719221135443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biomarkers of lung injury and interstitial fibrosis give insight about the extent of involvement and prognosis in well-known interstitial lung diseases (ILD). Serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) reflects direct alveolar injury and, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) are principal mediators of fibrosis in ILD and in almost all fibrotic diseases. In this sense, we aimed to assess associations of these biomarkers with traditional inflammatory markers and clinical course of COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with COVID-19 who had confirmed diagnosis with SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid RT-PCR were enrolled and followed up prospectively with a standardized approach one month after diagnosis. Patients were divided into severe and non-severe groups according to National Institutes of Health criteria. Outcome was assessed for the requirement of intensive care unit (ICU) admission, long term respiratory support and death. Blood samples were collected at enrollment and serum levels of KL-6, TGF-β1, FGF-2 were determined by ELISA. Association between these markers with other prognostic markers and prognosis were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall 31 severe and 28 non-severe COVID-19 patients were enrolled and were compared with healthy control subjects (n = 30). Serum KL-6 levels in COVID-19 patients were significantly higher (median [IQR]; 11.54 [4.86] vs 8.54 [3.98] ng/mL, <i>P</i> = .001] and FGF-2 levels were lower (median [IQR]; 76.84 [98.2] vs 101.62 [210.6] pg/mL) compared to healthy control group. A significant correlation was found between KL-6 values and CRP, fibrinogen, d-dimer and lymphocyte counts. However, we did not find an association between these markers and subsequent severity of COVID-19, mortality and long-term prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Serum KL-6 levels were significantly elevated at the diagnosis of COVID-19 and correlated well with the other traditional prognostic inflammatory markers. Serum levels of principal fibrosis mediators, TGF-β1, FGF-2, were not elevated at diagnosis of COVID-19, therefore did not help to anticipate long term prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":" ","pages":"11772719221135443"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6f/6c/10.1177_11772719221135443.PMC9643117.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40687245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring of Post-Brain Injuries By Measuring Plasma Levels of Neuron-Derived Extracellular Vesicles.","authors":"Naoshi Hotta,&nbsp;Takahiro Tadokoro,&nbsp;John Henry,&nbsp;Daisuke Koga,&nbsp;Keisuke Kawata,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Ishida,&nbsp;Yuko Oguma,&nbsp;Akihiro Hirata,&nbsp;Masato Mitsuhashi,&nbsp;Kenji Yoshitani","doi":"10.1177/11772719221128145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11772719221128145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Extracellular vesicles (EV) released from neurons into the blood can reflect the state of nervous tissue. Measurement of neuron derived EV (NDE) may serve as an indicator of brain injury.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sandwich immunoassay was established to measure plasma NDE using anti-neuron CD171 and anti-EV CD9 ([CD171 ⁺ CD9⁺]). Plasma samples were obtained from commercial sources, cross-country (n = 9), football (n = 22), soccer (n = 19), and rugby (n = 18) athletes over time. Plasma was also collected from patients undergoing total aortic arch replacement (TAR) with selective cerebral perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass before and after surgery (n = 36).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The specificity, linearity, and reproducibility of NDE assay (measurement of [CD171 ⁺ CD9⁺]) were confirmed. By scanning electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking, spherical vesicles ranging in size from 150 to 300 nm were confirmed. Plasma levels of NDE were widely spread over 2 to 3 logs in different individuals with a significant age-dependent decrease. However, NDE were very stable in each individual within <i>a</i> ± 50% change over time (cross-country, football, soccer), whereas rugby players were more variable over 4 years. In patients undergoing TAR, NDE increased rapidly in days post-surgery and were significantly (<i>P</i> = .0004) higher in those developing postoperative delirium (POD) (n = 13) than non-delirium patients (n = 23).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The blood test to determine plasma levels of NDE was established by a sandwich immunoassay using 2 antibodies against neuron (CD171) and exosomes (CD9). NDE levels varied widely in different individuals and decreased with age, indicating that NDE levels should be considered as a normalizer of NDE biomarker studies. However, NDE levels were stable over time in each individual, and increased rapidly after TAR with greater increases associated with patients developing POD. This assay may serve as a surrogate for evaluating and monitoring brain injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":" ","pages":"11772719221128145"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0f/53/10.1177_11772719221128145.PMC9618756.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40662051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Behaviour of Serum Survivin in Patients With Lupus Nephritis.","authors":"Renata Valente Lisboa,&nbsp;Fabiola Reis de Oliveira,&nbsp;Thaise Oliveira Quaresma,&nbsp;Rafael Moura de Almeida,&nbsp;Rene Donizeti Ribeiro Oliveira,&nbsp;Paulo Louzada Junior","doi":"10.1177/11772719221131470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11772719221131470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, multi phenotypic, autoimmune inflammatory disease and renal involvement significantly worsens its prognosis. Apoptosis dysregulation plays a key pathogenic role. Survivin, a protein from the apoptosis inhibitors family, has been considered a promising strategy in cancer therapy and evaluated as one of the regulatory pathways in the scenario of immune-mediated disorders.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore survivin behaviour in SLE patients with lupus nephritis (LN), assessing its potential as a therapeutic and prognostic biomarker.