Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Metastatic choroidal melanoma in the breast: a case report and review of the literature.","authors":"Loay Abudalu,&nbsp;Vinisha Malhotra,&nbsp;Nabila Nasir,&nbsp;Sami Titi","doi":"10.4132/jptm.2023.06.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2023.06.07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The breast is an unusual site for metastases, accounting for less than 2% of malignant breast lesions but include those from malignant melanomas, carcinomas, sarcomas, and lymphomas from various organs. We diagnosed a very rare case of metastatic choroidal melanoma for a 67-year-old female who presented with a right breast lump and who had been previously diagnosed with choroidal melanoma-monosomy 3 in 2017. To the best of our knowledge, only five such cases have been published so far, with one in a male patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":46933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine","volume":"57 4","pages":"238-241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/11/86/jptm-2023-06-07.PMC10369135.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10239989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loss of aquaporin-1 expression is associated with worse clinical outcomes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study.","authors":"Seokhyeon Lee,&nbsp;Bohyun Kim,&nbsp;Minsun Jung,&nbsp;Kyung Chul Moon","doi":"10.4132/jptm.2023.06.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2023.06.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aquaporin (AQP) expression has been investigated in various malignant neoplasms, and the overexpression of AQP is related to poor prognosis in some malignancies. However, the expression of AQP protein in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has not been extensively investigated by immunohistochemistry with large sample size.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated the AQP expression in 827 ccRCC with immunohistochemical staining in tissue microarray blocks and classified the cases into two categories, high and low expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High expression of aquaporin-1 (AQP1) was found in 320 cases (38.7%), but aquaporin-3 was not expressed in ccRCC. High AQP1 expression was significantly related to younger age, low TNM stage, low World Health Organization/International Society of Urologic Pathology nuclear grade, and absence of distant metastasis. Furthermore, high AQP1 expression was also significantly associated with longer overall survival (OS; p<.001) and progression-specific survival (PFS; p<.001) and was an independent predictor of OS and PFS in ccRCC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study revealed the prognostic significance of AQP1 protein expression in ccRCC. These findings could be applied to predict the prognosis of ccRCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":46933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine","volume":"57 4","pages":"232-237"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3f/05/jptm-2023-06-17.PMC10369134.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10239988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrathyroidal metastasis of tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma masquerading as a primary thyroid tumor.","authors":"Jai-Hyang Go","doi":"10.4132/jptm.2023.06.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2023.06.16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intrathyroidal metastasis of tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma is rare. To date, only six cases have been reported in the literature. This case was unusual and presented with thyromegaly before the diagnosis of the primary tumor. A 55-year-old male patient was suspected to have a primary thyroid tumor with nodal metastasis. The thyroid gland was diffusely enlarged, with no discernible mass. Histologically, the thyroid parenchyma revealed extensive endolymphatic tumor emboli, which were positive for p40 and p16 in a background of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography revealed hypermetabolic activity in the right tonsillar region. Tonsillar biopsy revealed human papillomavirus-positive squamous cell carcinoma. The present case is the first reported case of intrathyroidal metastasis of tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma with an initial clinical presentation of thyroid enlargement before the primary tumor of tonsillar cancer was diagnosed.</p>","PeriodicalId":46933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine","volume":"57 4","pages":"242-245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c8/03/jptm-2023-06-16.PMC10369140.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9935988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A stepwise approach to fine needle aspiration cytology of lymph nodes.","authors":"Yosep Chong,&nbsp;Gyeongsin Park,&nbsp;Hee Jeong Cha,&nbsp;Hyun-Jung Kim,&nbsp;Chang Suk Kang,&nbsp;Jamshid Abdul-Ghafar,&nbsp;Seung-Sook Lee","doi":"10.4132/jptm.2023.06.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2023.06.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cytological diagnosis of lymph node lesions is extremely challenging because of the diverse diseases that cause lymph node enlargement, including both benign and malignant or metastatic lymphoid lesions. Furthermore, the cytological findings of different lesions often resemble one another. A stepwise diagnostic approach is essential for a comprehensive diagnosis that combines: clinical findings, including age, sex, site, multiplicity, and ultrasonography findings; low-power reactive, metastatic, and lymphoma patterns; high-power population patterns, including two populations of continuous range, small monotonous pattern and large monotonous pattern; and disease-specific diagnostic clues including granulomas and lymphoglandular granules. It is also important to remember the histological features of each diagnostic category that are common in lymph node cytology and to compare them with cytological findings. It is also essential to identify a few categories of diagnostic pitfalls that often resemble lymphomas and easily lead to misdiagnosis, particularly in malignant small round cell tumors, poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas, and nasopharyngeal undifferentiated carcinoma. Herein, we review a stepwise approach for fine needle aspiration cytology of lymphoid diseases and suggest a diagnostic algorithm that uses this approach and the Sydney classification system.