Pacific Affairs最新文献

Department of Error. 错误部。

IF 98.4 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2024-08-31 Epub Date: 2019-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32643-1

引用次数: 0

Management of Recurrent and Refractory Posterior Epistaxis by Transnasal Endoscopic Sphenopalatine Artery Cauterization: a Prospective Cohort Study. 经鼻内镜蝶腭动脉烧灼治疗复发性难治性后鼻出血:一项前瞻性队列研究。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-03793-3

Karthik Sundarajan, Suresh Mani, Karthiga Arumugam

{"title":"Management of Recurrent and Refractory Posterior Epistaxis by Transnasal Endoscopic Sphenopalatine Artery Cauterization: a Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Karthik Sundarajan, Suresh Mani, Karthiga Arumugam","doi":"10.1007/s12070-023-03793-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12070-023-03793-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transnasal endoscopic sphenopalatine artery occlusion procedures are becoming the standard of care for intractable posterior epistaxis. Improved endoscopic anatomical features of the lateral nasal wall and endoscopic skill with high-resolution cameras result in a higher success rate of endoscopic intervention. To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic cauterization of the sphenopalatine artery (ESPAC) in controlling intractable posterior nasal bleeding. This prospective cohort study enrolled patients with refractory posterior epistaxis from August 2016 to December 2019. The trial recruited patients between 18 and 65 years of age with a history of recurrent and refractory posterior epistaxis receiving endoscopic arterial cauterization due to conservative treatment failure. All of the cases involved bipolar cauterization. Recurrent nosebleeds must pause for at least three months for a procedure to be considered successful. In the first 30 days following surgery, complications are recorded. 415 patients with epistaxis received both inpatient and outpatient care. Transnasal ESPAC was necessary for 36 patients (11.5%). The most common comorbidity was hypertension accounting for 9 (23%) cases. Thus, 26 of 36 (72%) cases had a unilateral ESPAC, while 10 (28%) had a bilateral ESPAC. Twenty-two (61%) and ten (28%) patients had single and two branching patterns of the sphenopalatine artery, respectively. Septal correction and middle meatus antrostomy (44%) were the most performed additional procedures. During the three-month follow-up period, 35 patients in this study had epistaxis control; the success rate of ESPAC was 97.2%. There were no significant postoperative complications found. Endoscopic sphenopalatine artery cauterization is successful in controlling 97.2% of posterior epistaxis. It is safe and effective without any significant complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":47041,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Affairs","volume":"75 1","pages":"2792-2797"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10645779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91290596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fiji's 2022 Election: The Defeat of the Politics of Fear 斐济2022年大选:恐惧政治的失败

IF 1.6 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.5509/2023963531

Jon Fraenkel

引用次数: 0

Presidential Personality and Foreign Policy Decision-Making: The Sunshine Policy under Kim Dae-jung (1998–2003) 总统人格与外交决策：金大中的阳光政策（1998-2003）

IF 1.6 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.5509/2023962493

Shin Yon Kim

{"title":"Presidential Personality and Foreign Policy Decision-Making: The Sunshine Policy under Kim Dae-jung (1998–2003)","authors":"Shin Yon Kim","doi":"10.5509/2023962493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5509/2023962493","url":null,"abstract":"This study uses leadership trait analysis to examine the link between personality and policy regarding South Korea's Sunshine Policy toward North Korea and demonstrates that Kim Dae-jung's personality characteristics largely accounted for this policy's content, process, and outcome.\u0000 With an analytical focus on the decision-making system, this study finds that Kim's formal model was characterized by a control deemed inherently more indirect, subtle, and socialized than direct, personalized, or outright. Specifically, this type of control can be attributed to Kim's personality\u0000 traits, such as a persistently high need for power and relationship focus, along with other idiosyncratic style variables, such as disinclination toward interpersonal conflict, a sense of efficacy, and a sophisticated cognitive quality. President Kim's resulting management style had the e\u0000 ect of empowering members of his advisory group and invigorating the policy process. In addition, the president's trusted chief of staff, who served as a competent and thoughtful custodian manager with substantial authority, helped manage the system effectively and enhanced its stability.\u0000 The study concludes that Kim Dae- jung's management style, incorporating socialized control over decision- making, combined with his advocate leadership style in implementation (marked by a relentless push for his rapprochement agenda and a tendency to challenge constraints indirectly), helped\u0000 accelerate the overall policy process. This contributed to the improvement of inter-Korean relations during his presidency.","PeriodicalId":47041,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Affairs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46119285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Governing the COVID-19 Pandemic in Malaysia: Shifting Capacity under a Fragmented Political Leadership 治理马来西亚COVID-19大流行:在支离破碎的政治领导下转移能力

IF 1.6 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.5509/2023963469

Por Heong Hong

{"title":"Governing the COVID-19 Pandemic in Malaysia: Shifting Capacity under a Fragmented Political Leadership","authors":"Por Heong Hong","doi":"10.5509/2023963469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5509/2023963469","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing on a variety of material—mass and social media texts, government reports, and everyday observations—this article examines two interrelated dynamics in Malaysia in 2020–2021: the COVID-19 pandemic's unfolding local trajectory and the short-lived Perikatan Nasional\u0000 (PN) coalition's governance capacity. Despite political instability resulting from this government's rise to power following internal political manouevrings, it managed to e ectively control a major wave of cases with the help of a centralized healthcare system manned by permanent professional\u0000 sta and the imposition of coercive measures. Thus, Malaysia's success in \"governing\" the early phase of the pandemic is arguably attributable to its strong state infrastructure, notwithstanding the untimely unfolding of this political coup. However, an ideal type approach—that is, concern\u0000 with state capacity—is inadequate in making sense of subsequent failures to control the pandemic after a state election took place several months later. Using Migdal's \"state-in-society\" approach, this article focuses on the political process of pandemic governance to shed light on Malaysia's\u0000 shifting state capabilities. Arguably, the resulting shifting responses were mainly shaped by: (1) continuous partisanship; (2) PN's internal fragmentation; (3) PN's complacency in initially \"flattening the curve\"; and (4) poor governance during the state election.","PeriodicalId":47041,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Affairs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43750606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"Ambiguous" Network Monarchy as Problematic Euphoric Couplet “暧昧”的网络君主制作为有问题的欣快对联

