Pacific Affairs最新文献_第6页

Network Monarchy as Euphoric Couplet 网络君主制作为一对抒情对联

IF 1.6 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.5509/2021943549

D. McCargo

引用次数: 3

Are Economic Sanctions against North Korea Effective? Assessing Nighttime Light in 25 Major Cities 对朝鲜的经济制裁有效吗？评估25个主要城市的夜间光线

IF 1.6 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.5509/2021943465

Sung Hyun Son, Joonmo Cho

引用次数: 1

Understanding Election Violence in the Philippines: Beware the Unknown Assassins of May 了解菲律宾的选举暴力:当心五月的未知刺客

IF 1.6 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.5509/2021943491

Thomas J. Smith, J. Reyes

{"title":"Understanding Election Violence in the Philippines: Beware the Unknown Assassins of May","authors":"Thomas J. Smith, J. Reyes","doi":"10.5509/2021943491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5509/2021943491","url":null,"abstract":"Despite election violence being a commonly agreed upon phenomena in the Philippines, there has been a dearth in academic research on the topic in recent years, largely due to a lack of reliable information. To address this, our article adapts recognized methods from studies such as\u0000 Lindsay Shorr Newman's 2013 paper, together with Stephen McGrath and Paul Gill's 2014 research on terrorism and elections. To expose the timing of election violence, we tracked incidents relative to election dates for the period from 2004 to 2017, with the results indicating that violence\u0000 increased closer to an election date, and frequency substantially increased during the 14-year period. This is the first academic journal article since John Linantud in 1998 to focus on the issue of election violence in the Philippines but through adaptive methodologies goes further, enabling\u0000 national analysis. Furthermore, our findings reveal statistically significant differences regarding the types of terrorist attacks and targets when comparing election and non-election periods. We highlight complicating factors such as the majority of attacks being attributed to \"unknown\" actors\u0000 and the complex situation during elections. The results also demonstrate that election violence in the Philippines is dominated by the New People's Army and the use of assassination. The paper makes the case for further research and the creation of a dedicated database of election violence\u0000 in the Philippines and elsewhere, and evaluates the measures implemented by the government that have failed to stem election violence.","PeriodicalId":47041,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Affairs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45689328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Keep On Moving: Rural University Graduates as Sales Workers in South and Central China 继续前进:农村大学毕业生成为华南和华中地区的销售人员

IF 1.6 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.5509/2021942265

Willy Sier

{"title":"Keep On Moving: Rural University Graduates as Sales Workers in South and Central China","authors":"Willy Sier","doi":"10.5509/2021942265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5509/2021942265","url":null,"abstract":"Between 1978 and 2018 the percentage of the Chinese workforce in the service sector rose from 12.2 to 46.3. A large share of this workforce is in sales, selling products ranging from household goods, insurance, advertising space, and education, to various other services. The proliferation\u0000 of salespeople in China is facilitated by the dramatic increase in the number of university graduates. Personnel in sales jobs, which are particularly popular among graduates from rural backgrounds with degrees from universities with indifferent reputations, experience an extraordinarily high\u0000 level of mobility. They typically change jobs every few months, either because they are fired or they pursue better opportunities. Based on one year of fieldwork undertaken between 2015 and 2017, this article shows how the rapid expansion of China's higher education subjects students from\u0000 rural backgrounds to new inequalities, which, in turn, reconfigure the rural-urban divide into multiple intersecting hierarchies. Building on the concept of complexed development, this article analyzes how salespeople experience contradictory mobilities in a web of intersecting hierarchies.\u0000 It shows how they achieve upward status mobility by breaking away from agricultural and manual labour and becoming university graduates and white-collar workers; but also, how they sometimes experience downward mobility in terms of income in comparison to previous generations of migrants and\u0000 their less-educated peers.","PeriodicalId":47041,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Affairs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47788753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Documenting China's Garment Industry: Wang Bing's Portrayal of Migrant Workers' Suspended Lives within the Contract Labour System 记录中国服装产业:王兵对农民工在合同劳动制度下的“悬命”的描绘

