Journal of Children and Media最新文献

{"title":"Grandsharenting: How grandparents in Belgium negotiate the sharing of personal information related to their grandchildren and engage in privacy management strategies on facebook","authors":"Luna Staes, M. Walrave, Lara Hallam","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2023.2177318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2023.2177318","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Sharenting, the practice whereby parents disclose information about their children on social media, is ubiquitous in our digital society. Even though grandparents take on a considerable role in their grandchildren’s lives and use social media, little is known about grandparents’ sharenting behavior (i.e., grandsharenting). This study explores grandparents’ motives for grandsharenting and privacy management strategies using Communication Privacy Management theory. Based on 17 interviews with grandparents (Facebook users aged between 52 and 83) in Flanders (Belgium), six motives for grandsharenting were identified: informing others about their grandchildren’s development; interacting with other grandparents; giving advice; role confirmation; showing pride towards their grandchildren or happiness of being a grandparent and saving memories. Grandparents indicated they cared about their grandchildren’s digital identities and applied cost-mitigating strategies to protect grandchildren’s privacy. Although cost-mitigating strategies varied by the grandchild’s age, respondents said to consider the content they post, to ask permission to their grandchild before sharing information to respect privacy boundaries and to avoid privacy turbulence. As only grandparents with minor grandchildren were interviewed, parental involvement was deemed important. Grandparents intervened when they experienced grandchildren’s privacy had been violated. Findings contribute to research on privacy regulation, impression management and intergenerational relations in a digital landscape. IMPACT SUMMARY Prior state of knowledge: Research on sharenting predominantly focuses on the motives for parental sharenting and outlines the privacy risks sharenting contains. Moreover, in line with Communication Privacy Management theory, research lays bare the cost-mitigating strategies parents adopt to protect their child’s privacy online. Novel contributions: As grandparents often take on a considerable role in their grandchildren’s lives and increasingly use social media, this study contributes to communication and family studies by investigating grandparents’ motives for sharenting and by examining how they engage in privacy management. Practical implications: We recommend grandparents to discuss their grandsharenting behavior with their grandchild or the parents of the child before sharing content about the grandchild on social media. Moreover, we encourage grandparents to respect privacy rules in order to avoid intra-familial conflict.","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43299151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No longer invisible, but still mistreated: Trans minors and the Spanish digital press (2006-2020)","authors":"Rubén Olveira-Araujo","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2023.2165518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2023.2165518","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The increase in media attention towards trans issues in the last two decades has contributed to reinforcing its visibility. However, the media coverage of trans minors has hardly been addressed by previous literature. The objective of this study is to analyze the media coverage of trans children and adolescents in the Spanish digital press during the period 2006–2020. To do that, this article has conducted a quantitative content analysis combining manual coding and rule-based text classification. The results confirm that the media coverage of trans minors has increased. Most of the analyzed delegitimization patterns of trans people have decreased over the years, although they remain relatively stable during the last period. Contrary to what could be thought, childhood and adolescence do not seem to act as a protective factor against media delegitimization. These findings suggest that trans children are at the front-page of Spanish public debate. Despite the increasing visibility of trans minors, they continue to be mistreated in the media. In fact, trans children may be even more questioned than adults. All in all, this study underlines the importance of trans minors in the news coverage of trans issues and, in extension, in the fight for trans rights. IMPACT SUMMARY Prior state of knowledge: Even if previous literature suggests that news media coverage seems to be associated with the number of trans children who go to clinical services to start their social transition, there is no longitudinal quantitative evidence on the news media representation of trans children. Novel contributions: Neither childhood nor adolescence seem to act as a protective factor against media delegitimization. In fact, trans children may be even more questioned than adults and they have become a centerpiece for anti-trans media strategies. Practical implications: The need to continue raising awareness among journalists about trans minors is underscored. Some possible courses of action could be the participation of journalists in the creation and dissemination of guidelines and the organization of asynchronous online courses and offline workshops.","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49632899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Love and sexual scripts: A content analysis of 19 Netflix teen series","authors":"Ann Masterson, Nicole