Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia最新文献

{"title":"New minimally invasive solutions for Benign Prostatic Obstruction (BPO) management: A position paper from the UrOP (Urologi Ospedalità Gestione Privata).","authors":"Rosario Leonardi, Francesca Ambrosini, Rafaela Malinaric, Angelo Cafarelli, Alessandro Calarco, Renzo Colombo, Ottavio De Cobelli, Ferdinando De Marco, Giovanni Ferrari, Giuseppe Ludovico, Stefano Pecoraro, Domenico Tuzzolo, Carlo Terrone, Guglielmo Mantica","doi":"10.4081/aiua.2023.12003","DOIUrl":"10.4081/aiua.2023.12003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To the Editor, In recent years, alternative solutions have been proposed to obtain effective results comparable to TURP, which is currently considered the gold standard, and laser vapo-enucleation techniques (1, 2), but with the possibility of maintaining sexual functions. In recent years there has been a growing trend towards ejaculation preservation. Although the results of TURP (3), and most laser enucleation techniques are undoubted in the Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) management, they often lack in the preservation of ejaculation. All the alternative recently proposed interventions (Rezum, AquaBeam, Urolift, TPLA, i-TIND, LEST) are procedures considered by some authors to be promising in both managing BPO and preserving sexual functions. However, all these methods are limited by a lack of long-term follow-up that would evaluate the efficacy over time, possible complications related to the method and the correct patient selection for a specific method. The aim of this letter is to summarize the available evidence and provide clinicians with practical recommendations on the use of the brand new minimally invasive techniques for the management of BPO. [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":46900,"journal":{"name":"Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138800483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relation between myostatin levels and malnutrition and muscle wasting in hemodialysis patients.","authors":"Amal H Ibrahim, Sammar A Kasim, Alshimaa A Ezzat, Noha E Ibrahim, Donia A Hassan, Amira Sh Ibrahim, Tamer A Abouelgreed, Ehab M Abdo, Naglaa M Aboelsoud, Nermeen M Abdelmonem, Mohammad Thabet Alnajem, Ahmed A Aboomar","doi":"10.4081/aiua.2023.11869","DOIUrl":"10.4081/aiua.2023.11869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Malnutrition is one of the most troublesome comorbidities among hemodialysis patients (HD). Myostatin (MSTN) belongs to the transforming growth factor-β superfamily. In HD patients, MSTN effects are not limited to skeletal muscle growth. The present study aimed to assess MSTN levels in HD patients and its relation to various clinical and biochemical parameters.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>The present case control study included 60 patients on HD for at least three years. In addition, there were age and sex-matched healthy subjects who constitutes the control group. Nutritional status was evaluated using the malnutrition inflammation score (MIS). Muscle wasting in the present study was evaluated using the lean tissue index (LTI) as assessed by the body composition monitor (BCM). Rectus Femoris Muscle (RFM) thickness was also measured as indicator for nutritional status of patient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The present study included 60 HD patients, and ageand sex-matched healthy controls. Patients expressed significantly higher myostatin levels when compared to controls [median (IQR): 221.3 (153.5-688.2) versus 144.8 (97.0-281.7), p < 0.001]. According to MIS, patients were classified into those with no/mild malnutrition (n = 22) and others with moderate/severe malnutrition (n = 38). Comparison between the two subgroups revealed that the former group had significantly lower myostatin levels [167.7 (150.3-236.3) versus 341.7 (160.9-955.9), p = 0.004]. According to LTI, patients were classified into those with muscle wasting (n = 23) and others without muscle wasting (n = 37). Comparative analysis showed that patients in the former group had significantly higher myostatin levels [775.1 (325.1-2133.7) versus 161.8 (142.6-302.3), p < 0.001].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Myostatin seems to be a promising marker for identification of malnutrition and muscle wasting in HD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":46900,"journal":{"name":"Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138800707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy of preoperative renal artery embolization prior to radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma: Is it necessary?","authors":"Gullyawan Rooseno, Lukman Hakim, Tarmono Djojodimedjo","doi":"10.4081/aiua.2023.12018","DOIUrl":"10.4081/aiua.2023.12018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Radical nephrectomy for Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) is still the treatment of choice for all stages except for stage I and IV, which need patient selectivity. The purpose of Renal Artery Embolization (RAE) pre-operative before radical nephrectomy is to facilitate resection, reduce bleeding, and reduce the time to surgery, but the necessity of this procedure is still debatable. This study investigates the efficacy of pre-operative Renal Artery Embolization (PRAE) before radical nephrectomy for RCC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The systematic searches based on PRISMA guidelines were