IF 1.6 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.5509/2021942371

S. V. D. Meulen

{"title":"Documenting China's Garment Industry: Wang Bing's Portrayal of Migrant Workers' Suspended Lives within the Contract Labour System","authors":"S. V. D. Meulen","doi":"10.5509/2021942371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5509/2021942371","url":null,"abstract":"This essay examines two films by the Chinese documentary filmmaker Wang Bing about temporary migrant workers in small, privately owned garment workshops in Zhejiang Province, China: Bitter Money (Ku Qian; 2016) and 15 Hours (Shi Wu Xiao Shi; 2017). Wang's\u0000 films portray Chinese garment workers' lived experiences of \"suspension,\" as defined by Biao Xiang in this issue, in unique cinematic ways. Social sciences have paid close attention to the experiences of migrant workers, but art documentaries use audiovisual and aesthetic means to explore\u0000 their everyday reality, producing what D. MacDougall calls distinctive \"affective knowledge.\" Wang's films are usually categorized as part of the Sixth Generation of Chinese filmmakers, known for capturing social issues through observational methods. In this essay, I identify Wang's works\u0000 with the aesthetics of \"slow cinema\" and a global documentary trend in the visual arts as theorized by T. J. Demos in The Migrant Image. Based on close observation coupled with empathetic insight, Wang develops his own subjective method to portray people in a transformed and still changing\u0000 China, where suspension is a common state of being. Ultimately, Wang's films not only make the personal experiences of migrant workers visible and tangible, but also problematize their underlying, collective condition of suspension due to the contract labour system and associated hypermobility.\u0000 The suspension approach suggests a productive way of bringing documentary art and social sciences into dialogue.","PeriodicalId":47041,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Affairs","volume":"94 1","pages":"371-396"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43830285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Suspension 2.0: Segregated Development, Financial Speculation, and Waiting among Resettled Peasants in Urban China 暂停2.0:中国城市安置农民的隔离发展、金融投机与等待

IF 1.6 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.5509/2021942347

Yang Zhan

{"title":"Suspension 2.0: Segregated Development, Financial Speculation, and Waiting among Resettled Peasants in Urban China","authors":"Yang Zhan","doi":"10.5509/2021942347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5509/2021942347","url":null,"abstract":"Since the late 2000s, many rural-to-urban migrants in China have lost their rural land to development plans, resettled in designated areas, and acquired formal urban residency. They stopped migrating, and have apparently ended their life of \"suspension,\" namely protracted mobility.\u0000 While most existing research literature on this population foregrounds the issue of land dispossession, this article argues that, following resettlement, these former migrants' lives can be more accurately characterized as a state of suspension instead of dispossession. Many resettled young\u0000 adults, while having secured livelihood thanks to state compensation, are excluded from the technology- and capital-intensive developments to which they have lost their land. Some of these young people instead became petty speculators and rentier capitalists by liquidating their compensated\u0000 assets through mortgages, private lending, rent, and other financial means. They are constantly waiting for the next investment opportunity and windfall gain. Although physically settled down and economically secure, they remain anxious and unsettled. They continue to orient their lives towards\u0000 an elusive future rather than striving to transform the here and now, thus living in a state that I call \"suspension 2.0.\"","PeriodicalId":47041,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Affairs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47063798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Suspension: Seeking Agency for Change in the Hypermobile World 暂停：在超级移动世界中寻找变革的推动者

IF 1.6 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.5509/2021942233

B. Xiang

引用次数: 29

"To Be a Little More Realistic": The Ethical Labour of Suspension among Nightclub Hostesses in Southeast China “现实一点”：东南地区夜店女服务员停职的伦理劳动