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>297 SLE patients were classified based on the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 1997 criteria, from 2000 to 2015. In a cross-sectional study, the serum level of survivin was measured by an ELISA test and compared between 200 SLE individuals and healthy controls. In a longitudinal cohort, 97 patients with active LN had the concentration of survinin measured, before and after treatment with cyclophosphamide pulse therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The serum concentration of survivin was significantly lower in the SLE group than in healthy controls, regardless of concomitant NL or disease activity. The longitudinal evaluation revealed a significant reduction in survivin serum level after treatment. However, survivin rates were not able to discriminate groups that achieved remission from those that maintained nephritis activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggests that survivin levels in SLE patients are lower than in the general population. Even so, its use as a biomarker in SLE seems limited, not reflecting disease activity or response to LN treatment, as in other contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":" ","pages":"11772719221131470"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d0/ea/10.1177_11772719221131470.PMC9597205.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40656300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FRailty and Arterial stiffness - the role of oXidative stress and Inflammation (FRAXI study).","authors":"Ekow Mensah,&nbsp;Khalid Ali,&nbsp;Winston Banya,&nbsp;Frances Ann Kirkham,&nbsp;Manuela Mengozzi,&nbsp;Pietro Ghezzi,&nbsp;Chakravarthi Rajkumar","doi":"10.1177/11772719221130719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11772719221130719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>There is an association between frailty and arterial stiffness. However, arterial stiffness does not uniformly correlate with the spectrum of frailty states. Both oxidative stress and inflammaging contribute to vascular ageing. There are no human studies exploring links between arterial stiffness, oxidative stress, inflammaging and frailty. Our objective is to investigate arterial stiffness and inflammaging as predictors of frailty states.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational longitudinal cohort study will be used to examine the association between arterial stiffness, oxidative stress and inflammation in 50 older adults (⩾70 years) with clinical frailty scores (CFS) ⩽6 over 6 months. All study measurements will be taken at baseline. Frailty assessment will include hand-grip strength, timed-up and go test, mini-mental state examination, geriatric depression scale and sarcopenia using body composition measurements with Tanita^®. Arterial stiffness measurements will include carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and carotid-radial pulse wave velocity (crPWV) using Complior (Alam Medical, France). CAVI device will measure Cardio-ankle vascular index and ankle brachial index (ABI). Oxidative stress blood markers nitrotyrosine (NT) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosin (8-oxo-dG) and inflammation markers high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interlukin-6(IL-6) will be measured at baseline and 6 month along with lipid profile and glycated haemoglobin.</p><p><strong>Results data analysis plan: </strong>Descriptive statistics for continuous data using means and standard deviations for normality distributed variables or medians and inter-quartile ranges for skewed variables will be used. Participants will be categorised into CFS 1-3, and CFS 4-6. Categorical data will use frequencies and comparison between groups. Change in frailty between the groups over 6 months will be compared using paired t-test. Simple linear regression will be done between frailty measures, arterial stiffness, inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers. Significance will be at <i>P</i> < .05.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study data will inform a larger, multi-centre study exploring further the interplay between frailty, biomarkers and arterial stiffness parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":" ","pages":"11772719221130719"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9583202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40581454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum ACE2 Level is Associated With Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.","authors":"Amjad Bani Hani,&nbsp;Nafez Abu Tarboush,&nbsp;Mo'ath Bani Ali,&nbsp;Fahad Alabhoul,&nbsp;Fahad Alansari,&nbsp;Ahmad Abuhani,&nbsp;Mustafa Al-Kawak,&nbsp;Badea'a Shamoun,&nbsp;Suzan Albdour,&nbsp;Mahmoud Abu Abeeleh,&nbsp;Mamoun Ahram","doi":"10.1177/11772719221125123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11772719221125123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) represents the primary receptor for SARS-CoV-2 to enter endothelial cells, causing coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). In this study, we investigate the association between circulating ACE2 levels with the severity of COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Serum ACE2 levels were measured in 144 COVID-19-positive subjects at hospital admission, and 123 COVID-19-negative control subjects. The association between ACE2 and clinical outcomes was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>About 144 COVID-19 patients and 123 healthy controls data were analyzed, the mean age of patients was 62 years and 50% of them were males. The mean age of the control group was 55 years and 63% were males. ACE-II level was measured and compared between COVID-19 patients and controls and revealed no significant differences (<i>P</i> > .05). ACE-II level was measured in COVID-19 patients and compared between different patient's subgroups, ACE II level was not dependent on gender, smoking, ACE intake, or comorbidities (<i>P</i> > .05), and was significantly correlated with cardiovascular diseases (CVS) (<i>P</i>-value = .046) ICU admission (<i>P</i>-value = .0007) and Death (<i>P</i>-value = .0082).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was no significant difference between the COVID-19 and Control group, however, ACE2 serum level was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 who were critically ill or non-survivors, its increased level is also associated with length of stay. Elevated ACE2 level is associated with the severity of COVID-19 disease, and it has the potential to be a predictor of the severity of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":" ","pages":"11772719221125123"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/61/e9/10.1177_11772719221125123.PMC9500304.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33481564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}