M. Messina","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2023.2165517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2023.2165517","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Since 2015, Netflix has been one of the largest holders of teen viewers, greatly surpassing cable TV and other streaming platforms. This study focused on depictions of romantic love on screen, how these scenes intersected with sexual scripts, and the gender initiation and reception of this material. A content analysis was performed on 19 Netflix original series, which were coded using categories influenced by sexual script theory and adapted from Dillman Carpentier: loving language, loving behavior, sexual language, sexual behavior, and sexual health. Results found instances of loving or sexual content in each episode. Both loving and sexual language were the predominant aspects with sexual health instances in a few episodes. Included in the findings is a focus on loving language scripts that focus on ending a relationship rather than building or maintaining a relationship which has implications for teen expectations. Gender initiation and reception was largely equal across the five categories indicating a shift in gendered scripts. This study addresses the limited research within Netflix original series and furthers how sexual script theory understands the connection between loving and sexual content in teen programming. IMPACT SUMMARIES Prior State of Knowledge: Previous research has found that sexual scripts on television follow the traditional heterosexual script, with men as the pursuers and women being more emotional. Often, teen programming is more likely to show committed relationships, separating casual and committed sexual relationships. Novel Contributions: Our findings suggest that within Netflix teen programming, men and women are equally likely to initiate loving or sexual behavior. Programming is also more likely to see scripts skewed toward ending relationships rather than toward building healthy relationships. Practical Implications: Romantic and sexual scripts in television can influence teenagers’ expectations of relationships, including sexual health behaviors. Parents and educators should be aware of the romantic language and behavior dynamics shaping viewers’ perspectives, specifically given the lack of safe sex depictions.","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44521840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Representations of LGBQ+ families in young children’s media","authors":"Allyson L. Snyder, J. A. Bonus, Drew P. Cingel","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2023.2173856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2023.2173856","url":null,"abstract":"Representations of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (LGBQ+) characters in children’s media have proliferated over the last five years (GLAAD Media Institute, 2019). In large part, this shift has occurred because attitudes toward LGBQ+ individuals have substantially improved among the general public, thus incentivizing content creators to diversify their representations (GLAAD Media Institute, 2020). Most LGBQ+ characters, however, have appeared in programs targeted to older children (i.e., ages 7 and older), with relatively few appearing in programs targeted to younger children (i.e., ages 3 to 6). This discrepancy likely stems from the fact that these programs typically depict ageappropriate romances among same-sex characters (e.g., crushes or dating). Although these stories allow older LGBQ+ children to see themselves represented on screen, they are less socially meaningful for younger children. It is possible, however, to include socially relevant LGBQ+ representations in media for young children by focusing on diverse families. Family diversity varies across dimensions of race, socioeconomic status, gender, and family structure (Fine et al., 2000). Here, we focus on diverse family structure, such as a child who has two fathers or a child who has a mother that remains single because she is aromantic. In this commentary, we consider the theoretical importance of LGBQ+ representations in young children’s media, review the current state of these representations, and provide recommendations for researchers and practitioners.","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42868382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problematic media use in early childhood: The role of parent-child relationships and parental wellbeing in families in New Zealand and the United States.","authors":"Cara S Swit, Sarah M Coyne, Jane Shawcroft, Megan Gath, Rachel Barr, Hailey G Holmgren, Laura Stockdale","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2023.2230321","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17482798.2023.2230321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Problematic media use (PMU) during early childhood has the potential to interfere with the healthy functioning of family systems and may be associated with significant long-term problems for the child. However, we know very little about what contributes to early childhood PMU, particularly in the family context. We examine parenting factors as correlates of child PMU in two studies, from two different countries, using two different methods. Study 1 (N=93, Mage=45.3months, SD=10.15, 58%males, 87%mothers) investigated the concurrent role of self-reported parental burnout and parent-child conflict and closeness as correlates of child PMU in an early childhood sample in New Zealand. Study 2 (N=269, Mage=41.17months, SD=3.06 months, 49%males, 95%mothers) investigated observed parental warmth and harsh criticism as predictors of concurrent and longitudinal PMU in an early childhood sample in the United States. Together, findings showed that in both countries approximately 22-25% of young children show symptoms of PMU. After controlling for parent's PMU, parent-child conflict, warmth and parental burnout were not associated with child PMU. Low levels of parent-child closeness and parent's use of harsh criticism were predictive of child PMU. The findings advance our understanding of some of the parenting factors that influence the development of PMU in young children.