conducted in Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Medrxiv, and ScienceDirect databases with pre-defined keywords. Both analyses, quantitative and qualitative, were performed to assess blood loss, transfusion rate, surgical time, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay, and hospital stay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 921 patients from 8 eligible studies were included. The blood loss was significantly lower in the PRAE group compared to the control group (p = < 0.00001; SMD -20 mL; 95%CI -0.29, -0.12). There is no statistically significant difference between RAE and without RAE in the transfusion rate nephrectomy (p = 0.53, OR 0.65; 95% CI 0.16, 2.57), mean operative time (p = 0.69; SMD 5.91; 95% CI -23.25, 35.07), mean length of hospital stay (p = 0.05; SMD 0.56; 95% CI 0.00, 1.12), and mean length of stay in the ICU (p = 0.45; SMD 11.61; 95% CI -18.35, 41.57) Conclusions: PRAE before radical nephrectomy significantly reduces blood loss in RCC patients but is similar in the surgical time, transfusion rate, and length of hospital stay and ICU stay.</p>","PeriodicalId":46900,"journal":{"name":"Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138499761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility study of a novel robotic system for transperitoneal partial nephrectomy: An in vivo experimental animal study.","authors":"Solon Faitatziadis, Vasileios Tatanis, Paraskevi Katsakiori, Angelis Peteinaris, Kristiana Gkeka, Athanasios Vagionis, Theodoros Spinos, Arman Tsaturyan, Theofanis Vrettos, Panagiotis Kallidonis, Jens-Uwe Stolzenburg, Evangelos Liatsikos","doi":"10.4081/aiua.2023.11852","DOIUrl":"10.4081/aiua.2023.11852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the safety and feasibility of partial nephrectomy with the use of the novel robotic system in an in vivo animal model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Right partial nephrectomy was performed in female pigs by a surgical team consisting of one surgeon and one bedside assistant. Both were experienced in laparoscopic surgery and trained in the use of the novel robotic system. The partial nephrectomies were performed using four trocars (three trocars for the robotic arms and one as an assistant trocar). The completion of the operations, set-up time, operation time, warm ischemia time (WIT) and complication events were recorded. The decrease in all variables between the first and last operation was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, eight partial nephrectomies were performed in eight female pigs. All operations were successfully completed. The median set-up time was 19.5 (range, 15-30) minutes, while the estimated median operative time was 80.5 minutes (range, 59-114). The median WIT was 23.5 minutes (range, 17-32) and intra- or postoperative complications were not observed. All variables decreased in consecutive operations. More precisely, the decrease in the set-up time was calculated to 15 minutes between the first and third attempts. The operative time was reduced by 55 minutes between the first and last operation, while the WIT was decreased by 15 minutes during the consecutive attempts. No complications were noticed in any operation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using the newly introduced robotic system, all the advantages of robotic surgery are optimized and incorporated, and partial nephrectomies can be performed in a safe and effective manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":46900,"journal":{"name":"Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138499762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prophylactic omentectomy procedure in reducing the complication rate of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in pediatric: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Gede Wirya Kusuma Duarsa, Ronald Sugianto, Pande Made Wisnu Tirtayasa, Ni Made Apriliani Saniti, Komang Harsa Abhinaya Duarsa","doi":"10.4081/aiua.2023.12049","DOIUrl":"10.4081/aiua.2023.12049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The role of the omentectomy procedure on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) catheter placement in pediatric patients has been differently evaluated in the literature, with some studies showing improvement while others showing no difference. Our study aims to define the advantages of omentectomy compared to a procedure without omentectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The literature searching in online databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Scopus, and ClinicalTrial.gov) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, has been registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023412846). The protocol was performed through April 2023 and focused on pediatric patients treated with an omentectomy procedure and related complications. The risk of bias in each study was assessed using the risk of bias for the non-randomized control trials (ROBINS-I). The effect estimates were extracted as risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The heterogeneity of the studies was considered as high heterogeneity if I2 values above 50% or p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the total of 676 articles identified in the database searching for screening, nine studies with 775 patients met the criteria for inclusion. The omentectomy procedure significantly showed a lower incidence of catheter obstruction compared to the control group, (OR 0.24 [95% CI, 0.12-0.49], p < 0.0001, I2 = 0%). Moreover, omentectomy demonstrated a similar trend in the rate of removal or reinsertion of the catheter with high heterogeneity, OR 0.25 [95% CI, 0.12-0.51), p = 0.0002, I2 = 70%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The omentectomy procedure showed a lower incidence of catheter obstruction and complications leading to removal or reinsertion of the catheter.