IF 1.6 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.5509/2023963553

Yoshinori Nishizaki

引用次数: 0

Social Media and Malaysia's 2022 Election: The Growth and Impact of Video Campaigning 社交媒体与马来西亚2022年大选：视频竞选的增长和影响

IF 1.6 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.5509/2023962303

R. Tapsell

{"title":"Social Media and Malaysia's 2022 Election: The Growth and Impact of Video Campaigning","authors":"R. Tapsell","doi":"10.5509/2023962303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5509/2023962303","url":null,"abstract":"This article argues that Malaysia's 2022 General Election (GE15) amplified negative campaigning via new techniques associated with platform and technological advancements, led by creative innovations in campaign tactics, including livestreaming and video content. GE15 was the freest\u0000 election campaign in Malaysia's history. All political parties and coalitions enjoyed access to a wide range of mainstream and online media to disseminate content, and new platforms like TikTok emerged as influential conduits of campaign messages. Yet serious problems in this digital public\u0000 sphere remain a feature of the country's media landscape. These include cybertroopers, fake news peddlers, and those creating polarizing content around race and religious issues. This article explains how social media campaigning in Malaysia is becoming more professionalized and better resourced,\u0000 inspiring some diversity and creativity, while at the same time enabling groups who spread narratives intended to incite and enrage, particularly via video content. The Malaysian case exemplifies the growing problems within the contemporary digital public sphere, showing how the professionalization\u0000 of social media campaigning can lead to disinformation and, ultimately, polarization.","PeriodicalId":47041,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Affairs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42691606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climate Change and The Production of Knowledge 气候变化与知识生产

IF 1.6 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.5509/2023962343

A. Hermkens

引用次数: 1

Moderation of Sarawak Regionalism in Malaysia's 15th General Election 马来西亚第十五届大选中沙捞越地方主义的缓和

IF 1.6 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.5509/2023962323

I. Ngu

{"title":"Moderation of Sarawak Regionalism in Malaysia's 15th General Election","authors":"I. Ngu","doi":"10.5509/2023962323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5509/2023962323","url":null,"abstract":"Compared to Sarawak state elections, in the 2022 general election (GE15) the incumbent Sarawak Parties Alliance (Gabungan Parti Sarawak, GPS) and Sarawak-based opposition parties' campaigns demonstrated a tendency toward a moderate rather than radical autonomy discourse. In GE15, these\u0000 candidates attempted to reconcile their regionalism with nationalism to stay relevant in the national political landscape. Meanwhile, opposition parties performed better in certain Chinese- and Dayak-majority seats, exposing the limits of the Sarawak autonomy discourse. To explain these patterns,\u0000 this article locates Sarawak against the backdrop of a centralized Malaysian federal government to clarify the salience of both structural and cultural factors in shaping autonomy claims. It shows the importance of inclusive and democratic institutions, like a general election, in integrating\u0000 peripheral communities and checking radical regionalism. Further, preceding the general election, the readiness of the federal government to delegate power to the state government effectively secured the state ruling elite's commitment to remain in the national government. However, institutional\u0000 decentralization is insufficient to calm autonomy claims, as cultural pluralism increasingly underpins Sarawak regionalism. Sarawak's autonomy discourse will not fade away and could radicalize again if the central government holds to exclusive ethnoreligious nationalism.","PeriodicalId":47041,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Affairs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47225243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Globalization of Arms Production And Hierarchical Market Economies: 武器生产全球化和等级市场经济:

IF 1.6 4区社会学

Pacific Affairs Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.5509/2023962229

Chong-ki Choi, Soul Park

{"title":"Globalization of Arms Production And Hierarchical Market Economies:","authors":"Chong-ki Choi, Soul Park","doi":"10.5509/2023962229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5509/2023962229","url":null,"abstract":"The global arms industry has experienced a major transformation in the post-Cold War era, with production becoming increasingly transnational and larger in scale. While many scholars and policymakers predicted the widespread adoption of market-enhancing reforms aimed at increasing domestic\u0000 competition and attracting FDI, globalization of arms production has not led to a convergence of national defense industries into a liberal- market model. Drawing on the varieties of capitalism (VoC) literature, recent scholarship has demonstrated how an interdependent web of economic institutions\u0000 has shaped each country's response in varied ways. This paper builds on the VoC literature and argues that the hierarchical market economy (HME) as a distinct variety serves as a better model for understanding the trajectory of defense industries in many second-tier producers that do not fit\u0000 the existing categories of VoC. We conduct an in-depth case study of South Korea's defense-industry reform initiated in 2008 and the subsequent threefold increase in its arms exports. We show that the trajectory of South Korea's defense-industry reform can be seen as the result of an HME's\u0000 attempt to adapt to the globalization of arms production in ways that preserve its distinct comparative advantage. As the HME model has broad applicability for many countries in Asia and Latin America, our findings have important implications for future developments in the global arms industry.","PeriodicalId":47041,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Affairs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44182377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0