</p>","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10786582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44405012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toddlers and the Telly: A latent profile analysis of children's television time and content and behavioral outcomes one year later in the U.S.","authors":"Hailey G Holmgren, Laura Stockdale, Jane Shawcroft, Sarah M Coyne, Ashley M Fraser","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2023.2195194","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17482798.2023.2195194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the ubiquity of tablets and smartphones, television remains the most frequently used screen media consumed by young children. However, it is likely that variability exists in how young children use media; for example, while some may view small amounts of aggressive content, others may view many hours each day of aggressive and prosocial media content. It is possible that differences in toddler television time and content also impact behavioral outcomes. The aims of this study were two-fold; first, we examined profiles of children's time spent watching television and media content viewed. Second, we examined longitudinal relations between media use profiles and outcomes including aggression, prosocial behavior, and problematic media use. Results suggested a three-profile solution of children's television time and content, including \"Low TV content,\" \"High child-centered content,\" and \"High aggressive content\" profiles. The \"High aggressive content\" group experienced higher levels of problematic media use and aggressive behavior one year later compared to other classes. The discussion focuses on implications of these findings. We urge parents to become aware of both television time and media content as they may relate to problematic media use behaviors in young children.</p>","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10434976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10054724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Masters of Media: A longitudinal study of parental media efficacy, media monitoring, and child problematic media use across early childhood in the United States.","authors":"Sarah M Coyne, Adam Rogers, Hailey G Holmgren, McCall A Booth, Megan Van Alfen, Holly Harris, Rachel Barr, Laura M Padilla-Walker, J Andan Sheppard, Jane Shawcroft, MarjAnn Ober","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2023.2200958","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17482798.2023.2200958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of problematic media use in early childhood is not well understood. The current study examined long-term associations between parental media efficacy, parental media monitoring, and problematic media use across a three-year period of time during early childhood. Participants included 432 parents who reported on their own parenting and their child's use of problematic media once a year for three years (<i>M</i> age of child at Wave 1 = 29.68 months, <i>SD</i> = 3.73 months). Results revealed that early parental media efficacy predicted lower levels of child problematic media use over time. Restrictive media monitoring was also related to lower levels of child problematic media use over time. Additionally, general parental efficacy was related to parental media efficacy and lower child problematic media use, both at the cross-sectional and longitudinal levels. Discussion focuses on encouraging early parental media efficacy (and exploring other potential mechanisms) as a way to mitigate the development of problematic media use over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10575305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41239788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying a family stress model to understand U.S. families' patterns of stress, media use, and child behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Stephanie M Reich, Yujia Liu, Nestor Tulagan, Esmeralda Martin, Melissa Dahlin, Natasha Cabrera","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2023.2187853","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17482798.2023.2187853","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly altered family life, and research among adults and families is finding increases in financial stress, mental health problems, screen time, parental conflict, and child behavior problems. Given these patterns, we sought to replicate these findings with a younger and largely non-white sample and consider how these constructs might relate to each other by using the Family Stress Model. From surveys of 247 predominately Latine mothers and fathers of children under 4 years in the U.S., we found that financial strain was related to children's media exposure and use, largely through impacts on parents' mental health and coparenting relationship. Interestingly, only use of television in the background and during mealtimes were associated with increases in children's behavior problems. Such findings better capture how stress may operate in a family system and offer a way to counsel parents about healthier media habits for children.