</p>","PeriodicalId":46900,"journal":{"name":"Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138499763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autologous mesenchymal stem cell therapy for diabetic men with erectile dysfunction. Is it promising? A pilot study.","authors":"Mohamed A Alhefnawy, Emad Salah, Sayed Bakry, Taymour M Khalifa, Alaa Rafaat, Refaat Hammad, Ali Sobhy, Ahmed Wahsh","doi":"10.4081/aiua.2023.11669","DOIUrl":"10.4081/aiua.2023.11669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>to assess safety and efficacy of autologous mesenchymal bone marrow stem cell injection in penile cavernosal tissue for erectile dysfunction therapy in diabetic men.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The subjects of this study were diabetic men suffering erectile dysfunction, non-responding to maximum dose of oral PDE5I. Mesenchymal bone marrow stem cells were aspirated and injected after preparation in both corpora cavernosa at 3, 9 o'clock position. Erectile function was assessed by the International Index of Erectile Function and penile Doppler study, before and after 6 months after injection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>4 patients out of 10 achieve hard erection adequate for satisfactory coitus, and 2 patients achieved penile hardness with addition of pharmacological therapy with sildenafil 100mg. Peak systolic velocity increased significantly in 4 patients (2 arteriogenic and 2 mixed erectile dysfunction), from 12∼22 cm/s to 32∼69 cm/s. Variations in end-diastolic velocity increased substantially in 2 patients with venogenic insufficiency alone at follow-up from 4∼5 cm /s to -4∼-3 cm/s.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite promising stem cell treatment efficacy for patients with erectile dysfunction, more clinical studies and researches are still warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":46900,"journal":{"name":"Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138292060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of bipolar Transurethral Enucleation and Resection of the Prostate in terms of efficiency and patient satisfaction compared to retropubic open prostatectomy in prostates larger than 80 cc. A prospective randomized study.","authors":"Ibrahim Tagreda, Mahmoud Heikal, Adel Elatreisy, Mohamed Fawzy Salman, Ahmed Mohamed Soliman, Ayman Kotb Koritenah, Hesham Abozied, Mohamed Ibrahim Algammal, Ahmed A Alrefaey, Mohamed Elsalhy, Mohamed Shehab, Mahmoud Mohammed Ali, Aly Gomaa Eid, Abdrabuh M Abdrabuh, Sayed Eleweedy","doi":"10.4081/aiua.2023.11629","DOIUrl":"10.4081/aiua.2023.11629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the outcomes of bipolar Transurethral Enucleation Resection of the Prostate (TUERP) and simple retropubic prostatectomy in patients with prostate volumes larger than 80 cc.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A prospective randomized study included all patients amenable to surgeries for benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) with prostate size over 80 cc at a tertiary care hospital between January 2020 to February 2022. Bipolar TUERP and Retropubic open prostatectomy techniques were compared regarding patients' demographics, intraoperative parameters, outcomes, and peri-operative complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety patients were included in our study and randomly assigned to bipolar TUERP (Group 1 = 45 patients) and retropubic open prostatectomy (Group 2 = 45 patients). The TUERP group demonstrated significantly lower operative time (77 ± 11 minutes vs. 99 ± 14 minutes, p < 0.001), hemoglobin drop (median = 1.1 vs. 2.5, p < 0.001), and resected tissue weight (71 ± 6.6 cc vs. 84.5 ± 10.6 cc, p < 0.001). Postoperatively, the TUERP group demonstrated significantly lower catheter time (median = 2 vs. 7 days, p < 0.001) and less hospital stay. IPSS, Qmax, and patient satisfaction were better in the TUERP group within six months of surgery. We reported 90-day complications after TUERP in 13.3% of patients compared to 17.8% after retropubic prostatectomy, with a statistically insignificant difference. Urethral stricture predominated after TUERP, while blood transfusion dominated in retropubic prostatectomy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study found that TUERP had equivalent efficacy and safety to open retropubic prostatectomy for patients with BPH and prostate volumes > 80 ml.</p>","PeriodicalId":46900,"journal":{"name":"Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138292062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endophytic to total tumour volume ratio: An added variable to patients with T1b/T2 renal tumours undergoing partial nephrectomy.","authors":"Asmaa Ismail, Vahid Mehrnoush, Amer Alaref, Radu Rozenberg, Hazem Elmansy, Walid Shahrour, Nishigandha Burute, Anatoly Shuster, Owen Prowse, Ahmed Zakaria, Walid Shabana, Ahmed Kotb","doi":"10.4081/aiua.2023.11723","DOIUrl":"10.4081/aiua.2023.11723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Partial nephrectomy is the standard of care to patients with small renal masses. It is still encouraged to larger tumours whenever feasible. The aim of this study is to look for the endophytic to total tumour volume ratio as an added variable to study the complexity of partial nephrectomy to patients with T1b/ T2 renal tumours.