</p>","PeriodicalId":46933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine","volume":"57 4","pages":"196-207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0a/9d/jptm-2023-06-12.PMC10369138.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10239986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-center study on clinicopathological and typical molecular pathologic features of metastatic brain tumor.","authors":"Su Hwa Kim,&nbsp;Young Suk Lee,&nbsp;Sung Hak Lee,&nbsp;Yeoun Eun Sung,&nbsp;Ahwon Lee,&nbsp;Jun Kang,&nbsp;Jae-Sung Park,&nbsp;Sin Soo Jeun,&nbsp;Youn Soo Lee","doi":"10.4132/jptm.2023.06.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2023.06.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The metastatic brain tumor is the most common brain tumor. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the clinicopathological and molecular pathologic features of brain metastases (BM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 269 patients were diagnosed with BM through surgical resection at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital from January 2010 to March 2020. We reviewed the clinicopathological features and molecular status of primary and metastatic brain tissues using immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 269 patients, 139 males and 130 females were included. The median age of primary tumor was 58 years (range, 13 to 87 years) and 86 patients (32.0%) had BM at initial presentation. Median BM free interval was 28.0 months (range, 1 to 286 months). The most frequent primary site was lung 46.5% (125/269), and followed by breast 15.6% (42/269), colorectum 10.0% (27/269). Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation was found in 50.8% (32/63) and 58.0% (40/69) of lung primary and BM, respectively. In both breast primary and breast cancer with BM, luminal B was the most frequent subtype at 37.9% (11/29) and 42.9% (18/42), respectively, followed by human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 with 31.0% (9/29) and 33.3% (14/42). Triple-negative was 20.7% (6/29) and 16.7% (7/42), and luminal A was 10.3% (3/29) and 7.1% (3/42) of breast primary and BM, respectively. In colorectal primary and colorectal cancer with BM, KRAS mutation was found in 76.9% (10/13) and 66.7% (2/3), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We report the clinicopathological and molecular pathologic features of BM that can provide useful information for understanding the pathogenesis of metastasis and for clinical trials based on the tumor's molecular pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":46933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine","volume":"57 4","pages":"217-231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b8/64/jptm-2023-06-10.PMC10369139.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9935989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reevaluating diagnostic categories and associated malignancy risks in thyroid core needle biopsy.","authors":"Chan Kwon Jung","doi":"10.4132/jptm.2023.06.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2023.06.20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the application of core needle biopsy (CNB) in evaluating thyroid nodules rises in clinical practice, the 2023 Korean Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Patients with Thyroid Nodules have officially recognized its value for the first time. CNB procures tissue samples preserving both histologic structure and cytologic detail, thereby supplying substantial material for an accurate diagnosis and reducing the necessity for repeated biopsies or subsequent surgical interventions. The current review introduces the risk of malignancy within distinct diagnostic categories, emphasizing the implications of noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features on these malignancy risks. Prior research has indicated diagnostic challenges associated with follicular-patterned lesions, resulting in notable variation within indeterminate diagnostic categories. The utilization of mutation-specific immunostaining in CNB enhances the accuracy of lesion classification. This review underlines the essential role of a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosing follicular-patterned lesions and the potential of mutation-specific immunostaining to strengthen diagnostic consensus and inform patient management decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":46933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine","volume":"57 4","pages":"208-216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a2/43/jptm-2023-06-20.PMC10369141.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10239985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis regression.","authors":"Michael J Lee","doi":"10.4132/jptm.2023.05.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2023.05.24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cirrhosis has traditionally been considered an irreversible process of end-stage liver disease. With new treatments for chronic liver disease, there is regression of fibrosis and cirrhosis, improvement in clinical parameters (i.e. liver function and hemodynamic markers, hepatic venous pressure gradient), and survival rates, demonstrating that fibrosis and fibrolysis are a dynamic process moving in two directions. Microscopically, hepatocytes push into thinning fibrous septa with eventual perforation leaving behind delicate periportal spikes in the portal tracts and loss of portal veins. Obliterated portal veins during progressive fibrosis and cirrhosis due to parenchymal extinction, vascular remodeling and thrombosis often leave behind a bile duct and hepatic artery within the portal tract. Traditional staging classification systems focused on a linear, progressive process; however, the Beijing classification system incorporates both the bidirectional nature for the progression and regression of fibrosis. However, even with regression, vascular lesions/remodeling, parenchymal extinction and a cumulative mutational burden place patients at an increased risk for developing hepatocellular carcinoma and should continue to undergo active clinical surveillance. It is more appropriate to consider cirrhosis as another stage in the evolution of chronic liver disease as a bidirectional process rather than an end-stage, irreversible state.