</p>","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10361240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9881991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Under the influence of (alcohol)influencers? A qualitative study examining Belgian adolescents’ evaluations of alcohol-related Instagram images from influencers","authors":"S. Vranken, K. Beullens, Delphine Geyskens, Jörg Matthes","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2022.2157457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2022.2157457","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Influencers are important socialization agents among adolescents. There are rising concerns that influencers glamorize their alcohol behaviors and promote brands on Instagram. While exposure to alcohol messages influences adolescents’ alcohol use, it remains unclear how adolescents evaluate influencers’ alcohol images. We conducted 10 focus group interviews with 47 adolescents (Mage = 16.21; SD = 1.22). Our results demonstrated that adolescents frequently encounter images of influencers who hold alcoholic beverages, provide positive reviews for brands, or promote their own beverages. Additionally, building on the Message Interpretation Process model, we examined how individuals affectively (i.e. message desirability) and cognitively (i.e. realism, similarity) evaluate these alcohol images. Our results suggest that adolescents enjoy viewing images of influencers who depicted positive alcohol-related outcomes, highlighted their luxurious lifestyles, and were transparent about their partnership with alcohol brands. Only upon explicitly encouraging them to think aloud about the realism of and similarity to these images; and through discussions with their friends, they became more skeptical and perceived influencers’ images to be inauthentic. Where these critical evaluations took place, the persuasive effects seemed to diminish. Overall, our findings suggest that peer-led discussions and think-aloud procedures may be promising tools for media literacy interventions. IMPACT SUMMARY Prior state of knowledge Influencers use Instagram to memorialize alcohol drinking and recommend brands to adolescents. Exposure to alcohol images, however, has been demonstrated to influence offline alcohol cognitions and behaviors. Novel contributions Extending the Message Interpretation Process model, our qualitative study indicated that stylistic features and emotional appeals in influencers’ alcohol images drive affective evaluations, while the valence, setting, and commercial transparency determine cognitive evaluations. Critical cognitive evaluations overturn positive affective evaluations. Practical Implications The study showed that peer-led discussions and think-aloud procedures may be useful tools in media literacy trainings to activate adolescents’ critical cognitive evaluations. These cognitive evaluations would in turn enable adolescents to regulate their affective evaluations.","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45447794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital rights in digital exclusion settings: the experiences of institutionalised youth in Portuguese detention centres","authors":"M. Brites, Teresa Sofia Castro","doi":"10.1080/17482798.2022.2145324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2022.2145324","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Institutionalised youths who are digitally disconnected while long-standing in detention centres (in Portugal, these are called educational centres) face constraints to their digital rights. Given that most youths already come from deprived contexts, their present and future lives are deeply challenged. This article explores data collected in the participatory project DiCi-Educa, based on institutionalised youths’ digital media production and critical thinking, regarding issues such as digital citizenship, participation, and otherness. Using a participatory action research (PAR) methodology, they were stimulated to widen their views of the world and reflect on their digital rights and acts of participation using digital media. Institutionalised youths’ understandings before the project were centred on the use of social media, video games, illegal downloads, and hacking. Thus, during the project, they were challenged to debate participatory acts using the internet and digital media as tools for social change. The results point to these tools as relevant opportunities to the disconnected settings of the ECs. We recommend the need to tackle critical methods for thinking the digital realm as a path to building critical skills with these youths. Widening their views of the world can stimulate their well-being and contribute to avoiding risky behaviours. IMPACT SUMMARY Prior State of Knowledge: Summarize what is known about the topic. The digital rights experiences of institutionalised youth in detention centres are an under-studied topic in media studies. In addition, there is a lack of research compiling participatory media production and reflection on the uses of the internet in these contexts. Novel Contributions: Summarize the primary contributions the findings make to the field. This study revealed the need to (1) bring digital and technological opportunities to the disconnected youth in detention centres; (2) the need to ensure quality types of digital equipment and a stable broadband connection; at last, (3) it pointed to the necessity to widen youth views of the world and promote non-risky behaviours. Practical Implications: Authors should explicitly state what the practical implications of their findings are, and whether those implications are primarily for practitioners, policymakers, or parents. Our findings primarily target youth and staff in detention centres and secondly policymakers. We suggest to develop (1) longitudinal research and training with institutionalised youth and (2) training for the detention centres staff.","PeriodicalId":46908,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Children and Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42326513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}