IF 1.6 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.5509//2021942307

Jiazhi Fengjiang

{"title":"\"To Be a Little More Realistic\": The Ethical Labour of Suspension among Nightclub Hostesses in Southeast China","authors":"Jiazhi Fengjiang","doi":"10.5509//2021942307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5509//2021942307","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the \"ethical labour\" of suspension––the conscious effort of deferring one's ethical judgement and reflections in order to avoid irreconcilable ethical conflicts between one's present activities and long-term goals. While people engage in ethical judgement\u0000 and reflections in everyday social interactions, it is the laborious aspect of regulating one's ethical dispositions that I highlight in the concept of \"ethical labour.\" Although it cannot be directly commodified, ethical labour is a form of labour as it consumes energy and is integral to\u0000 the performance of other forms of labour, particularly intimate and emotional ones. This formulation of ethical labour draws on my long-term ethnographic research with a group of young women migrants working as hostesses in high-end nightclubs in southeast China. Many of them perform socially\u0000 stigmatized work with the goal of contributing to their family and saving money for a dignified life in the future. Ethical labour is essential to their hostess work because it enables them to juggle multiple affective relationships and defer the fundamental ethical conflict. They express\u0000 ethical labour through the phrase \"to be a little more realistic,\" making sure that they obtain what they want at a particular moment. But ethical labour does not simply mean pushing ethical questions aside. It is sustained by conscious effort and is overshadowed by fears of ageing and failure\u0000 to achieve long-term life goals. Prolonged ethical labour often fails to resolve ethical conflict and may intensify one's stress. My analysis of these women migrants' situation contributes to the sex-as-work debate regarding women's agency in work and their subjection to exploitation.","PeriodicalId":47041,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Affairs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46801715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Chinese Workers in Ethiopia Caught between Remaining and Returning 在埃塞俄比亚的中国工人进退两难

IF 1.6 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.5509/2021942329

M. Driessen

{"title":"Chinese Workers in Ethiopia Caught between Remaining and Returning","authors":"M. Driessen","doi":"10.5509/2021942329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5509/2021942329","url":null,"abstract":"Ever since Beijing has sought to fuel domestic growth through Chinese-led development overseas—first under the aegis of Jiang Zemin's Going Out Policy and more recently as part of Xi Jinping's Belt and Road Initiative— thousands of Chinese have moved overseas for work. Africa\u0000 has been one of the destinations of Chinese companies and their expatriate staff. Although we have learned a great deal about China's mega-projects across the African continent, little is known about the certified engineers and experienced builders who carry them out. What brings them to Africa?\u0000 And, more importantly, what makes them stay for years on end, even if they wish to return to China? In this article I zoom in on the lives of Chinese men employed in Ethiopia's construction industry to show how three decades of domestic growth in China has pushed workers overseas, while jeopardizing\u0000 their return. Workers' lives are marked by double displacement. They are not only isolated from local African communities through a dormitory labour regime that controls their time and limits their mobility, but also, more importantly, they are displaced from social life in China. Domestic\u0000 development has at once increased aspirations and made them harder to obtain, especially for men, who are expected to fulfill the promise of upward social mobility for themselves and their families. In order to realize aspirations and meet social expectations related to social reproduction,\u0000 geographic mobility has become a necessity for men who cannot rely on family wealth or connections, forcing them into a state of suspension.","PeriodicalId":47041,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Affairs","volume":"94 1","pages":"329-346"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41333718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Spaces of Suspension: Construction, Demolition, and Extension in a Beijing Migrant Neighbourhood 悬置的空间：北京外来人口居住区的建设、拆除和扩建

IF 1.6 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.5509/2021942251

Tzu-Chi Ou

{"title":"Spaces of Suspension: Construction, Demolition, and Extension in a Beijing Migrant Neighbourhood","authors":"Tzu-Chi Ou","doi":"10.5509/2021942251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5509/2021942251","url":null,"abstract":"Communities with large concentrations of migrants, who often live in makeshift and illegal housing, have been common on the margins of large cities in China since the 1980s. Why do so-called \"urban villages\" persist and even flourish despite repeated government crackdowns? By addressing this question, this article sheds light on a subtle dynamic of city making that has not been fully appreciated by scholarly literature and media reports that have focused on large-scale demolition and eviction in China's rapid urbanization. Drawing from my two years of field research in Hua village, a community on Beijing's fringes in line for land expropriation, I explore how multilateral negotiations between local residents (villagers), migrant tenants, the village committee, and municipal government led to a cyclical movement of temporary housing construction, demolition, and extension. The dynamics of recurring demolishment and reconstruction engendered spaces of suspension, which enabled migrants to enter the urban economy at a low cost. Such spaces, however, offered no formal protection or basis for developing lasting social relations, and always faced the prospect of being demolished, but nevertheless were constantly available and even expanding.","PeriodicalId":47041,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Affairs","volume":"94 1","pages":"251-264"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44889789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1