</p>","PeriodicalId":46933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine","volume":"57 4","pages":"189-195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/06/bd/jptm-2023-05-24.PMC10369136.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10262128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What's new in hematopathology 2023: updates on mature T-cell neoplasms in the 5th edition of the WHO classification.","authors":"Mario L Marques-Piubelli,&nbsp;Roberto N Miranda","doi":"10.4132/jptm.2023.06.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2023.06.15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The overview of the upcoming Blue Book of the 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Hematolymphoid Tumors was published in Leukemia in June 2022. The updates on mature T-/NK-cell lymphomas and leukemias are organized in nine groups based on cell of origin, morphology, clinical scenario, and localization, and are highlighted in this newsletter.</p>","PeriodicalId":46933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine","volume":"57 4","pages":"246-249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fa/78/jptm-2023-06-15.PMC10369137.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9878065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis regression.","authors":"Michael J Lee","doi":"10.4132/jptm.2022.05.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2022.05.24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cirrhosis has traditionally been considered an irreversible process of end-stage liver disease. With new treatments for chronic liver disease, there is regression of fibrosis and cirrhosis, improvement in clinical parameters (i.e. liver function and hemodynamic markers, hepatic venous pressure gradient), and survival rates, demonstrating that fibrosis and fibrolysis are a dynamic process moving in two directions. Microscopically, hepatocytes push into thinning fibrous septa with eventual perforation leaving behind delicate periportal spikes in the portal tracts and loss of portal veins. Obliterated portal veins during progressive fibrosis and cirrhosis due to parenchymal extinction, vascular remodeling and thrombosis often leave behind a bile duct and hepatic artery within the portal tract. Traditional staging classification systems focused on a linear, progressive process; however, the Beijing classification system incorporates both the bidirectional nature for the progression and regression of fibrosis. However, even with regression, vascular lesions/remodeling, parenchymal extinction and a cumulative mutational burden place patients at an increased risk for developing hepatocellular carcinoma and should continue to undergo active clinical surveillance. It is more appropriate to consider cirrhosis as another stage in the evolution of chronic liver disease as a bidirectional process rather than an end-stage, irreversible state.</p>","PeriodicalId":46933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10067018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathologic characterization of cervical metastasis from an unknown primary tumor: a multicenter study in Korea.","authors":"Miseon Lee,&nbsp;Uiree Jo,&nbsp;Joon Seon Song,&nbsp;Youn Soo Lee,&nbsp;Chang Gok Woo,&nbsp;Dong-Hoon Kim,&nbsp;Jung Yeon Kim,&nbsp;Sun Och Yoon,&nbsp;Kyung-Ja Cho","doi":"10.4132/jptm.2023.04.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2023.04.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research regarding cervical metastasis from an unknown primary tumor (CUP) according to human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status in Korea has been sporadic and small-scale. This study aims to analyze and understand the characteristics of CUP in Korea according to viral and p16 and p53 status through a multicenter study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety-five cases of CUP retrieved from six hospitals in Korea between January 2006 and December 2016 were subjected to high-risk HPV detection (DNA in situ hybridization [ISH] or real-time polymerase chain reaction), EBV detection (ISH), and immunohistochemistry for p16 and p53.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CUP was HPV-related in 37 cases (38.9%), EBV-related in five cases (5.3%), and unrelated to HPV or EBV in 46 cases (48.4%). HPV-related CUP cases had the best overall survival (OS) (p = .004). According to the multivariate analysis, virus-unrelated disease (p = .023) and longer smoking duration (p < .005) were prognostic factors for poor OS. Cystic change (p = .016) and basaloid pattern (p < .001) were more frequent in HPV-related cases, and lymphoepithelial lesion was frequent in EBV-related cases (p = .010). There was no significant association between viral status and p53 positivity (p = .341), smoking status (p = .728), or smoking duration (p = .187). Korean data differ from Western data in the absence of an association among HPV, p53 positivity, and smoking history.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Virus-unrelated CUP in Korea had the highest frequency among all CUP cases. HPV-related CUP is similar to HPV-mediated oropharyngeal cancer and EBVrelated CUP is similar to nasopharyngeal cancer in terms of characteristics, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":46933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine","volume":"57 3","pages":"166-177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a8/a7/jptm-2023-04-12.PMC10209665.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9577108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}