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective data collection of patients that had partial nephrectomy for T1b/T2 renal tumours by a single surgeon was done. Radiological re-assessment for the CT images to measure the endophytic to total tumour volume ratio was done.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the patients was 63 years. The study included 25 males and 11 females. All cases were managed by open surgery using retroperitoneal transverse lateral lumbotomy and warm ischemia was used in all patients. The mean tumour volume was 74 cc, the mean endophytic tumour volume was 29 cc. The mean percentage of endophytic to total tumour volume was 42%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Partial nephrectomy is safe for most of the patients with good performance status, having large renal masses. More complex surgery can be predicted in patients with endophytic to total tumour volume greater than 42%.</p>","PeriodicalId":46900,"journal":{"name":"Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138292061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment results of Para-Testicular Rhabdomyosarcoma (PT-RMS) using radiation as an alternative to retro-peritoneal nodal dissection: A single Institution experience.","authors":"Yasser A Abdelazim, Monika F Zaki, Mohsen M Abdel Mohsen, Reem M Emad, Heba G Mohamad, Dalia Abdelfatah, Ehab M Kalil","doi":"10.4081/aiua.2023.11642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2023.11642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Para-testicular Rhabdomyosarcoma (PT-RMS) has a favorable treatment outcome adopting multidisciplinary management; resection, namely high inguinal orchiectomy ± retro-peritoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) followed by standard or intensive chemotherapy ± adjuvant radiation therapy.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This is a retrospective study including all patients with pathologically proven PT-RMS, presented to the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, during the period from 2005 to 2020. Endpoints included overall survival, disease free survival and patterns of failure of different treatment modalities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty one patients were identified. Median age in our cohort was 15 years (range: 2-54 years). After a median follow up of 26 months (range, 3-75 months) ,two and five years OS were 100% and 91.7% respectively and median survival was not reached. Patients who underwent retro-peritoneal nodal dissection had a 5-year DFS rate of 100% versus 73% for those who received radiation to para-aortic nodes (p = 0.185). Limitations include retrospective nature and deviation from COG protocol.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study shows promising results suggesting that less aggressive local treatment modalities including radiation to para-aortic chain could be an option in PT-RMS, given the excellent results of this subtype. However further validation in a prospective study is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":46900,"journal":{"name":"Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of testosterone replacement on lipid profile, hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, and cognitive performance in castrated wistar rats","authors":"Oumayma Boukari, W. Khemissi, Soumaya Ghodhbane, A. Lahbib, O. Tebourbi, K. Rhouma, Mohsen Sakly, Dorsaf Hallègue","doi":"10.4081/aiua.2023.11593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2023.11593","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Androgen deficiency is associated with multiple biochemical and behavioral disorders. This study investigated the effects of testosterone replacement and Spirulina Platensis association on testosterone deficiency-induced metabolic disorders and memory impairment. Methods: Adult male rats were randomly and equally divided into four groups and received the following treatments for 20 consecutive days. Control group: non-castrated rats received distilled water. Castrated group received distilled water. Testosterone treated group: castrated rats received 0.20 mg of testosterone dissolved in corn oil by subcutaneous injection (i.p.). Spirulina co-treated group: castrated rats received 0.20 mg of testosterone (i.p.) dissolved in corn oil followed by 1000 mg/kg of Spirulina per os. Results: Data showed that castration induced an increase in plasma ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase (PAL), cholesterol, and triglycerides level. Castrated rats showed a great elevation in SOD and CAT activities and MDA and H2O2 levels in the prostate, seminal vesicles, and brain. Testosterone deficiency was also associated with alteration of the spatial memory and exploratory behaviour. Testosterone replacement either alone or with Spirulina combination efficiently improved most of these biochemical parameters and ameliorated cognitive abilities in castrated rats. Conclusions: Testosterone replacement either alone or in combination with Spirulina improved castration-induced metabolic, oxidative, and cognitive alterations.","PeriodicalId":46900,"journal":{"name":"Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139273350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}